2 Chronicles 24:1

Joash was seven years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name also was Zibiah of Beersheba.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
Joash	יֹאָ֣שׁ yo.'Ash	H3101	Joash · proper noun, a man's name
seven	שֶׁ֤בַע She.va'	H7651	seven (as the sacred full one) · noun, common both genders singular absolute
years	שָׁנִים֙ sha.Nim	H8141	a year (as a revolution of time) · noun, common masculine plural absolute
old	בֶּן ben-	H1121	a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine singular construct
reign	בְּמָלְכ֔וֹ be.ma.le.Kho	H4427	to reign · preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
reigned	מָלַ֖ךְ ma.Lakh	H4427	to reign · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
forty	וְאַרְבָּעִ֣ים ve.'ar.ba.'Im	H705	forty · conjunction + noun, common masculine plural absolute
years	שָׁנָ֔ה sha.Nah	H8141	a year (as a revolution of time) · noun, common feminine singular absolute
Jerusalem	בִּֽירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם bi.ru.sha.Lim	H3389	Jerushalaim or Jerushalem · preposition + proper noun, a place name
mother’s	אִמּ֔וֹ 'i.Mo	H517	a mother (as the bond of the family) · noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
name	וְשֵׁ֣ם ve.Shem	H8034	an appellation · conjunction + noun, common masculine singular construct
Zibiah	צִבְיָ֖ה tziv.Yah	H6645	Tsibjah · proper noun, a woman's name
Beer-sheba	מִבְּאֵ֥ר mi.be.'Er	H884	Beer-Sheba · preposition + proper noun, a place name

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

2 Kings 11:21-12:15 Seven years old was Jehoash when he began to reign.
1 Chronicles 3:11 Joram his son, Ahaziah his son, Joash his son,

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 2 Chronicles 24:1-14

This account of Joash's good beginnings we had as it stands here Kg2 12:1, etc., though the latter part of this chapter, concerning his apostasy, we had little of there. What is good in men we should take all occasions to speak of and often repeat it; what is evil we should make mention of but sparingly, and no more than is needful. We shall here only observe, 1. That it is a happy thing for young people, when they are setting out in the world, to be under the direction of those that are wise and good and faithful to them, as Joash was under the influence of Jehoiada, during whose time he did that which was right. Let those that are young reckon it a blessing to them, and not a burden and ch…

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Adam Clarke on 2 Chronicles 24:1

Joash was seven years old - As he was hidden six years in the temple, and was but seven when he came to the throne, he could have been but one year old when he was secreted by his aunt; see on Ch2 22:10 (note).

John Gill on 2 Chronicles 24:1

Joash was seven years old when he began to reign,.... This, and the following verse, are the same with 2 Kings 11:21. See Gill on 2 Kings 12:1. See Gill on 2 Kings 12:2.

Tyndale Open Study Notes on 2 Chronicles 24:1

Joash reigned from 835 to 796 BC.

Henry, Jamieson-Fausset-Brown, Clarke, Gill, Calvin and Keil & Delitzsch are in the public domain; Tyndale Open Study Notes © Tyndale House Publishers, CC BY-SA 4.0 — all from the Free Use Bible API (bible.helloao.org). Rashi: the Rosenbaum & Silbermann Pentateuch (public domain) and the Judaica Press and Metsudah Tanakh (CC BY), via Sefaria. Spurgeon's Treasury of David: public domain (lyteword's markdown edition, CC0).

The Church Fathers

If in a small parish one advanced in years is not to be found, let some younger person who has a good report among his neighbors and is esteemed by them worthy of the office of a bishop—who has carried himself from his youth with meekness and regularity, like a much elder person—after examination and a general good report, be ordained in peace.… Joash governed the people at seven years of age. Wherefore, although the person is young, let him be meek, gentle and quiet.
— Apostolic Constitutions, CONSTITUTIONS OF THE HOLY APOSTLES 2.1

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Zibiah — The mother of King Joash (2 Kings 12:1; 2 Chr. 24:1).
Zibiah · Wife of Ahaziah — Wife of Ahaziah

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).