2 Chronicles 13:1

Now in the eighteenth year of king Jeroboam began Abijah to reign over Judah.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
eighteenth	שְׁמוֹנֶ֥ה she.mo.Neh	H8083	a cardinal number · noun, common both genders singular absolute
year	בִּשְׁנַ֛ת bish.Nat	H8141	a year (as a revolution of time) · preposition + noun, common feminine singular construct
king	לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ la.Me.lekh	H4428	a king · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
Jeroboam	יָרָבְעָ֑ם ya.ra.ve.'Am	H3379	Jarobam · proper noun, a man's name
Abijah	אֲבִיָּ֖ה 'a.vi.Yah	H29	Abijah · proper noun, a man's name
reign	וַיִּמְלֹ֥ךְ vai.yim.Lokh	H4427	to reign · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Judah	יְהוּדָֽה ye.hu.Dah	H3063	Jehudah (or Judah) · proper noun, a place name

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

2 Chronicles 12:16 And Rehoboam slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David: and Abijah his son reigned in his stead.
1 Kings 15:1-8 Now in the eighteenth year of king Jeroboam the son of Nebat reigned Abijam over Judah.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 2 Chronicles 13:1-12

Abijah's mother was called Maachah, the daughter of Absalom, Ch2 11:20; here she is called Michaiah, the daughter of Uriel. It is most probable that she was a grand-daughter of Absalom, by his daughter Tamar (Sa2 14:27), and that her immediate father was this Uriel. But we are here to attend Abijah into the field of battle with Jeroboam king of Israel. I. God gave him leave to engage with Jeroboam, and owned him in the conflict, though he would not permit Rehoboam to do it, Ch2 11:4. 1. Jeroboam, it is probable, was now the aggressor, and what Abijah did was in his own necessary defence. Jeroboam, it may be, happening to survive Rehoboam, claimed the crown of Judah be survivorship, at least…

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John Gill on 2 Chronicles 13:1

Now in the eighteenth year of King Jeroboam began Abijah to reign over Judah.; see Gill on 1 Kings 15:1.

Keil & Delitzsch on 2 Chronicles 13:1-2

The commencement and duration of the reign, as in Kg1 15:1-2. Abijah's mother is here (Ch2 13:2) called Michaiah instead of Maachah, as in Ch2 11:20 and Kg1 15:2, but it can hardly be a second name which Maachah had received for some unknown reason; probably מיכיהו is a mere orthographical error for מעכה. She is here called, not the daughter = granddaughter of Abishalom, but after her father, the daughter of Uriel of Gibeah; see on Ch2 11:20. (Note: Against this Bertheau remarks, after the example of Thenius: "When we consider that the wife of Abijah and mother of Asa was also called Maachah, Kg1 15:13; Ch2 15:16, and that in Kg1 15:2 this Maachah is again called the daughter of Abishalom, a…

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Tyndale Open Study Notes on 2 Chronicles 13:1

Abijah is called Abijam in Kings (e.g., 1 Kgs 15:1). Abijam, possibly the Canaanite form of his name, would mean “my father is Yam.” Yam was the Canaanite sea-god prominent in the Baal stories (see study note on Job 7:12). Abijah means “my father is Yah,” the usual short form for Yahweh, the God of Judah. Abijah reigned from 913 to 910 BC.

Dictionary and topics

Abijah — Father (i.e., “possessor or worshipper”) of Jehovah. (1.) 1 Chr. 7:8. (2.) 1 Chr. 2:24. (3.) The second son of Samuel (1 Sam. 8:2; 1 Chr. 6:28). His conduct, along with that of his brother, as a…
Kings · Who reigned over Judah: Abijam or Abijah — Who reigned over Judah: Abijam or Abijah

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).