Esther 1:9

Also Vashti the queen made a feast for the women in the royal house which belonged to king Ahasuerus.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
Vashti	וַשְׁתִּ֣י vash.Ti	H2060	Vashti · proper noun, a woman's name
queen	הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה ha.mal.Kah	H4436	a queen · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
made	עָשְׂתָ֖ה 'a.se.Tah	H6213	to do or make · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular
feast	מִשְׁתֵּ֣ה mish.Teh	H4960	drink · noun, common masculine singular construct
women	נָשִׁ֑ים na.Shim	H802	a woman · noun, common masculine plural absolute
royal	הַמַּלְכ֔וּת ha.mal.Khut	H4438	a rule · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
house	בֵּ֚ית beit	H1004	a house (in the greatest variation of applications · noun, common masculine singular construct
king	לַמֶּ֥לֶךְ la.Me.lekh	H4428	a king · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
Ahasuerus	אֲחַשְׁוֵרֽוֹשׁ 'a.chash.ve.Ro.osh	H325	Achashverosh (i.e. Ahasuerus or Artaxerxes · proper noun, a man's name

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Esther 5:4 And Esther answered, If it seem good unto the king, let the king and Haman come this day unto the banquet that I have prepared for him.
Esther 5:8 If I have found favour in the sight of the king, and if it please the king to grant my petition, and to perform my request, let the king and…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 1:1-9

Which of the kings of Persia this Ahasuerus was the learned are not agreed. Mordecai is said to have been one of those that were carried captive from Jerusalem (Est 2:5, Est 2:6), whence it should seem that this Ahasuerus was one of the first kings of that empire. Dr. Lightfoot thinks that he was that Artaxerxes who hindered the building of the temple, who is called also Ahasuerus (Ezr 4:6, Ezr 4:7), after his great-grandfather of the Medes, Dan 9:1. We have here an account, I. Of the vast extent of his dominion. In the time of Darius and Cyrus there were but 120 princes (Dan 6:1); now there were 127, from India to Ethiopia, Est 1:1. It had become an over-grown kingdom, which in time would s…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 1:9

Also Vashti the queen made a feast for the women--The celebration was double; for, as according to the Oriental fashion, the sexes do not intermingle in society, the court ladies were entertained in a separate apartment by the queen.

Adam Clarke on Esther 1:9

Also Vashti the queen - Vashti is a mere Persian word; and signifies a beautiful or excellent woman. Made a feast for the women - The king, having subdued all his enemies, left no competitor for the kingdom; and being thus quietly and firmly seated on the throne, made this a time of general festivity. As the women of the East never mingle with the men in public, Vashti made a feast for the Persian ladies by themselves; and while the men were in the court of the garden, the women were in the royal house.

John Gill on Esther 1:9

Also Vashti the queen made a feast for the women.... For it was not customary with the Persians, nor other eastern nations, to admit of women to their festivals (m), but they feasted by themselves. Who Vashti was is not known with any certainty. Bishop Usher, who takes Ahasuerus to be Darius Hystaspis, thinks Vashti was Atossa, the daughter of Cyrus, whom he married. The Targumist says, she was the daughter of Evilmerodach, the son of Nebuchadnezzar. Her name seems to be the same with Vesta, a deity worshipped by the Persians, as Xenophon (n), and signifies vehement fire, which was in great veneration with them; and therefore this queen is most likely to be of Persian original: she kept her…

The Church Fathers

The person of Queen Vashti provides a clear expression of the Jewish people who themselves appeared to reign as queen when they were found to prevail over all the other nations in the worship of the one God. Therefore when she gave a banquet for the women where the king used to linger, this symbolized the Jewish people who demonstrated their observance of the law in the worship they performed in Jerusalem where the temple and the Holy of Holies used to be.
— Rabanus Maurus, EXPLANATION ON THE BOOK OF ESTHER 2

"Vashti the queen also held a feast for the women in the palace where King Ahasuerus liked to stay." Queen Vashti must symbolize the Jewish people, which at the time seemed to have ruled like a queen since it was found to stand apart from all the other nations in its worship of a single God. So she held a feast for the women where the king would liked to stay; that is, in Jerusalem itself—the site of the Temple of God and the Holy of Holies—it demonstrated its observance of the Law in worship or rather by meditating on the Holy Scriptures, through which it supplied to its members the refreshment of spiritual knowledge by granting them the awareness of their power from Heaven.
— Rabanus Maurus, Commentary on Esther

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Shushan — A lily, the Susa of Greek and Roman writers, once the capital of Elam. It lay in the uplands of Susiana, on the east of the Tigris, about 150 miles to the north of the head of the Persian Gulf. It is…
Diet Of The Jews, The · Men and women did not partake of together — Men and women did not partake of together
Entertainments · Men and women did not usually meet at — Men and women did not usually meet at
Feasts · .Men alone present at — .Men alone present at
Palaces · Of kings: Called the royal house — Of kings: Called the royal house
Queen · Makes feasts for the women of the royal househol — Makes feasts for the women of the royal househol
Vashti · banquet — banquet

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Esther 1:9

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 1:1-9

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 1:9

Adam Clarke on Esther 1:9

John Gill on Esther 1:9

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Esther 1:9

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 1:1-9

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 1:9

Adam Clarke on Esther 1:9

John Gill on Esther 1:9

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on Esther 1:9-11

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Esther 1:9

Rashi on Esther 1:8