Esther 1:19

If it please the king, let there go a royal commandment from him, and let it be written among the laws of the Persians and the Medes, that it be not altered, That Vashti come no more before king Ahasuerus; and let the king give her royal estate unto another that is better than she.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
please	טוֹב ṭôwb	H2895	to be (transitively
king	הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ ha.Me.lekh	H4428	a king · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
go	יֵצֵ֤א ye.Tze'	H3318	to go (causatively · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
royal	מַלְכוּת֙ mal.Khut	H4438	a rule · noun, common feminine singular absolute
commandment	דְבַר de.var-	H1697	a word · noun, common masculine singular construct
him	מִלְּפָנָ֔יו mi.le.fa.Nav	H6440	the face (as the part that turns) · preposition + preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
written	וְיִכָּתֵ֛ב ve.yi.ka.Tev	H3789	to grave · conjunction + verb, niphal, 3rd person masculine singular
laws	בְּדָתֵ֥י be.da.Tei	H1881	a royal edict or statute · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct
Persians	פָֽרַס fa.ras-	H6539	Paras (i.e. Persia) · proper noun, a place name
Medes	וּמָדַ֖י u.ma.Dai	H4074	Madai · conjunction + proper noun, a place name
altered	יַעֲב֑וֹר ya.'a.Vor	H5674	to cross over · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Vashti	וַשְׁתִּ֗י vash.Ti	H2060	Vashti · proper noun, a woman's name
come	תָב֜וֹא ta.Vo'	H935	to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular
before	לִפְנֵי֙ lif.Nei	H6440	the face (as the part that turns) · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct
king	הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ ha.Me.lekh	H4428	a king · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
Ahasuerus	אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ 'a.chash.ve.Ro.osh	H325	Achashverosh (i.e. Ahasuerus or Artaxerxes · proper noun, a man's name
king	הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ ha.Me.lekh	H4428	a king · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
give	יִתֵּ֣ן yi.Ten	H5414	to give · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
estate	וּמַלְכוּתָהּ֙ u.mal.khu.Tah	H4438	a rule · conjunction + noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person feminine singular
another	לִרְעוּתָ֖הּ lir.'u.Tah	H7468	a female associate · preposition + noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person feminine singular
better	ט֗וֹב Tov	H2896	good (as an adjective) in the widest sense · adjective, masculine singular absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

1 Samuel 15:28 And Samuel said unto him, The LORD hath rent the kingdom of Israel from thee this day, and hath given it to a neighbour of thine, that is be…
Esther 8:8 Write ye also for the Jews, as it liketh you, in the king’s name, and seal it with the king’s ring: for the writing which is written in the…
Esther 3:9 If it please the king, let it be written that they may be destroyed: and I will pay ten thousand talents of silver to the hands of those tha…
Esther 8:5 And said, If it please the king, and if I have found favour in his sight, and the thing seem right before the king, and I be pleasing in his…
Daniel 6:8-15 Now, O king, establish the decree, and sign the writing, that it be not changed, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which alter…
Daniel 6:17 And a stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den; and the king sealed it with his own signet, and with the signet of his lords; t…
1 Kings 3:28 And all Israel heard of the judgment which the king had judged; and they feared the king: for they saw that the wisdom of God was in him, to…
Esther 1:21 And the saying pleased the king and the princes; and the king did according to the word of Memucan:

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 1:10–end

We have here a damp to all the mirth of Ahasuerus's feast; it ended in heaviness, not as Job's children's feast by a wind from the wilderness, not as Belshazzar's by a hand-writing on the wall, but by is own folly. An unhappy falling out there was, at the end of the feast, between the king and queen, which broke of the feast abruptly, and sent the guests away silent and ashamed. I. It was certainly the king's weakness to send for Vashti into his presence when he was drunk, and in company with abundance of gentlemen, many of whom, it is likely, were in the same condition. When his heart was merry with wine nothing would serve him but Vashti must come, well dressed as she was, with the crown o…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 1:13

Then the king said to the wise men--These were probably the magi, without whose advice as to the proper time of doing a thing the Persian kings never did take any step whatever; and the persons named in Est 1:14 were the "seven counsellors" (compare Ezr 7:14) who formed the state ministry. The combined wisdom of all, it seems, was enlisted to consult with the king what course should be taken after so unprecedented an occurrence as Vashti's disobedience of the royal summons. It is scarcely possible for us to imagine the astonishment produced by such a refusal in a country and a court where the will of the sovereign was absolute. The assembled grandees were petrified with horror at the daring…

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Adam Clarke on Esther 1:19

That it be not altered - Let it be inserted among the permanent laws, and made a part of the constitution of the empire. Perhaps the Persians affected such a degree of wisdom in the construction of their laws, that they never could be amended, and should never be repeated. And this we may understand to be the ground of the saying, The laws of the Medes and Persians, that change not.

John Gill on Esther 1:19

Dictionary and topics

Shushan — A lily, the Susa of Greek and Roman writers, once the capital of Elam. It lay in the uplands of Susiana, on the east of the Tigris, about 150 miles to the north of the head of the Persian Gulf. It is…
Divorce · in the Persian empire — in the Persian empire
Husband · .Ahasuerus — .Ahasuerus
Medes · An essential part of the Medo-Persian Empire — An essential part of the Medo-Persian Empire
Memucan · divorce Queen Vashti — divorce Queen Vashti
Persia · courtiers — courtiers
Queen · Divorce — Divorce
Vashti · banquet — banquet
Wife · Incorruptible, Vashti — Incorruptible, Vashti

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Esther 1:19

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 1:10–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 1:13

Adam Clarke on Esther 1:19

John Gill on Esther 1:19

Dictionary and topics

Esther 1:19

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 1:10–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 1:13

Adam Clarke on Esther 1:19

John Gill on Esther 1:19

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on Esther 1:19-20

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Esther 1:19

Rashi on Esther 1:19