1 Samuel 28:1

And it came to pass in those days, that the Philistines gathered their armies together for warfare, to fight with Israel. And Achish said unto David, Know thou assuredly, that thou shalt go out with me to battle, thou and thy men.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
days	בַּיָּמִ֣ים bai.ya.Mim	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
Philistines	פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים fe.lish.Tim	H6430	a Pelishtite or inhabitant of Pelesheth · noun, gentilic masculine plural absolute
gathered	וַיִּקְבְּצ֨וּ vai.yik.be.Tzu	H6908	to grasp · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
armies	מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙ ma.cha.nei.Hem	H4264	an encampment (of travellers or troops) · noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
together	קָבַץ qâbats	H6908	to grasp
warfare	לַצָּבָ֔א la.tza.Va'	H6635	a mass of persons (or figuratively · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
fight	לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם le.hi.la.Chem	H3898	to feed on · preposition + verb, niphal infinitive construct
Israel	בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל be.Yis.ra.'El	H3478	Jisrael · preposition + proper noun, a place name
Achish	אָכִישׁ֙ 'a.Khish	H397	Akish · proper noun, a man's name
said	וַיֹּ֤אמֶר vai.Yo.mer	H559	to say (used with great latitude) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
David	דָּוִ֔ד da.Vid	H1732	David · proper noun, a man's name
Know	יָדֹ֣עַ ya.Do.a'	H3045	to know (properly · verb, qal infinitive absolute
assuredly	תֵּדַ֗ע te.Da'	H3045	to know (properly · verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular
out	תֵּצֵ֣א te.Tze'	H3318	to go (causatively · verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular
battle	בַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה va.ma.cha.Neh	H4264	an encampment (of travellers or troops) · preposition with the article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
men	וַאֲנָשֶֽׁיךָ va.'a.na.Shei.kha	H582	a man in general (singly or collectively) · conjunction + noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine singular

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

1 Samuel 17:1 Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and were gathered together at Shochoh, which belongeth to Judah, and pitched b…
1 Samuel 29:1-3 Now the Philistines gathered together all their armies to Aphek: and the Israelites pitched by a fountain which is in Jezreel.
Judges 3:1-4 Now these are the nations which the LORD left, to prove Israel by them, even as many of Israel as had not known all the wars of Canaan;
1 Samuel 7:7 And when the Philistines heard that the children of Israel were gathered together to Mizpeh, the lords of the Philistines went up against Is…
1 Samuel 13:5 And the Philistines gathered themselves together to fight with Israel, thirty thousand chariots, and six thousand horsemen, and people as th…
1 Samuel 27:12 And Achish believed David, saying, He hath made his people Israel utterly to abhor him; therefore he shall be my servant for ever.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Samuel 28:1-6

Here is, I. The design of the Philistines against Israel. They resolved to fight them, Sa1 28:1. If the Israelites had not forsaken God, there would have been no Philistines remaining to molest them; if Saul had not forsaken him, they would by this time have been put out of all danger by them. The Philistines took an opportunity to make this attempt when they had David among them, whom they feared more than Saul and all his forces. II. The expectation Achish had of assistance from David in this war, and the encouragement David gave him to expect it: "Thou shalt go with me to battle," says Achish. "If I protect thee, I may demand service from thee;" and he will think himself happy if he may h…

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Adam Clarke on 1 Samuel 28:1

The Philistines gathered their armies together - Sir Isaac Newton conjectures that the Philistines had got a great increase to their armies by vast numbers of men which Amasis had driven out of Egypt. This, with Samuel's death, and David's disgrace, were no inconsiderable motives to a new war, front which the Philistines had now every thing to hope. Thou shalt go out with me to battle - This he said, being deceived by what David had told him.

John Gill on 1 Samuel 28:1

And it came to pass in those days,.... That David was in the country of the Philistines: that the Philistines gathered their armies together: out of their five principalities or lordships: for warfare to fight with Israel; with whom they were continually at war, and though sometimes there was a cessation of arms, yet never any settled peace; and the Philistines took every opportunity and advantage against them, as they now did; when David was among them, and so had nothing to fear from him, but rather expected his assistance; and Samuel was dead, and Saul in a frenzy: and Achish said unto David: who seems to have been at the head of the combined armies of the Philistines: know thou assur…

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Keil & Delitzsch

The Church Fathers

And Achis said to David: Knowing now, know, etc. Which is clearly that all Catholics propose to combat the erring by reproving, reasoning, or remembering the words of Scripture, to say to the Lord: God, you know our foolishness and weakness (Psalm LXVIII), for without you we can do nothing, provide us with aid as we struggle, may your holy ones grant us the help of their intercession; and whoever of them authored the holy Scriptures by your inspiration, may they provide us with the secrets of spiritual knowledge by which we may overcome the carnal.
— Bede, Commentary on Samuel

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Achish — Angry, perhaps only a general title of royalty applicable to the Philistine kings. (1.) The king with whom David sought refuge when he fled from Saul (1 Sam. 21:10-15). He is called Abimelech in the…
Divination — Of false prophets (Deut. 18:10, 14; Micah 3:6, 7, 11), of necromancers (1 Sam. 28:8), of the Philistine priests and diviners (1 Sam. 6:2), of Balaam (Josh. 13:22). Three kinds of divination are…
Witchcraft — (1 Sam. 15:23; 2 Kings 9:22; 2 Chr. 33:6; Micah 5:12; Nahum 3:4; Gal. 5:20). In the popular sense of the word no mention is made either of witches or of witchcraft in Scripture. The “witch of En-dor”…
Achish · David es — David es
Philistines · .Achish — .Achish

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Samuel 28:1-6

Adam Clarke on 1 Samuel 28:1

John Gill on 1 Samuel 28:1

Keil & Delitzsch

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Samuel 28:1-6

Adam Clarke on 1 Samuel 28:1

John Gill on 1 Samuel 28:1

Keil & Delitzsch

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Tyndale Open Study Notes on 1 Samuel 28:1