1 Samuel 27:9

And David smote the land, and left neither man nor woman alive, and took away the sheep, and the oxen, and the asses, and the camels, and the apparel, and returned, and came to Achish.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
David	דָוִד֙ da.Vid	H1732	David · proper noun, a man's name
smote	וְהִכָּ֤ה ve.hi.Kah	H5221	to strike (lightly or severely · conjunction + verb, hiphil sequential perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
land	הָאָ֔רֶץ ha.'A.retz	H776	the earth (at large · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
man	אִ֣ישׁ 'ish	H376	a man as an individual or a male person · noun, common masculine singular absolute
woman	וְאִשָּׁ֑ה ve.'i.Shah	H802	a woman · conjunction + noun, common feminine singular absolute
alive	יְחַיֶּ֖ה ye.chai.Yeh	H2421	to live · verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
away	וְלָקַח֩ ve.la.Kach	H3947	to take (in the widest variety of applications) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
sheep	צֹ֨אן tzon	H6629	a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats) · noun, common both genders singular absolute
oxen	וּבָקָ֜ר u.va.Kar	H1241	beef cattle or an animal of the ox family of either gen… · conjunction + noun, common both genders singular absolute
asses	וַחֲמֹרִ֤ים va.cha.mo.Rim	H2543	a male ass (from its dun red) · conjunction + noun, common both genders plural absolute
camels	וּגְמַלִּים֙ u.ge.ma.Lim	H1581	a camel · conjunction + noun, common both genders plural absolute
apparel	וּבְגָדִ֔ים u.ve.ga.Dim	H899	a covering · conjunction + noun, common masculine plural absolute
returned	וַיָּ֖שָׁב vai.Ya.shov	H7725	to turn back (hence · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
came	וַיָּבֹ֥א vai.ya.Vo'	H935	to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Achish	אָכִֽישׁ 'a.Khish	H397	Akish · proper noun, a man's name

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

1 Samuel 15:3 Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and spare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox an…
Genesis 16:7 And the angel of the LORD found her by a fountain of water in the wilderness, by the fountain in the way to Shur.
Genesis 25:18 And they dwelt from Havilah unto Shur, that is before Egypt, as thou goest toward Assyria: and he died in the presence of all his brethren.
Exodus 15:22 So Moses brought Israel from the Red sea, and they went out into the wilderness of Shur; and they went three days in the wilderness, and fou…
Deuteronomy 25:17-19 Remember what Amalek did unto thee by the way, when ye were come forth out of Egypt;
Joshua 6:21 And they utterly destroyed all that was in the city, both man and woman, young and old, and ox, and sheep, and ass, with the edge of the swo…
1 Samuel 15:7 And Saul smote the Amalekites from Havilah until thou comest to Shur, that is over against Egypt.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Samuel 27:8–end

Here is an account of David's actions while he was in the land of the Philistines, a fierce attack he made upon some remains of the devoted nations, his success in it, and the representation he gave of it to Achish. 1. We may acquit him of injustice and cruelty in this action because those people whom he cut off were such as heaven had long since doomed to destruction, and he that did it was one whom heaven had ordained to dominion; so that the thing was very fit to be done, and he was very fit to do it. It was not for him that was anointed to fight the Lord's battles to sit still in sloth, however he might think fit, in modesty, to retire. He desired to be safe from Saul only that he might…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Samuel 27:8

David . . . went up, and invaded the Geshurites--(See Jos 13:2). and the Gezrites--or the Gerizi [GESENIUS], (Jos 12:12), some Arab horde which had once encamped there. and the Amalekites--Part of the district occupied by them lay on the south of the land of Israel (Jdg 5:14; Jdg 12:15).

Adam Clarke on 1 Samuel 27:9

David smote the land - Here was a complete extirpation of all these people, not one being left alive, lest he should carry tidings of the disasters of his country! The spoil which David took consisted of sheep, oxen, asses, camels, and apparel.

John Gill on 1 Samuel 27:9

And David smote the land,.... In which the above mentioned people dwelt, that is, the inhabitants of it: and left neither man nor woman alive; for these being the old Canaanites and Amalekites, according to the law of God were not to be spared, but utterly destroyed; which may be observed to remove the charge of cruelty that might be brought against David on this account, Deuteronomy 7:2; though this must be understood of such that came within his reach; for it is certain there were people of these several names after this; see 1 Samuel 30:1, and took away the sheep, and the oxen, and the asses, and the camels, and the apparel, and returned, and came to Achish; at Gath, to make a report o…

The Church Fathers

And he took the sheep and the cattle, etc. Christ, taking from the nations souls of diverse character, hastens to gather them all into the unity of the preexisting Church in Himself.
— Bede, Commentary on Samuel

And David struck all the land, etc. The Lord strikes with the sword of His word whatever earthly and lowly thing He finds in unbelievers; nor does He allow anyone of those who truly receive the faith, either in spirit or in flesh, to live further in their prior conduct, but makes all by true confession say with the Apostle: But it is no longer I who live, but Christ lives in me (Gal. II).
— Bede, Commentary on Samuel

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Achish — Angry, perhaps only a general title of royalty applicable to the Philistine kings. (1.) The king with whom David sought refuge when he fled from Saul (1 Sam. 21:10-15). He is called Abimelech in the…
Camel — From the Hebrew gamal, “to repay” or “requite,” as the camel does the care of its master. There are two distinct species of camels, having, however, the common characteristics of being “ruminants…
David — Beloved, the eighth and youngest son of Jesse, a citizen of Bethlehem. His father seems to have been a man in humble life. His mother’s name is not recorded. Some think she was the Nahash of 2 Sam.…
Robbery — Practised by the Ishmaelites (Gen. 16:12), the Chaldeans and Sabeans (Job 1:15, 17), and the men of Shechem (Judg. 9:25. See also 1 Sam. 27:6-10; 30; Hos. 4:2; 6:9). Robbers infested Judea in our…
Amalekites · General references — General references
Amalekites, The · Invaded by David — Invaded by David
Philistines · .Achish — .Achish
War · Of extermination — Of extermination

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

1 Samuel 27:9

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Samuel 27:8–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Samuel 27:8

Adam Clarke on 1 Samuel 27:9

John Gill on 1 Samuel 27:9

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

1 Samuel 27:9

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Samuel 27:8–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Samuel 27:8

Adam Clarke on 1 Samuel 27:9

John Gill on 1 Samuel 27:9

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on 1 Samuel 27:8-9

Tyndale Open Study Notes on 1 Samuel 27:9

Rashi on 1 Samuel 27:8