1 Chronicles 11:39

Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armourbearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah,

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
Zelek	צֶ֖לֶק Tze.lek	H6768	Tselek · proper noun, a man's name
Ammonite	הָעַמּוֹנִ֑י ha.'a.mo.Ni	H5984	an Ammonite or (the adjective) Ammonitish · definite article + noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute
Naharai	נַחְרַי֙ nach.Rai	H5171	Nacharai or Nachrai · proper noun, a man's name
Berothite	הַבֵּ֣רֹתִ֔י ha.Be.ro.Ti	H1307	a Berothite · definite article + noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute
armourbearer	נֹשֵׂ֕א no.Se'	H5375	to lift · verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
Joab	יוֹאָ֥ב yo.'Av	H3097	Joab · proper noun, a man's name
son	בֶּן ben-	H1121	a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine singular construct
Zeruiah	צְרוּיָֽה tze.ru.Yah	H6870	Tserujah · proper noun, a woman's name

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Chronicles 11:10–end

We have here an account of David's worthies, the great men of his time that served him and were preferred by him. The first edition of this catalogue we had, Sa2 23:8, etc. This is much the same, only that those named here from Ch1 11:41 to the end are added. Observe, I. The connexion of this catalogue with that which is said concerning David, Ch1 11:9. 1. David waxed greater and greater, and these were his mighty men. Much of the strength and honour of great men is borrowed from their servants and depends upon them, which cannot but somewhat diminish pomp and power in the opinion of those that are wise. David is great because he has great men about him; take these away, and he is where he w…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Chronicles 11:39

Naharai--armorbearer to Joab (Sa2 23:37). The non-occurrence of Joab's name in any of the three catalogues is most probably to be accounted for by the circumstance that his office as commander-in-chief raised him to a position superior to all these orders of military knighthood.

Adam Clarke on 1 Chronicles 11:25

David set him over his guard - "Made him chief ruler over his disciples." - T. For other particulars, see the notes on the parallel places, where the subject is farther considered.

Tyndale Open Study Notes on 1 Chronicles 11:10-47

This account of David’s mighty warriors demonstrates that David had the support of Israel’s best and bravest men, as well as the support of all Israel (cp. 2 Sam 23:8-39). 11:10 just as the Lord had promised: David’s kingship was God’s choice, not David’s or the people’s (cp. 11:3; 1 Sam 16:11-14).

Rashi on 1 Chronicles 11:26

And the mighty warriors but not like those above.

Henry, Jamieson-Fausset-Brown, Clarke, Gill, Calvin and Keil & Delitzsch are in the public domain; Tyndale Open Study Notes © Tyndale House Publishers, CC BY-SA 4.0 — all from the Free Use Bible API (bible.helloao.org). Rashi: the Rosenbaum & Silbermann Pentateuch (public domain) and the Judaica Press and Metsudah Tanakh (CC BY), via Sefaria. Spurgeon's Treasury of David: public domain (lyteword's markdown edition, CC0).

Dictionary and topics

Berothite, The — (1 Chronicles 11:39) [Beeroth Of The Children Of Jaakan]
Giants — (1.) Heb. nephilim, meaning “violent” or “causing to fall” (Gen. 6:4). These were the violent tyrants of those days, those who fell upon others. The word may also be derived from a root signifying…
Naharai — Snorer, a Berothite, one of David’s heroes, and armour-bearer of Joab (1 Chr. 11:39).
Zelok — (fissure), an Ammonite, one of David’s guard. (2 Samuel 23:37; 1 Chronicles 11:39)
Naharai · One of David’s heroes — One of David’s heroes
Zelek · An Ammonite — An Ammonite

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).