1 Samuel 30:12

And they gave him a piece of a cake of figs, and two clusters of raisins: and when he had eaten, his spirit came again to him: for he had eaten no bread, nor drunk any water, three days and three nights.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
gave	וַיִּתְּנוּ vai.yi.te.nu-	H5414	to give · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
piece	פֶ֨לַח Fe.lach	H6400	a slice · noun, common feminine singular construct
cake	דְּבֵלָ֜ה de.ve.Lah	H1690	a cake of pressed figs · noun, common feminine singular absolute
two	וּשְׁנֵ֤י u.she.Nei	H8147	two · conjunction + noun, common both genders dual construct
raisins	צִמֻּקִים֙ tzi.mu.Kim	H6778	a cake of dried grapes · noun, common masculine plural absolute
eaten	וַיֹּ֔אכַל vai.Yo.khal	H398	to eat (literally or figuratively) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
spirit	רוּח֖וֹ ru.Cho	H7307	wind · noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
again	וַתָּ֥שָׁב va.Ta.shov	H7725	to turn back (hence · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular
eaten	אָ֤כַל 'A.khal	H398	to eat (literally or figuratively) · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
bread	לֶ֙חֶם֙ le.chem	H3899	food (for man or beast) · noun, common masculine singular absolute
drunk	שָׁ֣תָה Sha.tah	H8354	to imbibe (literally or figuratively) · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
water	מַ֔יִם Ma.yim	H4325	water · noun, common masculine plural absolute
three	שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה she.lo.Shah	H7969	three · noun, common both genders singular absolute
days	יָמִ֖ים ya.Mim	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · noun, common masculine plural absolute
three	וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה u.she.lo.Shah	H7969	three · conjunction + noun, common both genders singular absolute
nights	לֵילֽוֹת lei.Lot	H3915	properly · noun, common feminine plural absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Judges 15:19 But God clave an hollow place that was in the jaw, and there came water thereout; and when he had drunk, his spirit came again, and he reviv…
1 Samuel 14:27 But Jonathan heard not when his father charged the people with the oath: wherefore he put forth the end of the rod that was in his hand, and…
1 Samuel 30:13 And David said unto him, To whom belongest thou? and whence art thou? And he said, I am a young man of Egypt, servant to an Amalekite; and m…
Esther 4:16 Go, gather together all the Jews that are present in Shushan, and fast ye for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day: I also…
Isaiah 40:29-31 He giveth power to the faint; and to them that have no might he increaseth strength.
Jonah 1:17 Now the LORD had prepared a great fish to swallow up Jonah. And Jonah was in the belly of the fish three days and three nights.
Matthew 27:63 Saying, Sir, we remember that that deceiver said, while he was yet alive, After three days I will rise again.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Samuel 30:7-20

Solomon observes that the righteous is delivered out of trouble and the wicked cometh in his stead, that the just falleth seven times a-day and riseth again; so it was with David. Many were his troubles, but the Lord delivered him out of them all, and particularly out of this of which we have here an account. I. He enquired of the Lord both concerning his duty - Shall I pursue after this troop? and concerning the event - Shall I overtake them? Sa1 30:8. It was a great advantage to David that he had the high priest with him and the breast-plate of judgment, which, as a public person, he might consult in all his affairs, Num 27:21. We cannot think that he left Abiathar and the ephod at Ziklag,…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Samuel 30:11

they found an Egyptian in the field, and brought him to David--Old and homeborn slaves are usually treated with great kindness. But a purchased or captured slave must look to himself; for, if feeble or sick, his master will leave him to perish rather than encumber himself with any additional burden. This Egyptian seems to have recently fallen into the hands of an Amalekite, and his master having belonged to the marauding party that had made the attack on Ziklag, he could give useful information as to the course taken by them on their return.

Adam Clarke on 1 Samuel 30:12

A cake of figs - See on Sa1 25:18 (note).

John Gill on 1 Samuel 30:12

And they gave him a piece of cake of figs,.... That were dried and pressed together, and made into cakes: and two clusters of raisins; or dried grapes, as the Targum: and when he had eaten, his spirit came again to him; he seemed to be quite dispirited, almost lifeless, but upon eating some food he was refreshed, and his spirits revived, and he was capable of conversing: for he had eaten no bread, nor drank any water, three days and three nights; that is, one whole day, and part of two days, as appears from 1 Samuel 30:13.

The Church Fathers

Who, when he had eaten, etc. When he had received the nourishment of the true faith, he also received the confidence of mind by which he would hope to obtain the grace of mercy.
— Bede, Commentary on Samuel

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Amalekites — a nomadic tribe of uncertain origin, which occupied the peninsula of Sinai and the wilderness intervening between the southern hill-ranges of Palestine and the border of Egypt. (Numbers 13:29; 1…
Fig — First mentioned in Gen. 3:7. The fig-tree is mentioned (Deut. 8:8) as one of the valuable products of Palestine. It was a sign of peace and prosperity (1 Kings 4:25; Micah 4:4; Zech. 3:10). Figs were…
Raisins — Dried grapes; mentioned 1 Sam. 25:18; 30:12; 2 Sam. 16:1; 1 Chr. 12:40.
Robbery — Practised by the Ishmaelites (Gen. 16:12), the Chaldeans and Sabeans (Job 1:15, 17), and the men of Shechem (Judg. 9:25. See also 1 Sam. 27:6-10; 30; Hos. 4:2; 6:9). Robbers infested Judea in our…
Abiathar · .Consults the ephod for David — .Consults the ephod for David
Abigail · .Taken — .Taken
Amalekites · General references — General references
Amalekites, The · Pursued and slain by David — Pursued and slain by David
Diet Of The Jews, The · Articles used for: Dried fruit — Articles used for: Dried fruit
Fig · Dried and preserved — Dried and preserved
Fig Tree, The · Fruit of: Eaten dried in cakes — Fruit of: Eaten dried in cakes
Food · .Dried fruit — .Dried fruit
Raisins · Given to the starving Egyptian to revive him

1 Samuel 30:12

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Samuel 30:7-20

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Samuel 30:11

Adam Clarke on 1 Samuel 30:12

John Gill on 1 Samuel 30:12

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

1 Samuel 30:12

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 1 Samuel 30:7-20

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Samuel 30:11

Adam Clarke on 1 Samuel 30:12

John Gill on 1 Samuel 30:12

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on 1 Samuel 30:11-12

Tyndale Open Study Notes on 1 Samuel 30:11-12

Rashi on 1 Samuel 30:10