Esther 8:13

The copy of the writing for a commandment to be given in every province was published unto all people, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
copy	פַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶן pat.She.gen	H6572	a transcript · noun, common masculine singular construct
writing	הַכְּתָ֗ב ha.ke.Tav	H3791	something written · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
commandment	דָּת֙ dat	H1881	a royal edict or statute · noun, common feminine singular absolute
given	לְהִנָּ֤תֵֽן le.hi.Na.ten	H5414	to give · preposition + verb, niphal infinitive construct
province	מְדִינָ֣ה me.di.Nah	H4082	properly · noun, common feminine singular absolute
published	גָּל֖וּי ga.Lui	H1540	to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense) · verb, qal passive participle, masculine singular absolute
people	הָעַמִּ֑ים ha.'a.Mim	H5971	a people (as a congregated unit) · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
Jews	הַיְּהוּדִ֤ים hai.ye.hu.di.yim	H3064	a Jehudite (i.e. Judaite or Jew) · definite article + noun, gentilic masculine plural absolute
ready	עֲתִידִים֙ a.tu.dim	H6264	prepared · adjective, masculine plural absolute
day	לַיּ֣וֹם lai.Yom	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
avenge	לְהִנָּקֵ֖ם le.hi.na.Kem	H5358	to grudge · preposition + verb, niphal infinitive construct
enemies	מֵאֹיְבֵיהֶֽם me.'o.ye.vei.Hem	H341	hating · preposition + verb, qal active participle, masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Esther 3:14 The copy of the writing for a commandment to be given in every province was published unto all people, that they should be ready against tha…
Revelation 6:10 And they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on th…
Judges 16:28 And Samson called unto the LORD, and said, O Lord GOD, remember me, I pray thee, and strengthen me, I pray thee, only this once, O God, that…
Psalms 37:14-15 The wicked have drawn out the sword, and have bent their bow, to cast down the poor and needy, and to slay such as be of upright conversatio…
Psalms 68:23 That thy foot may be dipped in the blood of thine enemies, and the tongue of thy dogs in the same.
Psalms 92:10-11 But my horn shalt thou exalt like the horn of an unicorn: I shall be anointed with fresh oil.
Psalms 149:6-9 Let the high praises of God be in their mouth, and a twoedged sword in their hand;
Luke 18:7 And shall not God avenge his own elect, which cry day and night unto him, though he bear long with them?

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 8:3-14

Haman, the chief enemy of the Jews, was hanged, Mordecai and Esther, their chief friends, were sufficiently protected; but many others there were in the king's dominions that hated the Jews and desired their ruin, and to their rage and malice all the rest of that people lay exposed; for the edict against them was still in force, and, in pursuance of it, their enemies would on the day appointed fall upon them, and they would be deemed as rebels against the king and his government if they should offer to resist and take up arms in their own defence. For the preventing of this, I. The queen here makes intercession with much affection and importunity. She came, a second time, uncalled into the k…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 8:11

the king granted the Jews . . . to stand for their life . . . to slay . . . all . . . that would assault them--The fixed and unalterable character claimed for Persian edicts often placed the king in a very awkward dilemma; for, however bitterly he might regret things done in a moment of haste and thoughtlessness, it was beyond even his power to prevent the consequences. This was the reason on account of which the king was laid under a necessity not to reverse, but to issue a contradictory edict; according to which it was enacted that if, pursuant to the first decree, the Jews were assaulted, they might, by virtue of the second, defend themselves and even slay their enemies. However strange a…

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Adam Clarke on Esther 8:11

To destroy, to slay, and to cause to perish - The same words as in Haman's decree: therefore the Jews had as much authority to slay their enemies, as their enemies had to slay them. Little ones and women - This was the ordinary custom, to destroy the whole family of those convicted of great crimes; and whether this was right or wrong, it was the custom of the people, and according to the laws. Besides, as this edict was to give the Jews the same power against their enemies as they had by the former decree against them, and the women and children were there included; consequently they must be included here.

Dictionary and topics

Proclamation · Imperial — Imperial

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Esther 8:13

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 8:3-14

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 8:11

Adam Clarke on Esther 8:11

Dictionary and topics

Esther 8:13

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 8:3-14

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 8:11

Adam Clarke on Esther 8:11

Dictionary and topics

John Gill on Esther 8:13

Keil & Delitzsch on Esther 8:9-14

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Esther 8:13

Rashi on Esther 8:13