2 Samuel 20:12

And Amasa wallowed in blood in the midst of the highway. And when the man saw that all the people stood still, he removed Amasa out of the highway into the field, and cast a cloth upon him, when he saw that every one that came by him stood still.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
Amasa	וַעֲמָשָׂ֛א va.'a.ma.Sa'	H6021	Amasa · conjunction + proper noun, a man's name
wallowed	מִתְגֹּלֵ֥ל mit.go.Lel	H1556	to roll (literally or figuratively) · verb, hithpael active participle, masculine singular absolute
blood	בַּדָּ֖ם ba.Dam	H1818	blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or… · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
midst	בְּת֣וֹךְ be.Tokh	H8432	a bisection · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct
highway	הַֽמְסִלָּ֑ה ha.me.si.Lah	H4546	a thoroughfare (as turnpiked) · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
man	הָאִ֜ישׁ ha.'Ish	H376	a man as an individual or a male person · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
saw	וַיַּ֨רְא vai.Yar'	H7200	to see · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
people	הָעָ֗ם ha.'Am	H5971	a people (as a congregated unit) · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
still	עָמַ֣ד 'a.Mad	H5975	to stand · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
removed	וַיַּסֵּב֩ vai.ya.Sev	H5437	to revolve · conjunction + verb, hiphil sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Amasa	עֲמָשָׂ֨א 'a.ma.Sa'	H6021	Amasa · proper noun, a man's name
highway	הַֽמְסִלָּ֤ה ham.si.Lah	H4546	a thoroughfare (as turnpiked) · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
field	הַשָּׂדֶה֙ ha.sa.Deh	H7704	a field (as flat) · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
cast	וַיַּשְׁלֵ֤ךְ vai.yash.Lekh	H7993	to throw out · conjunction + verb, hiphil sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
cloth	בֶּ֔גֶד Be.ged	H899	a covering · noun, common masculine singular absolute
saw	רָאָ֔ה ra.'Ah	H7200	to see · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
came	הַבָּ֥א ha.Ba'	H935	to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) · definite article + verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
still	וְעָמָֽד ve.'a.Mad	H5975	to stand · conjunction + verb, qal sequential perfect, 3rd person masculine singular

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Psalms 9:16 The LORD is known by the judgment which he executeth: the wicked is snared in the work of his own hands. Higgaion. Selah.
Proverbs 24:21-22 My son, fear thou the LORD and the king: and meddle not with them that are given to change:
2 Samuel 17:25 And Absalom made Amasa captain of the host instead of Joab: which Amasa was a man’s son, whose name was Ithra an Israelite, that went in to…
Psalms 55:23 But thou, O God, shalt bring them down into the pit of destruction: bloody and deceitful men shall not live out half their days; but I will…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 2 Samuel 20:4-13

We have here Amasa's fall just as he began to rise. He was nephew to David (Sa2 17:25), had been Absalom's general and commander-in-chief of his rebellious army, but, that being routed, he came over into David's interest, upon a promise that he should be general of his forces instead of Joab. Sheba's rebellion gives David an occasion to fulfil his promise sooner than he could wish, but Joab's envy and emulation rendered its fulfillment of ill consequence both to him and David. I. Amasa has a commission to raise forces for the suppressing of Sheba's rebellion, and is ordered to raise them with all possible expedition, Sa2 20:4. It seems, the men of Judah, though forward to attend the king's t…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 20:11

He that favoureth Joab, and he that is for David, let him go after Joab--It is a striking proof of Joab's unrivalled influence over the army, that with this villainous murder perpetrated before their eyes they unanimously followed him as their leader in pursuit of Sheba. A soldier conjoined his name with David's, and such a magic spell was in the word "Joab," that all the people "went on"--Amasa's men as well as the rest. The conjunction of these two names is very significant. It shows that the one could not afford to do without the other--neither Joab to rebel against David, nor David to get rid of Joab, though hating him.

Adam Clarke on 2 Samuel 20:12

Amasa wallowed in blood - It is very likely that Amasa did not immediately die; I have known instances of persons living several hours after their bowels had been shed out.

John Gill on 2 Samuel 20:12

And Amasa wallowed in blood in the midst of the highway,.... By which it seems, that though the wound was mortal, and of which he died, that as yet there was life in him, and through the pain he was in, and the pangs of death on him, he rolled himself about in his own blood in the high road, where the fact was committed: and when the man saw that all the people stood still; gazing at the shocking sight, and could not be prevailed upon to go on: he removed Amasa out of the highway into the field; which was adjoining to it: and cast a cloth upon him; that the body might not be seen: when he saw that everyone that came by him stood still; and so retarded the people in their march, to preven…

Dictionary and topics

Amasa — Burden. (1.) The son of Abigail, a sister of king David (1 Chr. 2:17; 2 Sam. 17:25). He was appointed by David to command the army in room of his cousin Joab (2 Sam. 19:13), who afterwards…
David — Beloved, the eighth and youngest son of Jesse, a citizen of Bethlehem. His father seems to have been a man in humble life. His mother’s name is not recorded. Some think she was the Nahash of 2 Sam.…
Joab — Jehovah is his father. (1.) One of the three sons of Zeruiah, David’s sister, and “captain of the host” during the whole of David’s reign (2 Sam. 2:13; 10:7; 11:1; 1 Kings 11:15). His father’s name…
Sheba — An oath, seven. (1.) Heb. shebha, the son of Raamah (Gen. 10:7), whose descendants settled with those of Dedan on the Persian Gulf. (2.) Heb. id. A son of Joktan (Gen. 10:28), probably the founder of…
Abishai · Overthrows Sheba — Overthrows Sheba
Amasa · .Sam — .Sam
Joab · .Kills Amasa — .Kills Amasa

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

2 Samuel 20:12

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 2 Samuel 20:4-13

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 20:11

Adam Clarke on 2 Samuel 20:12

John Gill on 2 Samuel 20:12

Dictionary and topics

2 Samuel 20:12

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on 2 Samuel 20:4-13

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 20:11

Adam Clarke on 2 Samuel 20:12

John Gill on 2 Samuel 20:12

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on 2 Samuel 20:1-22

Tyndale Open Study Notes on 2 Samuel 20:10

Rashi on 2 Samuel 20:12