Daniel 1:5

And the king appointed them a daily provision of the king’s meat, and of the wine which he drank: so nourishing them three years, that at the end thereof they might stand before the king.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
king	הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ ha.Me.lekh	H4428	a king · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
appointed	וַיְמַן֩ vay.Man	H4487	properly · conjunction + verb, piel sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
daily	י֣וֹם Yom	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · noun, common masculine singular absolute
provision	דְּבַר de.var-	H1697	a word · noun, common masculine singular construct
king’s	הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ ha.Me.lekh	H4428	a king · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
meat	מִפַּת mi.pat-	H6598	a dainty · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct
wine	וּמִיֵּ֣ין u.mi.Yein	H3196	wine (as fermented) · conjunction + preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct
drank	מִשְׁתָּ֔יו mish.Tav	H4960	drink · noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
nourishing	וּֽלְגַדְּלָ֖ם u.le.ga.de.Lam	H1431	to be (causatively make) large (in various senses · conjunction + preposition + verb, piel infinitive construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
three	שָׁל֑וֹשׁ sha.Lo.osh	H7969	three · cardinal number, both genders singular absolute
years	שָׁנִ֣ים sha.Nim	H8141	a year (as a revolution of time) · noun, common masculine plural absolute
end	וּמִ֨קְצָתָ֔ם u.Mik.tza.Tam	H7117	a termination (literally or figuratively) · conjunction + preposition + noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
stand	יַֽעַמְד֖וּ ya.'am.Du	H5975	to stand · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
before	לִפְנֵ֥י lif.Nei	H6440	the face (as the part that turns) · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct
king	הַמֶּֽלֶךְ ha.Me.lekh	H4428	a king · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Daniel 1:19 And the king communed with them; and among them all was found none like Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah: therefore stood they before…
1 Kings 10:8 Happy are thy men, happy are these thy servants, which stand continually before thee, and that hear thy wisdom.
Daniel 1:8 But Daniel purposed in his heart that he would not defile himself with the portion of the king’s meat, nor with the wine which he drank: the…
Genesis 41:46 And Joseph was thirty years old when he stood before Pharaoh king of Egypt. And Joseph went out from the presence of Pharaoh, and went throu…
1 Samuel 16:22 And Saul sent to Jesse, saying, Let David, I pray thee, stand before me; for he hath found favour in my sight.
1 Kings 4:22-23 And Solomon’s provision for one day was thirty measures of fine flour, and threescore measures of meal,
2 Kings 25:30 And his allowance was a continual allowance given him of the king, a daily rate for every day, all the days of his life.
2 Chronicles 9:7 Happy are thy men, and happy are these thy servants, which stand continually before thee, and hear thy wisdom.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Daniel 1:1-7

We have in these verses an account, I. Of the first descent which Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, in the first year of his reign, made upon Judah and Jerusalem, in the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim, and his success in that expedition (Dan 1:1, Dan 1:2.): He besieged Jerusalem, soon made himself master of it, seized the king, took whom he pleased and what he pleased away with him, and then left Jehoiakim to reign as tributary to him, which he did about eight years longer, but then rebelled, and it was his ruin. Now from this first captivity most interpreters think the seventy years are to be dated, though Jerusalem was not destroyed, nor the captivity completed, till about nineteen ye…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Daniel 1:5

king's meat--It is usual for an Eastern king to entertain, from the food of his table, many retainers and royal captives (Jer 52:33-34). The Hebrew for "meat" implies delicacies. stand before the king--as attendant courtiers; not as eunuchs.

Adam Clarke on Daniel 1:5

A daily provision - Athenaeus, lib. iv., c. 10, says: The kings of Persia, (who succeeded the kings of Babylon, on whose empire they had seized), were accustomed to order the food left at their own tables to be delivered to their courtiers. So nourishing them three years - This was deemed a sufficient time to acquire the Chaldee language, and the sciences peculiar to that people. I suppose they had good introductory books, able teachers, and a proper method; else they would have been obliged, like us, to send their children seven years to school, and as many to the university, to teach them any tolerable measure of useful and ornamental literature! O how reproachful to the nations of Europe,…

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John Gill on Daniel 1:5

And the king appointed them a daily provision of the king's meat,.... Every day a portion was ordered them, from the king's table, of the richest dainties he himself ate of; which was done not only as an act of royal munificence and generosity, and in respect of their birth and breeding; but also as a bait and snare to allure and entice them, to make them in love with the country and condition in which they were, and to forget their own; as well also in order to preserve their well favoured look and good complexion, and fit them for their study of language and literature; which might be hindered for want of the necessaries of life, or by living on gross and coarse food: and of the wine whic…

The Church Fathers

So here he informs us of the king's generosity in providing them with nourishment that was not of an ordinary kind fit for captives and slaves; instead, he gave orders for them to share in the king's table. Shortly afterward he mentions their self-control and sound values, not indulging in self-glorification but proposing a beneficial lesson to those prepared to accept benefit. It is possible to see also the moderation in his thinking: after mentioning above that the king ordered young men of royal birth to be chosen, fair to behold and of becoming stature, and citing at this point the persons' names, he simply referred to the tribe of Judah and concealed their royal connections.
— Theodoret of Cyrus, COMMENTARY ON DANIEL 1:5-6

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Daniel — God is my judge, or judge of God. (1.) David’s second son, “born unto him in Hebron, of Abigail the Carmelitess” (1 Chr. 3:1). He is called also Chileab (2 Sam. 3:3). (2.) One of the four great…
Daniel, The Book Of — stands at the head of a series of writings in which the deepest thoughts of the Jewish people found expression after their close of the prophetic era. Daniel is composed partly in the vernacular…
Hananiah — Jehovah has given. (1.) A chief of the tribe of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:24). (2.) One of the sons of Heman (1 Chr. 25:4, 23). (3.) One of Uzziah’s military officers (2 Chr. 26:11). (4.) Grandfather of the…
Meshach — The title given to Mishael, one of the three Hebrew youths who were under training at the Babylonian court for the rank of Magi (Dan. 1:7; 2:49; 3:12-30). This was probably the name of some Chaldean…
Babylon · Treatment of the Jews in — Treatment of the Jews in
Civil Service · SCHOOL FOR — SCHOOL FOR
Government · Civil service school provi — Civil service school provi
Palaces · Of kings: Afforded support to all the King’s retainers — Of kings: Afforded support to all the King’s retainers
School · State — State
Statecraft · School in — School in
Wine · .Of Daniel — .Of Daniel

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Daniel 1:5

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Daniel 1:1-7

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Daniel 1:5

Adam Clarke on Daniel 1:5

John Gill on Daniel 1:5

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Daniel 1:5

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Daniel 1:1-7

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Daniel 1:5

Adam Clarke on Daniel 1:5

John Gill on Daniel 1:5

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Daniel 1:5

Keil & Delitzsch on Daniel 1:3-7

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Daniel 1:5

Rashi on Daniel 1:5