1 Chronicles 4:4

And Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah. These are the sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah, the father of Bethlehem.

King James Version · Read in your translation · Open the Explore console

Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
Penuel	וּפְנוּאֵל֙ u.fe.nu.'El	H6439	Penuel or Peniel · conjunction + proper noun, a man's name
father	אֲבִ֣י 'a.Vi	H1	father · noun, common masculine singular construct
Gedor	גְדֹ֔ר ge.Dor	H1446	Gedor · proper noun, a man's name
Ezer	וְעֵ֖זֶר ve.'E.zer	H5829	Ezer · conjunction + proper noun, a man's name
father	אֲבִ֣י 'a.Vi	H1	father · noun, common masculine singular construct
Hushah	חוּשָׁ֑ה chu.Shah	H2364	Chushah · proper noun, a man's name
sons	בְנֵי ve.nei-	H1121	a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine plural construct
Hur	חוּר֙ chur	H2354	Chur · proper noun, a man's name
firstborn	בְּכ֣וֹר be.Khor	H1060	firstborn · noun, common masculine singular construct
Ephratah	אֶפְרָ֔תָה 'ef.Ra.tah	H672	Ephrath · proper noun, a woman's name
father	אֲבִ֖י 'a.Vi	H1	father · noun, common masculine singular construct
Beth-lehem	בֵּ֥ית beit	H1035	Beth-Lechem · proper noun, a place name

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

1 Chronicles 2:50 These were the sons of Caleb the son of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah; Shobal the father of Kirjath-jearim,
1 Chronicles 4:18 And his wife Jehudijah bare Jered the father of Gedor, and Heber the father of Socho, and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah. And these are the…
1 Chronicles 4:39 And they went to the entrance of Gedor, even unto the east side of the valley, to seek pasture for their flocks.
Joshua 15:36 And Sharaim, and Adithaim, and Gederah, and Gederothaim; fourteen cities with their villages:
1 Chronicles 2:19 And when Azubah was dead, Caleb took unto him Ephrath, which bare him Hur.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Chronicles 4:1-10

One reason, no doubt, why Ezra is here most particular in the register of the tribe of Judah is because it was that tribe which, with its appendages, Simeon, Benjamin, and Levi, made up the kingdom of Judah, which not only long survived the other tribes in Canaan, but in process of time, now when this was written, returned out of captivity, when the generality of the other tribes were lost in the kingdom of Assyria. The most remarkable person in this paragraph is Jabez. It is not said whose son he was, nor does it appear in what age he lived; but, it should seem, he was the founder of one of the families of Aharhel, mentioned Ch1 4:8. Here is, I. The reason of his name: his mother gave him t…

Read the whole note in the console

Adam Clarke on 1 Chronicles 4:3

These were of the father of Etam - "And these are the rabbins (doctors) living at Etam, Jezreel, Ishma, and Idbash." - T.

John Gill on 1 Chronicles 4:4

And Penuel the father of Gedor,.... The prince of that place, according to some, and the same with Hareph, 1 Chronicles 2:51, and Ezer the father of Hushah: thought to be the same with Shuah, 1 Chronicles 4:11, these are the sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah: Caleb's wife, 1 Chronicles 2:19 the Targum adds, the same with Miriam; and so other Jewish writers (x) say, Miriam had two names, and one was Ephratah; though Josephus makes (y) Hur to be her husband, and not her son, as here: who was the father of Bethlehem; of the inhabitants of that city, at least part of them, or prince of that place, as his grandson Salma also was, 1 Chronicles 2:51. (x) Shemot Rabba, sect. 1. fol. 90. 4.…

Read the whole note in the console

Keil & Delitzsch on 1 Chronicles 4:4

And Penuel the father of Gedor,.... The prince of that place, according to some, and the same with Hareph, Ch1 2:51, and Ezer the father of Hushah: thought to be the same with Shuah, Ch1 4:11, these are the sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah: Caleb's wife, Ch1 2:19 the Targum adds, the same with Miriam; and so other Jewish writers (x) say, Miriam had two names, and one was Ephratah; though Josephus makes (y) Hur to be her husband, and not her son, as here: who was the father of Bethlehem; of the inhabitants of that city, at least part of them, or prince of that place, as his grandson Salma also was, Ch1 2:51. (x) Shemot Rabba, sect. 1. fol. 90. 4. Yalkut in 1 Chron. ii. 19. (y) A…

Dictionary and topics

Ephratah, Or Ephrath — (fruitful).
Ezer — Treasure. (1.) One of the sons of Seir, the native princes, “dukes,” of Mount Hor (Gen. 36:21, 27). (2.) 1 Chr. 7:21; (3.) 4:4. (4.) One of the Gadite champions who repaired to David at Ziklag…
Hur — A hole, as of a viper, etc. (1.) A son of Caleb (1 Chr. 2:19, 50; 4:1, 4; comp. 2 Chr. 1:5). (2.) The husband of Miriam, Moses’ sister (Ex. 17:10-12). He was associated with Aaron in charge of the…
Hushah — (haste), a name which occurs in the genealogies of the tribe of Judah (1 Chronicles 4:4)
Ephratah · 2. Second wife of — 2. Second wife of
Ezer · 4. A man of — 4. A man of
Gedor · 5. Either a place or a per — 5. Either a place or a per
Hur · 5. Father of — 5. Father of
Hushah · General references — General references
Penuel · 2. Chief of Gedor — 2. Chief of Gedor

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

1 Chronicles 4:4

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Chronicles 4:1-10

Adam Clarke on 1 Chronicles 4:3

John Gill on 1 Chronicles 4:4

Keil & Delitzsch on 1 Chronicles 4:4

Dictionary and topics

1 Chronicles 4:4

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Chronicles 4:1-10

Adam Clarke on 1 Chronicles 4:3

John Gill on 1 Chronicles 4:4

Keil & Delitzsch on 1 Chronicles 4:4

Dictionary and topics

Tyndale Open Study Notes on 1 Chronicles 4:1-7

Rashi on 1 Chronicles 4:2