2 Samuel 23:8

These be the names of the mighty men whom David had: The Tachmonite that sat in the seat, chief among the captains; the same was Adino the Eznite: he lift up his spear against eight hundred, whom he slew at one time.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
names	שְׁמ֥וֹת she.Mot	H8034	an appellation · noun, common feminine plural construct
men	הַגִּבֹּרִ֖ים ha.gi.bo.Rim	H1368	powerful · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
David	לְדָוִ֑ד le.da.Vid	H1732	David · preposition + proper noun, a man's name
Tachmonite	תַּחְכְּמֹנִ֣י tach.ke.mo.Ni	H8461	Tachkemoni · noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute
sat	יָשַׁב yâshab	H3427	properly
seat	שֶׁבֶת shebeth	H7675	properly
chief	רֹ֣אשׁ rosh	H7218	the head (as most easily shaken) · noun, common masculine singular construct
captains	הַשָּׁלִשִׁ֗י ha.sha.li.Shi	H7991	a triple · definite article + ordinal number, masculine singular absolute
Adino	עֲדִינ֣וֹ a.di.No	H5722	his spear · proper noun, a man's name
Eznite	הָֽעֶצְנִ֔י ha.'etz.ni	H6112	a spear · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
eight	שְׁמֹנֶ֥ה she.mo.Neh	H8083	a cardinal number · noun, common both genders singular absolute
hundred	מֵא֛וֹת me.'ot	H3967	a hundred · noun, common feminine plural absolute
slew	חָלָ֖ל cha.Lal	H2491	pierced (especially to death) · adjective, masculine singular absolute
one	אֶחָֽת 'e.chad	H259	properly · noun, common feminine singular absolute
time	בְּפַ֥עַם be.Fa.'am	H6471	a stroke · preposition + noun, common feminine singular absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

1 Chronicles 11:11-47 And this is the number of the mighty men whom David had; Jashobeam, an Hachmonite, the chief of the captains: he lifted up his spear against…
1 Chronicles 27:2 Over the first course for the first month was Jashobeam the son of Zabdiel: and in his course were twenty and four thousand.
1 Chronicles 27:32 Also Jonathan David’s uncle was a counsellor, a wise man, and a scribe: and Jehiel the son of Hachmoni was with the king’s sons:

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Adam Clarke on 2 Samuel 23:8

These be the names of the mighty men - This chapter should be collated with the parallel place, 1 Chronicles 11:11-47; and see Kennicott's First Dissertation on the printed Hebrew text, pages 64-471. The Tachmonite that sat in the seat - Literally and properly, Jashobeam the Hachmonite. See Ch1 11:11. The same was Adino the Eznite - This is a corruption for he lift up his spear. See Ch1 11:11. Eight hundred, whom he slew at one time - Three hundred is the reading in Chronicles, and seems to be the true one. The word חלל chalal, which we translate slain, should probably be translated soldiers, as in the Septuagint, στρατιωτας; he withstood three hundred Soldiers at one time. See the note on D…

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John Gill on 2 Samuel 23:8

These be the names of the mighty men whom David had,.... Besides Joab his general, who is not mentioned; for these were all military men under him, which are distinguished into three classes; the first and highest consisted of three only, who were general officers; and the second also of three, who perhaps were colonels of regiments; and the third of thirty, who were captains of thousands and hundreds: the Tachmonite that sat in the seat, the chief among the captains: not in the chief seat in the sanhedrim, and was the head of that, and so had the name of Tachmonite, from his wisdom, as the Jewish writers say; but in the council of war, where he presided under the general, or in his absence…

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Keil & Delitzsch on 2 Samuel 23:8–end

The following list of David's heroes we also find in 1 Chron 11:10-47, and expanded at the end by sixteen names (Ch1 11:41-47), and attached in Ch1 11:10 to the account of the conquest of the fortress of Zion by the introduction of a special heading. According to this heading, the heroes named assisted David greatly in his kingdom, along with all Israel, to make him king, from which it is evident that the chronicler intended by this heading to justify his appending the list to the account of the election of David as king over all the tribes of Israel (Ch1 11:1), and of the conquest of Zion, which followed immediately afterwards. In every other respect the two lists agree with one another, ex…

The Church Fathers

"He is like the most delicate worm of wood." [2 Samuel 23:8] This is said of the wisest leader of David's mighty men, whose name indeed is not mentioned in the Book of Kings, but in the Book of Chronicles he is called Jeshbaam and is noted to have been the son of Hachmoni (I Chron. XI). "He is like the most delicate worm of wood" (II Sam. XXIII, 8). This signifies both the man's martial strength and his modest civility, as he appeared, like a woodworm, indeed tender and fragile in his whole body, and even very small, yet nonetheless consumed and hollowed out the strongest wood, rendering it decayed. Hence, the woodworm takes its name from gnawing through wood. In the same way, he seemed to be affable to all at home, quiet and humble; yet in public battle, he showed himself to be a lion, strong and unbearable to his enemies.
— Bede, Questions on the Book of Kings #9

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Adino — The Eznite, one of David’s mighty men (2 Sam. 23:8). (See JASHOBEAM.)
Adino, Or Adino, The Eznite — (2 Samuel 23:8) See Jashobeam.
Chief of the three — A title given to Adino the Eznite, one of David’s greatest heroes (2 Sam. 23:8); also called Jashobeam (1 Chr. 11:11).
Eznite, The — According to the statement of (2 Samuel 23:8) Adino the Eznite was another name for Jashobeam, a Tachmonite. (1 Chronicles 11:11) (Probably the words are a corruption for the Hebrew “he lifted up his…
Giants — (1.) Heb. nephilim, meaning “violent” or “causing to fall” (Gen. 6:4). These were the violent tyrants of those days, those who fell upon others. The word may also be derived from a root signifying…
Jashobeam — Dweller among the people; or to whom the people turn, the Hachmonite (1 Chr. 11:11), one of David’s chief heroes who joined him at Ziklag (12:6). He was the first of the three who broke through the…
Tachmonite — =Hach’monite, a name given to Jashobeam (2 Sam. 23:8; comp. 1 Chr. 11:11).
Tachmonite, The — “The Tachmonite that sat in the seat,” chief among David’s captains, (2 Samuel 23:8) Isa in 1Chr 11:11 Called “Jashobeam an Hachmonite,” or, as the margin gives it, “son of Hachmoni.” Kennicott has…
Adino · One of David’s valiant men — One of David’s valiant men
Jashobeam · 1. One of David’s warriors — 1. One of David’s warriors
Philistines · David: Often defeated in the course of his reign — David: Often defeated in the course of his reign
Spear · An offensive weapon

2 Samuel 23:8

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Adam Clarke on 2 Samuel 23:8

John Gill on 2 Samuel 23:8

Keil & Delitzsch on 2 Samuel 23:8–end

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

2 Samuel 23:8

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Adam Clarke on 2 Samuel 23:8

John Gill on 2 Samuel 23:8

Keil & Delitzsch on 2 Samuel 23:8–end

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Tyndale Open Study Notes on 2 Samuel 23:8-39

Rashi on 2 Samuel 23:8