2 Kings 18:9

And it came to pass in the fourth year of king Hezekiah, which was the seventh year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, that Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up against Samaria, and besieged it.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
fourth	הָֽרְבִיעִית֙ ha.re.vi.'It	H7243	fourth · definite article + ordinal number, feminine singular absolute
year	בַּשָּׁנָ֤ה ba.sha.Nah	H8141	a year (as a revolution of time) · preposition with the article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
king	לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ la.Me.lekh	H4428	a king · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
Hezekiah	חִזְקִיָּ֔הוּ chiz.ki.Ya.hu	H2396	Chizkijah · proper noun, a man's name
seventh	הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ית ha.she.vi.'It	H7637	seventh · definite article + ordinal number, feminine singular absolute
year	הַשָּׁנָ֣ה ha.sha.Nah	H8141	a year (as a revolution of time) · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
Hoshea	לְהוֹשֵׁ֥עַ le.ho.She.a'	H1954	Hoshea · preposition + proper noun, a man's name
son	בֶּן ben-	H1121	a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine singular construct
Elah	אֵלָ֖ה 'e.Lah	H425	Elah · proper noun, a man's name
king	מֶ֣לֶךְ Me.lekh	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל Yis.ra.'El	H3478	Jisrael · proper noun, a place name
Shalmaneser	שַׁלְמַנְאֶ֧סֶר shal.man.'E.ser	H8022	Shalmaneser · proper noun, a man's name
king	מֶֽלֶךְ Me.lekh-	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Assyria	אַשּׁ֛וּר 'a.Shur	H804	Ashshur · proper noun, a place name
up	עָלָ֞ה 'a.Lah	H5927	to ascend · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Samaria	שֹׁמְר֖וֹן sho.me.Ron	H8111	Shomeron · proper noun, a place name
besieged	וַיָּ֥צַר vai.Ya.tzar	H6696	to cramp · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Hosea 10:14 Therefore shall a tumult arise among thy people, and all thy fortresses shall be spoiled, as Shalman spoiled Beth-arbel in the day of battle…
2 Kings 17:3-23 Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became his servant, and gave him presents.
2 Kings 18:1 Now it came to pass in the third year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, that Hezekiah the son of Ahaz king of Judah began to reign.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 2 Kings 18:9-16

The kingdom of Assyria had now grown considerable, though we never read of it till the last reign. Such changes there are in the affairs of nations and families: those that have been despicable become formidable, and those, on the contrary, are brought low that have made a great noise and figure. We have here an account, I. Of the success of Shalmaneser, king of Assyria, against Israel, his besieging Samaria (Kg2 18:9), taking it (Kg2 18:10), and carrying the people into captivity (Kg2 18:11), with the reason why God brought this judgment upon them (Kg2 18:12): Because they obeyed not the voice of the Lord their God. This was related more largely in the foregoing chapter, but it is here repe…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Kings 18:7

he rebelled against the king of Assyria--that is, the yearly tribute his father had stipulated to pay, he, with imprudent haste, withdrew. Pursuing the policy of a truly theocratic sovereign, he was, through the divine blessing which rested on his government, raised to a position of great public and national strength. Shalmaneser had withdrawn from Palestine, being engaged perhaps in a war with Tyre, or probably he was dead. Assuming, consequently, that full independent sovereignty which God had settled on the house of David, he both shook off the Assyrian yoke, and, by an energetic movement against the Philistines, recovered from that people the territory which they had taken from his fathe…

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Adam Clarke on 2 Kings 18:9

In the fourth year - This history has been already given, Kg2 17:3, etc.

John Gill on 2 Kings 18:9

And it came to pass in the fourth year of King Hezekiah,.... In the beginning of it: which was the seventh year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel: the beginning of his seventh: that Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up against Samaria, and besieged it; see 2 Kings 17:5.

Dictionary and topics

Assyria — The name derived from the city Asshur on the Tigris, the original capital of the country, was originally a colony from Babylonia, and was ruled by viceroys from that kingdom. It was a mountainous…
Exile — (1.) Of the kingdom of Israel. In the time of Pekah, Tiglath-pileser II. carried away captive into Assyria (2 Kings 15:29; comp. Isa. 10:5, 6) a part of the inhabitants of Galilee and of Gilead (B.C.…
Moabite — The designation of a tribe descended from Moab, the son of Lot (Gen. 19:37). From Zoar, the cradle of this tribe, on the south-eastern border of the Dead Sea, they gradually spread over the region on…
Samaria — A watch-mountain or a watch-tower. In the heart of the mountains of Israel, a few miles north-west of Shechem, stands the “hill of Shomeron,” a solitary mountain, a great “mamelon.” It is an oblong…
Sargon — (In the inscriptions, “Sarra-yukin” [the god] has appointed the king; also “Sarru-kinu,” the legitimate king.) On the death of Shalmaneser (B.C. 723), one of the Assyrian generals established himself…
Shalman — An Assyrian king (Hos. 10:14), identified with Shalmaneser II. (Sayce) or IV. (Lenormant), the successor of Pul on the throne of Assyria (B.C. 728). He made war against Hoshea, the king of Israel,…
Shalmaneser — (fire-worshipper) was the Assyrian king who reigned probably between Tiglath-Pileser and Sargon, B.C. 727-722. He led the forces of Assyria into Palestine, where Hoshea, the last king of Israel, had…
Assyria · Shalmaneser — Shalmaneser
Captivity · Of the ten tribes — Of the ten tribes
Disobedience To God · Exemplified: Israel — Exemplified: Israel
Hoshea · .Last king of Israel

2 Kings 18:9

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 2 Kings 18:9-16

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Kings 18:7

Adam Clarke on 2 Kings 18:9

John Gill on 2 Kings 18:9

Dictionary and topics

2 Kings 18:9

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 2 Kings 18:9-16

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Kings 18:7

Adam Clarke on 2 Kings 18:9

John Gill on 2 Kings 18:9

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on 2 Kings 18:9-12

Tyndale Open Study Notes on 2 Kings 18:9-12

Rashi on 2 Kings 18:7