to test (literally or figuratively) · verb — present active imperative, 3rd person singular
man
ἄνθρωποςanthrōpos
G444
from G3700 (ὀπτάνομαι)) · noun — nominative singular masculine
examine
δοκιμάζωdokimázō
G1381
to test (literally or figuratively)
himself
ἑαυτόν,he'auton
G1438
him- (her- · reflexive pronoun
and
καὶkai
G2532
and · conjunction
so
οὕτωςhoutōs
G3779
in this way (referring to what precedes or follows) · adverb
eat
ἐσθιέτωesthietō
G2068
used only in certain tenses · verb — present active imperative, 3rd person singular
of
ἐκek
G1537
literal or figurative · preposition
bread
ἄρτουartou
G740
bread (as raised) or a loaf · noun — genitive singular masculine
and
καὶkai
G2532
and · conjunction
drink
πινέτω·pinetō
G4095
to imbibe (literally or figuratively) · verb — present active imperative, 3rd person singular
of
ἐκek
G1537
literal or figurative · preposition
cup
ποτηρίουpotēriou
G4221
a drinking-vessel · noun — genitive singular neuter
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Galatians 6:4 But let every man prove his own work, and then shall he have rejoicing in himself alone, and not in another.
2 Corinthians 13:5 Examine yourselves, whether ye be in the faith; prove your own selves. Know ye not your own selves, how that Jesus Christ is in you, except…
Lamentations 3:40 Let us search and try our ways, and turn again to the LORD.
Matthew 5:23-24 Therefore if thou bring thy gift to the altar, and there rememberest that thy brother hath ought against thee;
Psalms 26:2-7 Examine me, O LORD, and prove me; try my reins and my heart.
Haggai 1:5 Now therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts; Consider your ways.
1 Corinthians 11:31 For if we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged.
Haggai 1:7 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; Consider your ways.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on 1 Corinthians 11:23–end
To rectify these gross corruptions and irregularities, the apostle sets the sacred institution here to view. This should be the rule in the reformation of all abuses.
I. He tells us how he came by the knowledge of it. He was not among the apostles at the first institution; but he had received from the Lord what he delivered to them, Co1 11:23. He had the knowledge of this matter by revelation from Christ: and what he had received he communicated, without varying from the truth a tittle, without adding or diminishing.
II. He gives us a more particular account of the institution than we meet with elsewhere. We have here an account,
1. Of the author - our Lord Jesus Christ. The king of the chur…
examine--Greek, "prove" or "test" his own state of mind in respect to Christ's death, and his capability of "discerning the Lord's body" (Co1 11:29, Co1 11:31). Not auricular confession to a priest, but self-examination is necessary.
so--after due self-examination.
of . . . of--In Co1 11:27, where the receiving was unworthily, the expression was, "eat this bread, drink . . . cup" without "of." Here the "of" implies due circumspection in communicating [BENGEL].
let him eat--His self-examination is not in order that he may stay away, but that he may eat, that is, communicate.
Adam Clarke on 1 Corinthians 11:28
Let a man examine himself - Let him try whether he has proper faith in the Lord Jesus; and whether he discerns the Lord's body; and whether he duly considers that the bread and wine point out the crucified body and spilt blood of Christ.
John Gill on 1 Corinthians 11:28
But let a man examine himself,.... Whether he has a true sense of sin, sorrow and repentance for it; otherwise he will see no need of a Saviour, nor will he look to Christ for salvation, or be thankful to him for redemption by him; all which are necessary in a due observance of this ordinance; also, whether he is in the faith, whether he is a partaker of the true grace of faith, which is attended with good works, and shows itself by love to Christ, and to the saints; whereby a man goes out of himself to Christ for spiritual food and strength, peace and comfort, righteousness, life, and salvation; and by which he receives all from Christ, and gives him all the glory: this is absolutely necess…
The Church Fathers
Paul teaches that one should come to Communion with a reverent mind and with fear, so that the mind will understand that it must revere the one whose body it is coming to consume.
In your conscience, where no one is present except God who sees all, there judge yourself, examine your sins. When you reflect upon your whole life, bring your sins to the court of the mind. Correct your mistakes, and in this way, with a clean conscience, touch the sacred table and participate in the holy sacrifice.
"But let a man prove himself:" which also he saith in the second Epistle: "try your own selves, prove your own selves:" not as we do now, approaching because of the season rather than from any earnestness of mind. For we do not consider how we may approach prepared, with the ills that were within us purged out, and full of compunction, but how we may come at festivals and whenever all do so. But not thus did Paul bid us come: he knoweth only one season of access and communion, the purity of a man's conscience. Since if even that kind of banquet which the senses take cognizance of cannot be partaken of by us when feverish and full of bad humors, without risk of perishing: much more is it unlawful for us to touch this Table with profane lusts, which are more grievous than fevers. Now when I say profane lusts, I mean both those of the body, and of money, and of anger, and of malice, and, in a word, all that are profane. And it becomes him that approacheth, first to empty himself of all these things and so to touch that pure sacrifice. And neither if indolently disposed and reluctantly ought he to be compelled to approach by reason of the festival; nor, on the other hand, if penitent and prepared, should any one prevent him because it is not a festival. For a festival is a showing forth of good works, and a reverence of soul, and exactness of deportment. And if thou hast these things, thou mayest at all times keep festival and at all times approach. Wherefore he saith, "But let each man prove himself, and then let him approach." And he bids not one examine another, but each himself, making the tribunal not a public one and the conviction without a witness.
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Luke, Gospel according to — Was written by Luke. He does not claim to have been an eye-witness of our Lord’s ministry, but to have gone to the best sources of information within his reach, and to have written an orderly…
Communion Of The Lord’s Supper · Self-examination commanded before partaking of — Self-examination commanded before partaking of
Death Of Christ, The · Commemorated in the ordinance of the Lord’s supper — Commemorated in the ordinance of the Lord’s supper
Eucharist (The Lord’s Supper) · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Paschal Lamb, Typical Nature Of · Not eaten raw — Not eaten raw
Self-Examination · Necessary before the communion — Necessary before the communion
Watchfulness · 36:18-21; — 36:18-21;
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
1 Corinthians 11:23-29
23. For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, That the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread:
23. Ego enim accepi a Domino, quod etiam tradidi vobis: quod Dominus Iesus nocte qua traditus est, accepit panem:
24. And when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me.
24. Et gratiis actis, fregit, et dixit, Accipite, edite: hoc est corpus meum quod pro vobis frangitur: hoc facite in mei memoriam.
25. After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as…
