Esther 9:19

Therefore the Jews of the villages, that dwelt in the unwalled towns, made the fourteenth day of the month Adar a day of gladness and feasting, and a good day, and of sending portions one to another.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
Jews	הַיְּהוּדִ֣ים hai.ye.hu.Dim	H3064	a Jehudite (i.e. Judaite or Jew) · definite article + noun, gentilic masculine plural absolute
villages	הַפְּרָזִ֗ים ha.pe.ro.zim	H6521	a rustic · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
dwelt	הַיֹּשְׁבִים֮ hai.yo.she.Vim	H3427	properly · definite article + verb, qal active participle, masculine plural absolute
unwalled	הַפְּרָזוֹת֒ ha.pe.ra.zOt	H6519	an open country · definite article + noun, common feminine plural absolute
towns	בְּעָרֵ֣י be.'a.Rei	H5892	a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the wi… · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct
made	עֹשִׂ֗ים 'o.Sim	H6213	to do or make · verb, qal active participle, masculine plural absolute
fourteenth	אַרְבָּעָ֤ה 'ar.ba.'Ah	H702	four · cardinal number, both genders singular absolute
day	י֣וֹם Yom	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · noun, common masculine singular construct
month	לְחֹ֣דֶשׁ le.Cho.desh	H2320	the new moon · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct
Adar	אֲדָ֔ר 'a.Dar	H143	Adar · proper noun, a title
gladness	שִׂמְחָ֥ה sim.Chah	H8057	blithesomeness or glee · noun, common feminine singular absolute
feasting	וּמִשְׁתֶּ֖ה u.mish.Teh	H4960	drink · conjunction + noun, common masculine singular absolute
good	ט֑וֹב Tov	H2896	good (as an adjective) in the widest sense · adjective, masculine singular absolute
day	וְי֣וֹם ve.Yom	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · conjunction + noun, common masculine singular absolute
sending	וּמִשְׁל֥וֹחַ u.mish.Lo.ach	H4916	a sending out · conjunction + noun, common masculine singular construct
portions	מָנ֖וֹת ma.Not	H4490	properly · noun, common feminine plural absolute
one	אִ֥ישׁ 'ish	H376	a man as an individual or a male person · noun, common masculine singular absolute
another	לְרֵעֵֽהוּ le.re.'E.hu	H7453	an associate (more or less close) · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Esther 8:17 And in every province, and in every city, whithersoever the king’s commandment and his decree came, the Jews had joy and gladness, a feast a…
Deuteronomy 16:14 And thou shalt rejoice in thy feast, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy manservant, and thy maidservant, and the Levite, the stran…
Nehemiah 8:10-12 Then he said unto them, Go your way, eat the fat, and drink the sweet, and send portions unto them for whom nothing is prepared: for this da…
Esther 9:22 As the days wherein the Jews rested from their enemies, and the month which was turned unto them from sorrow to joy, and from mourning into…
Revelation 11:10 And they that dwell upon the earth shall rejoice over them, and make merry, and shall send gifts one to another; because these two prophets…
Deuteronomy 16:11 And thou shalt rejoice before the LORD thy God, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy manservant, and thy maidservant, and the Levite…
Deuteronomy 3:5 All these cities were fenced with high walls, gates, and bars; beside unwalled towns a great many.
Psalms 118:11-16 They compassed me about; yea, they compassed me about: but in the name of the LORD I will destroy them.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 9:1-19

We have here a decisive battle fought between the Jews and their enemies, in which the Jews were victorious. Neither side was surprised; for both had notice of it long enough before, so that it was a fair trial of skill between them. Nor could either side call the other rebels, for they were both supported by the royal authority. I. The enemies of the Jews were the aggressors. They hoped, notwithstanding the latter edict, to have power over them, by virtue of the former (Est 9:1), and made assaults upon them accordingly; they formed themselves into bodies, and joined in confederacy against them, to seek their hurt, Est 9:2. The Chaldee paraphrase says that none appeared against the Jews but…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 9:19

a day of . . . feasting . . . of sending portions one to another--The princes and people of the East not only invite their friends to feasts, but it is their custom to send a portion of the banquet to those who cannot well come to it, especially their relations, and those who are detained at home in a state of sorrow or distress.

Adam Clarke on Esther 9:19

The Jews of the villages - They joined that to the preceding day, and made it a day of festivity, and of sending portions to each other; that is, the rich sent portions of the sacrifices slain on this occasion to the poor, that they also might be enabled to make the day a day of festivity; that as the sorrow was general, so also might the joy be. It is worthy of remark that the ancient Itala or Ante-hieronymian version of this book omits the whole of these nineteen verses. Query, Were they originally in this book?

John Gill on Esther 9:19

Therefore the Jews of the villages, that dwelt in the unwalled towns, made the fourteenth day of the month Adar a day of gladness and feasting,.... Jarchi observes that those in the villages, who are they that do not dwell in walled towns, observed the fourteenth, and they in towns surrounded with walls the fifteenth, as Shushan; and this circumvallation, he says, must be what was from the days of Joshua; according to the Jewish canons, every place that was walled from the days of Joshua the son of Nun, whether in the land of Israel or out of it, though not now walled they read (i.e. the book of Esther) on the fifteenth of Adar, and this is called a walled town; but a place which was not wal…

Dictionary and topics

Banquet — A feast provided for the entertainment of a company of guests (Esther 5; 7; 1 Pet. 4:3); such as was provided for our Lord by his friends in Bethany (Matt. 26:6; Mark 14:3; comp. John 12:2). These…
Day · A time of festivity called a: Good day — A time of festivity called a: Good day
Entertainments · Given on occasions of: National deliverance — Given on occasions of: National deliverance
Feast Of Purim, Or Lots, The · Mode of celebrating — Mode of celebrating
Feasts · .National — .National
Presents · Were given: On all occasions of public rejoicing — Were given: On all occasions of public rejoicing

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Esther 9:19

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 9:1-19

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 9:19

Adam Clarke on Esther 9:19

John Gill on Esther 9:19

Dictionary and topics

Esther 9:19

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 9:1-19

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 9:19

Adam Clarke on Esther 9:19

John Gill on Esther 9:19

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on Esther 9:18-19

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Esther 9:19

Rashi on Esther 9:19