2 Chronicles 28:12 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
2 Chronicles 28:12
Then certain of the heads of the children of Ephraim, Azariah the son of Johanan, Berechiah the son of Meshillemoth, and Jehizkiah the son of Shallum, and Amasa the son of Hadlai, stood up against them that came from the war,
a man in general (singly or collectively) · noun, common masculine plural absolute
heads
מֵרָאשֵׁ֣יme.ra.Shei
H7218
the head (as most easily shaken) · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct
children
בְנֵֽיve.nei-
H1121
a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine plural construct
Ephraim
אֶפְרַ֗יִם'ef.Ra.yim
H669
Ephrajim · proper noun, a man's name
Azariah
עֲזַרְיָ֤הוּ'a.zar.Ya.hu
H5838
Azarjah · proper noun, a man's name
son
בֶןven-
H1121
a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine singular construct
Johanan
יְהֽוֹחָנָן֙ye.ho.cha.Nan
H3076
Jehochanan · proper noun, a man's name
Berechiah
בֶּרֶכְיָ֣הוּbe.rekh.Ya.hu
H1296
Berekjah · proper noun, a man's name
son
בֶןven-
H1121
a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine singular construct
Meshillemoth
מְשִׁלֵּמ֔וֹתme.shi.le.Mot
H4919
Meshillemoth · proper noun, a man's name
Jehizkiah
וִֽיחִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙vi.chiz.ki.Ya.hu
H3169
Jechizkijah · conjunction + proper noun, a man's name
son
בֶּןben-
H1121
a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine singular construct
Shallum
שַׁלֻּ֔םsha.Lum
H7967
Shallum · proper noun, a man's name
Amasa
וַעֲמָשָׂ֖אva.'a.ma.Sa'
H6021
Amasa · conjunction + proper noun, a man's name
son
בֶּןben-
H1121
a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine singular construct
Hadlai
חַדְלָ֑יchad.Lai
H2311
Chadlai · proper noun, a man's name
up
וַיָּקֻ֨מוּvai.ya.Ku.mu
H6965
to rise (in various applications · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
came
הַבָּאִ֖יםha.ba.'Im
H935
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) · definite article + verb, qal active participle, masculine plural absolute
war
הַצָּבָֽאha.tza.Va'
H6635
a mass of persons (or figuratively · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
1 Chronicles 28:1 And David assembled all the princes of Israel, the princes of the tribes, and the captains of the companies that ministered to the king by c…
Jeremiah 26:6 Then will I make this house like Shiloh, and will make this city a curse to all the nations of the earth.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on 2 Chronicles 28:6-15
We have here,
I. Treacherous Judah under the rebukes of God's providence, and they are very severe. Never was such bloody work made among them since they were a kingdom, and by Israelites too. Ahaz walked in the ways of the kings of Israel, and the king of Israel was the instrument God made use of for his punishment. It is just with God to make those our plagues whom we make our patterns or make ourselves partners with in sin. A war broke out between Judah and Israel, in which Judah was worsted. For, 1. There was a great slaughter of men in the field of battle. Vast numbers (120,000 men, and valiant men too at other times) were slain (Ch2 28:6) and some of the first rank, the king's son for…
the children of Israel carried away captive of their brethren two hundred thousand--These captives included a great number of women, boys, and girls, a circumstance which creates a presumption that the Hebrews, like other Orientals, were accompanied in the war by multitudes of non-combatants (see on Jdg 4:8). The report of these "brethren," being brought as captives to Samaria, excited general indignation among the better-disposed inhabitants; and Oded, a prophet, accompanied by the princes (Ch2 28:12 compared with Ch2 28:14), went out, as the escort was approaching, to prevent the disgraceful outrage of introducing such prisoners into the city. The officers of the squadron were, of course,…
But a prophet of the Lord - whose name was Oded - To this beautiful speech nothing can be added by the best comment; it is simple, humane, pious, and overwhelmingly convincing: no wonder it produced the effect mentioned here. That there was much of humanity in the heads of the children of Ephraim who joined with the prophet on this occasion, the fifteenth verse sufficiently proves. They did not barely dismiss these most unfortunate captives, but they took that very spoil which their victorious army had brought away; and they clothed, fed, shod, and anointed, these distressed people, set the feeblest of them upon asses, and escorted them safely to Jericho. We can scarcely find a parallel to t…
Dictionary and topics
Ahaz — Possessor. (1.) A grandson of Jonathan (1 Chr. 8:35; 9:42). (2.) The son and successor of Jotham, king of Judah (2 Kings 16; Isa. 7-9; 2 Chr. 28). He gave himself up to a life of wickedness and…
Amasa — Burden. (1.) The son of Abigail, a sister of king David (1 Chr. 2:17; 2 Sam. 17:25). He was appointed by David to command the army in room of his cousin Joab (2 Sam. 19:13), who afterwards…
Azariah — Whom Jehovah helps. (1.) Son of Ethan, of the tribe of Judah (1 Chr. 2:8). (2.) Son of Ahimaaz, who succeeded his grandfather Zadok as high priest (1 Chr. 6:9; 1 Kings 4:2) in the days of Solomon. He…
Berechiah — Blessed by Jehovah. (1.) Son of Shimea, and father of Asaph the musician (1 Chr. 6:39; 15:17). (2.) One of the seven Ephraimite chieftains, son of Meshillemoth (2 Chr. 28:12). (3.) The fourth of the…
Captive — One taken in war. Captives were often treated with great cruelty and indignity (1 Kings 20:32; Josh. 10:24; Judg. 1:7; 2 Sam. 4:12; Judg. 8:7; 2 Sam. 12:31; 1 Chr. 20:3). When a city was taken by…
Hadlai — Resting, an Ephraimite; the father of Amasa, mentioned in 2 Chr. 28:12.
Jehizkiah — Jehovah strengthens, one of the chiefs of Ephraim (2 Chr. 28:12).
Jehohanan — Jehovah-granted, Jeroboam II. (1.) A Korhite, the head of one of the divisions of the temple porters (1 Chr. 26:3). (2.) One of Jehoshaphat’s “captains” (2 Chr. 17:15). (3.) The father of Azariah (2…
Johanan — Whom Jehovah graciously bestows. (1.) One of the Gadite heroes who joined David in the desert of Judah (1 Chr. 12:12). (2.) The oldest of King Josiah’s sons (1 Chr. 3:15). (3.) Son of Careah, one of…
Meshillemoth — Requitals. (1.) The father of Berechiah (2 Chr. 28:12). (2.) A priest, the son of Immer (Neh. 11:13).
Oded — Restoring, or setting up. (1.) Father of the prophet Azariah (2 Chr. 15:1, 8). (2.) A prophet in the time of Ahaz and Pekah (2 Chr. 28:9-15).
Then certain of the heads of the children of Ephraim,.... Of the principal men of the ten tribes, whose names follow:
Azariah the son of Johanan, Berechiah the son of Meshillemoth, and Jehizkiah the son of Shallum, and Amasa the son of Hadlai, stood up against them that came from the war; who were bringing the captives and spoils to Samaria; but these princes, being influenced by what the prophet said, hindered their proceeding any further.
Keil & Delitzsch on 2 Chronicles 28:9-15
The liberation of the prisoners. - In Samaria there was a prophet of the Lord (i.e., not of the Jahve there worshipped in the calf images, but of the true God, like Hosea, who also at that time laboured in the kingdom of the ten tribes), Oded by name. He went forth to meet the army returning with the prisoners and the booty, as Azariha-ben-Oded (Ch2 15:2) once went to meet Asa; pointed out to the warriors the cruelty of their treatment of their brethren, and the guilt, calling to Heaven for vengeance, which they thereby incurred; and exhorted them to turn away the anger of God which was upon them, by sending back the prisoners. To soften the hearts of the rude warriors, and to gain them for…
The Chronicler expresses a positive attitude toward the north with the term relatives (literally brothers). • now the Lord’s fierce anger has been turned against you: Later, during Ahaz’s reign, the kingdom of Israel would be destroyed and exiled (722 BC, 2 Kgs 17:5-23).
Rashi on 2 Chronicles 28:7
Maaseiah, the king’s son [I.e., the son of] Ahaz. Zichri, a mighty man of Ephraim slew [him].
and Azrikam - Heb. וְאֶת וְאֶת, similar to (Gen. 36:24): “and Aiah and Anah (וְאַיָּה וְעַנָה),” and similarly, (Ps. 76:7): “and chariot and horse (וָרֶכֶב וָסוּס) were stunned.”
Pekah — Open-eyed, the son of Remaliah a captain in the army of Pekahiah, king of Israel, whom he slew, with the aid of a band of Gileadites, and succeeded (B.C. 758) on the throne (2 Kings 15:25). Seventeen…
Shallum — Retribution. (1.) The son of Jabesh, otherwise unknown. He “conspired against Zachariah, and smote him before the people, and slew him, and reigned in his stead” (2 Kings 15:10). He reigned only “a…
Amasa · 2. — 2.
Azariah · 13. Chief of the tribe of Ephraim — 13. Chief of the tribe of Ephraim
Berechiah · 2. A warrior of Ephraim — 2. A warrior of Ephraim
Hadlai · An Ephraimite — An Ephraimite
Jehizkiah · General references — General references
Jericho · on account of the — on account of the
Johanan · 6. An Ephraimite — 6. An Ephraimite
Kings · Who reigned over Judah: Ahaz — Who reigned over Judah: Ahaz
Meshillemoth · the Israelites to ensalve their — the Israelites to ensalve their
Shallum · 9. Father of Jehizkiah — 9. Father of Jehizkiah
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
