2 Chronicles 34:1

Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem one and thirty years.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
Josiah	יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ yo.shi.Ya.hu	H2977	Joshijah · proper noun, a man's name
eight	שְׁמוֹנֶ֥ה she.mo.Neh	H8083	a cardinal number · noun, common both genders singular absolute
years	שָׁנִ֖ים sha.Nim	H8141	a year (as a revolution of time) · noun, common masculine plural absolute
old	בֶּן ben-	H1121	a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine singular construct
reign	בְמָלְכ֑וֹ ve.ma.le.Kho	H4427	to reign · preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
reigned	מָלַ֖ךְ ma.Lakh	H4427	to reign · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Jerusalem	בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם bi.ru.sha.Lim	H3389	Jerushalaim or Jerushalem · preposition + proper noun, a place name
one	וְאַחַת֙ ve.'a.Chat	H259	properly · conjunction + noun, common feminine singular construct
thirty	וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים u.she.lo.Shim	H7970	thirty · conjunction + noun, common masculine plural absolute
years	שָׁנָ֔ה sha.Nah	H8141	a year (as a revolution of time) · noun, common feminine singular absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Jeremiah 1:2 To whom the word of the LORD came in the days of Josiah the son of Amon king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign.
Zephaniah 1:1 The word of the LORD which came unto Zephaniah the son of Cushi, the son of Gedaliah, the son of Amariah, the son of Hizkiah, in the days of…
1 Samuel 2:18 But Samuel ministered before the LORD, being a child, girded with a linen ephod.
1 Samuel 2:26 And the child Samuel grew on, and was in favour both with the LORD, and also with men.
1 Kings 3:7-9 And now, O LORD my God, thou hast made thy servant king instead of David my father: and I am but a little child: I know not how to go out or…
1 Kings 13:2 And he cried against the altar in the word of the LORD, and said, O altar, altar, thus saith the LORD; Behold, a child shall be born unto th…
2 Kings 22:1-20 Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned thirty and one years in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Jedidah, the…
1 Chronicles 3:14-15 Amon his son, Josiah his son.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 2 Chronicles 34:1-7

Concerning Josiah we are here told, 1. That he came to the crown when he was very young, only eight years old (yet his infancy did not debar him from his right), and he reigned thirty-one years (Ch2 34:1), a considerable time. I fear, however, that in the beginning of his reign things went much as they had done in his father's time, because, being a child, he must have left the management of them to others; so that it was not till his twelfth year, which goes far in the number of his years, that the reformation began, Ch2 34:3. He could not, as Hezekiah did, fall about it immediately. 2. That he reigned very well (Ch2 34:2), approved himself to God, trod in the steps of David, and did not de…

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John Gill on 2 Chronicles 34:1

Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign,.... Of these two verses; see Gill on 2 Kings 22:1; see Gill on 2 Kings 22:2.

Keil & Delitzsch on 2 Chronicles 34:1-2

Duration and spirit of Josiah's reign; agreeing with Kg2 22:1, Kg2 22:2, only the note as to Josiah's mother being here omitted.

Tyndale Open Study Notes on 2 Chronicles 34:1

Josiah’s reign of thirty-one years was from 640 to 609 BC.

Henry, Jamieson-Fausset-Brown, Clarke, Gill, Calvin and Keil & Delitzsch are in the public domain; Tyndale Open Study Notes © Tyndale House Publishers, CC BY-SA 4.0 — all from the Free Use Bible API (bible.helloao.org). Rashi: the Rosenbaum & Silbermann Pentateuch (public domain) and the Judaica Press and Metsudah Tanakh (CC BY), via Sefaria. Spurgeon's Treasury of David: public domain (lyteword's markdown edition, CC0).

The Church Fathers

With zeal immense, Josiah, Himself a prince, acted in such a way As no one before or after him had ever done!—Idols he Dethroned; destroyed unhallowed temples; burned With fire priests on their altars; all the bones Of false prophets were dug up; the altars burned, The carcasses to be consumed did serve For fuel!
— Pseudo-Tertullian, FIVE BOOKS IN REPLY TO MARCION 3.184-191

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Covenant — A contract or agreement between two parties. In the Old Testament the Hebrew word berith is always thus translated. Berith is derived from a root which means “to cut,” and hence a covenant is a…
Josiah — Healed by Jehovah, or Jehovah will support. The son of Amon, and his successor on the throne of Judah (2 Kings 22:1; 2 Chr. 34:1). His history is contained in 2 Kings 22, 23. He stands foremost among…
Josiah · .Piety of: exemplified in his repairing of the temple — .Piety of: exemplified in his repairing of the temple
Kings · Who reigned over Judah: Josiah — Who reigned over Judah: Josiah
Simeon · .Idolatry of — .Idolatry of

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).