1 Kings 16:34 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
1 Kings 16:34
In his days did Hiel the Bethelite build Jericho: he laid the foundation thereof in Abiram his firstborn, and set up the gates thereof in his youngest son Segub, according to the word of the LORD, which he spake by Joshua the son of Nun.
a day (as the warm hours) · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
Hiel
חִיאֵ֛לchi.'El
H2419
Chiel · proper noun, a man's name
Beth-elite
בֵּ֥יתbeit
H1017
a Beth-elite · noun, common masculine singular construct
build
בָּנָ֥הba.Nah
H1129
to build (literally and figuratively) · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Jericho
יְרִיחֹ֑הye.ri.Choh
H3405
Jericho or Jerecho · proper noun, a place name
foundation
יִסְּדָ֗הּyi.se.Dah
H3245
to set (literally or figuratively) · verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + pronominal suffix, 3rd person feminine singular
Abiram
בַּאֲבִירָ֨םba.'a.vi.Ram
H48
Abiram · preposition + proper noun, a man's name
firstborn
בְּכֹר֜וֹbe.kho.Ro
H1060
firstborn · noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
up
הִצִּ֣יבhi.Tziv
H5324
to station · verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
gates
דְּלָתֶ֔יהָde.la.Tei.ha
H1817
something swinging · noun, common feminine dual construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person feminine singular
youngest
צְעִירוֹ֙tze.'i.Ro
H6810
little · adjective, masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
Segub
וּבִשְׂג֤וּבu.vis.giv
H7687
Segub · conjunction + preposition + proper noun, a man's name
word
כִּדְבַ֣רkid.Var
H1697
a word · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct
LORD
יְהוָ֔הYah.weh
H3068
Jehovah · proper noun, a title
spake
דִּבֶּ֔רdi.Ber
H1696
perhaps properly · verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
by
בְּיַ֖דbe.Yad
H3027
a hand (the open one (indicating power · preposition + noun, common both genders singular construct
Joshua
יְהוֹשֻׁ֥עַye.ho.Shu.a'
H3091
Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua) · proper noun, a man's name
son
בִּןbin-
H1121
a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine singular construct
Nun
נֽוּןNun
H5126
Nun or Non · proper noun, a man's name
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Joshua 6:26 And Joshua adjured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man before the LORD, that riseth up and buildeth this city Jericho: he shall lay…
Matthew 24:35 Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away.
Joshua 23:14-15 And, behold, this day I am going the way of all the earth: and ye know in all your hearts and in all your souls, that not one thing hath fai…
Zechariah 1:5 Your fathers, where are they? and the prophets, do they live for ever?
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on 1 Kings 16:29–end
We have here the beginning of the reign of Ahab, of whom we have more particulars recorded than of any of the kings of Israel. We have here only a general idea given us of him, as the worst of all the kings, that we may expect what the particulars will be. He reigned twenty-two years, long enough to do a great deal of mischief.
I. He exceeded all his predecessors in wickedness, did evil above all that were before him (Kg1 16:30), and, as if it were done with a particular enmity both to God and Israel, to affront him and ruin them, it is said, He did more purposely to provoke the Lord God of Israel to anger, and, consequently, to send judgments on his land, than all the kings of Israel that w…
JOSHUA'S CURSE FULFILLED UPON HIEL THE BUILDER OF JERICHO. (Kg1 16:34)
In his days did Hiel the Beth-elite build Jericho--(see on Jos 6:26). The curse took effect on the family of this reckless man but whether his oldest son died at the time of laying the foundation, and the youngest at the completion of the work, or whether he lost all his sons in rapid succession, till, at the end of the undertaking, he found himself childless, the poetical form of the ban does not enable us to determine. Some modern commentators think there is no reference either to the natural or violent deaths of Hiel's sons; but that he began in presence of his oldest son, but some unexpected difficulties, losses, or…
Did Hiel the Beth-elite build Jericho - I wish the reader to refer to my note on Jos 6:26, for a general view of this subject. I shall add a few observations. Joshua's curse is well known: "Cursed be the man before the Lord that riseth up and buildeth this city Jericho; he shall lay the foundation thereof in his first-born; and in his youngest son shall he set up the gates of it," Jos 6:26. This is the curse, but the meaning of its terms is not very obvious. Let us see how this is to be understood from the manner in which it was accomplished.
"In his days did Hiel the Beth-elite build Jericho; he laid the foundation thereof in Abiram his first-born, and set up the gates thereof in his younge…
The Church Fathers
Jericho remained in ruins as a sign and memory of the power of God and the victory of the people of Israel. But the insolent Ahab decided to refute the words of Joshua and said, "As the words of his master Moses, who said, 'The sky over your head shall be bronze and the earth under you iron'3 did not happen, so the words of his disciple will not happen." However, when [the city] was re-established at the cost of Abiram's death, his firstborn, the people feared God and showed him that he was not allowed to rebuild the city, so he stopped. But, a bit later, he attributed all these events to chance and resumed his work by setting the gates of the city. Then Segub, his youngest son, died. For this reason Elijah burned with zeal and stopped heaven for three and a half years.
"In his days, Hiel of Bethel built Jericho." [1 Kings 16:34] What is written about the times of Ahab's reign: 'In his days, Hiel of Bethel built Jericho. He laid its foundations with Abiram his firstborn, and set up its gates with Segub his youngest,' the sense is clear: when the stated builder of the city began to lay its foundations, his firstborn, named Abiram, died; and when, with the city built, he tried to fortify its gates, he lost his youngest son named Segub. This was foretold by Joshua, who, when dedicating the destroyed and cursed city Jericho, predicted it with an imprecation: 'Cursed before the Lord is the man who rises up and rebuilds this city Jericho. He shall lay its foundation at the cost of his firstborn, and at the cost of his youngest he shall set up its gates' (Joshua 6). That Ahiel, living for God, interpreted as Bethel which means house of God, restores the walls of Jericho that were destroyed and cursed by Joshua, is evident when one among those who have assumed the habit of religion in the Church returns to commit the crimes that the Lord Jesus forgave him on the day of his baptism, and those pomps of the devil which he himself anathema-tized, he returns to by living luxuriously; when he prefers the dogmas of heretics or the fables of pagans to the churchly truth in which he was imbued, it is as if, departing from Bethel, he resurrects the ruins of Jericho. And rightly is such a person cursed before the Lord, and loses both the first of his sons in the foundation of the wicked city and the youngest in the setting up of its gates. Because he loses the foundations of faith with which he should have begun good buildings, and the house of good action with which he should have finished. These things I have expounded in an allegorical sense, to remind you how true is the word of the apostle, who says that all these things happened to them as examples, and were written down for our instruction (1 Corinthians 10).
Dictionary and topics
Abiram — Father of height; i.e., “proud.” (1.) One of the sons of Eliab, who joined Korah in the conspiracy against Moses and Aaron. He and all the conspirators, with their families and possessions (except…
Ahab — Father’s brother. (1.) The son of Omri, whom he succeeded as the seventh king of Israel. His history is recorded in 1 Kings 16-22. His wife was Jezebel (q.v.), who exercised a very evil influence…
Baasha — Bravery, the third king of the separate kingdom of Israel, and founder of its second dynasty (1 Kings 15; 16; 2 Chr. 16:1-6). He was the son of Ahijah of the tribe of Issachar. The city of Tirzah he…
Bethel — House of God. (1.) A place in Central Palestine, about 10 miles north of Jerusalem, at the head of the pass of Michmash and Ai. It was originally the royal Canaanite city of Luz (Gen. 28:19). The…
Bethelite — A designation of Hiel (q.v.), who rebuilt Jericho and experienced the curse pronounced long before (1 Kings 16:34).
Hiel — Life of (i.e., from) God, a native of Bethel, who built (i.e., fortified) Jericho some seven hundred years after its destruction by the Israelites. There fell on him for such an act the imprecation…
Jericho — Place of fragrance, a fenced city in the midst of a vast grove of palm trees, in the plain of Jordan, over against the place where that river was crossed by the Israelites (Josh. 3:16). Its site was…
Segub — Elevated. (1.) The youngest son of Hiel the Bethelite. His death is recorded in 1 Kings 16:34 (comp. Josh. 6:26). (2.) A descendant of Judah (1 Chr. 2:21, 22).
And in his days did Hiel the Bethelite build Jericho,.... Which was forbidden by Joshua under an anathema; but this man, either ignorant of that adjuration of Joshua, or in contempt and defiance of it, and knowing it might please the king and queen, set about the rebuilding of it; and it being done by the leave and under the authority of Ahab, is mentioned together with his wicked actions:
he laid the foundation thereof in Abiram his firstborn: that is, his firstborn died as soon as he laid the foundation of the city, but this did not deter him from going on with it:
and set up the gates thereof in his youngest son Segub; all the rest of his children died as he was rebuilding the city, unt…
In his time Hil the Bethelite (האלי בּית; compare Ges. 111. 1 with 86, 2. 5) built Jericho: "he laid the foundation of it with Abiram his first-born, and set up its gates with Segub his youngest, according to the word of Jehovah," etc. (for the explanation see the Comm. on Jos 6:26). The restoration of this city as a fortification, upon which Joshua had pronounced the curse, is mentioned as a proof how far ungodliness had progressed in Israel; whilst the fulfilment of the curse upon the builder shows how the Lord will not allow the word of His servants to be transgressed with impunity. Jericho, on the border of the tribe of Ephraim (Jos 16:7), which was allotted to the Benjaminites (Jos 18:2…
Despite Joshua’s curse against Jericho (Josh 6:26-27), the site was occasionally and temporarily occupied prior to being rebuilt by Hiel (see Judg 3:13; 2 Sam 10:5; 1 Chr 19:5), as archaeological excavations confirm. Hiel’s efforts signify the spiritual defection of Israel. • When he laid its foundation . . . Segub: The Targum (an interpretive Aramaic translation for Jews who did not know Hebrew after the Exile) suggests that Hiel sacrificed his sons as foundation offerings according to pagan practices; others understand the deaths to be from disease or accident. The sentence might be a Hebrew merism (using boundaries to indicate everything in between), which would imply that all of Hiel’s s…
Chieil of Beis Eil. [I.e.,] Chieil who was from Beis Eil, similar to, “Yishay of Beis Lechem [בית הלחמי],”7I Shmuel 16:1. and it does not state הבית לחמי, and similarly, “Yehoshua of Beis Shemesh [בית השמשי],”8I Shmuel 6:14. in the Book of Shmuel, and [it does] not [state] הבית שמשי, and similarly, “In Ofrah [that belonged to Yoash] of the Avi Ezri [אבי העזרי],”9Shoftim 6:11. and it does not state האבי עזרי. Some interpret בית האלי [is from the word אלה or curse], since he accepted upon himself Yehoshua’s curses, “Cursed [before Adonoy] be the man who rises up and rebuilds, etc.”10Yehoshua 6:26. Also, see Maseches Sanhedrin 113a. Our Rabbis stated that Chieil was of [the tribe of] Binyomin,…
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Jericho
· .Rebuilt by Hiel
— .Rebuilt by Hiel
Segub · 1. — 1.
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).