Esther 9:31

To confirm these days of Purim in their times appointed, according as Mordecai the Jew and Esther the queen had enjoined them, and as they had decreed for themselves and for their seed, the matters of the fastings and their cry.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
confirm	לְקַיֵּ֡ם le.kai.Yem	H6965	to rise (in various applications · preposition + verb, piel infinitive construct
days	יְמֵי֩ ye.Mei	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · noun, common masculine plural construct
Purim	הַפֻּרִ֨ים ha.pu.Rim	H6332	a lot (as by means of a broken piece) · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
times	בִּזְמַנֵּיהֶ֗ם biz.ma.nei.Hem	H2165	an appointed occasion · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
Mordecai	מָרְדֳּכַ֤י ma.re.do.Khai	H4782	Mordecai · proper noun, a man's name
Jew	הַיְּהוּדִי֙ hai.ye.hu.Di	H3064	a Jehudite (i.e. Judaite or Jew) · definite article + noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute
Esther	וְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר ve.'es.Ter	H635	Ester · conjunction + proper noun, a woman's name
queen	הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה ha.mal.Kah	H4436	a queen · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
enjoined	קִיַּ֨ם ki.Yam	H6965	to rise (in various applications · verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
decreed	קִיְּמ֥וּ ki.ye.Mu	H6965	to rise (in various applications · verb, piel perfect, 3rd person common plural
themselves	נַפְשָׁ֖ם naf.Sham	H5315	properly · noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
seed	זַרְעָ֑ם zar.'Am	H2233	seed · noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
matters	דִּבְרֵ֥י div.Rei	H1697	a word · noun, common masculine plural construct
fastings	הַצֹּמ֖וֹת ha.tzo.Mot	H6685	a fast · definite article + noun, common feminine plural absolute
cry	וְזַעֲקָתָֽם ve.za.'a.ka.Tam	H2201	a shriek or outcry · conjunction + noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Esther 4:3 And in every province, whithersoever the king’s commandment and his decree came, there was great mourning among the Jews, and fasting, and w…
Esther 4:16 Go, gather together all the Jews that are present in Shushan, and fast ye for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day: I also…
Jonah 3:2-9 Arise, go unto Nineveh, that great city, and preach unto it the preaching that I bid thee.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 9:20–end

We may well imagine how much affected Mordecai and Esther were with the triumphs of the Jews over their enemies, and how they saw the issue of that decisive day with a satisfaction proportionable to the care and concern with which they expected it. How were their hearts enlarged with joy in God and his salvation, and what new songs of praise were put into their mouths! But here we are told what course they took to spread the knowledge of it among their people, and to perpetuate the remembrance of it to posterity, for the honour of God and the encouragement of his people to trust in him at all times. I. The history was written, and copies of it were dispersed among all the Jews in all the pro…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 9:26

they called these days Purim after the name of Pur--"Pur," in the Persian language, signifies "lot"; and the feast of Purim, or lots, has a reference to the time having been pitched upon by Haman through the decision of the lot. In consequence of the signal national deliverance which divine providence gave them from the infamous machinations of Haman, Mordecai ordered the Jews to commemorate that event by an anniversary festival, which was to last for two days, in accordance with the two days' war of defense they had to maintain. There was a slight difference in the time of this festival; for the Jews in the provinces, having defended themselves against their enemies on the thirteenth, devot…

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Adam Clarke on Esther 9:31

As they had decreed for themselves and for their seed - There is no mention of their receiving the approbation of any high priest, nor of any authority beyond that of Mordecai and Esther; the king could not join in such a business, as he had nothing to do with the Jewish religion, that not being the religion of the country.

John Gill on Esther 9:31

To confirm these days of Purim in their times appointed,.... The fourteenth and fifteenth of Adar: according as Mordecai the Jew and Esther the queen had enjoined them; in the letters written and signed by them both: and as they had decreed for themselves, and for their seed; see Esther 9:27, the matters of their fastings and their cry; in commemoration of their deliverance from those distresses and calamities which occasioned fastings and prayers during the time of them; and to this sense is the former Targum; though it is certain the Jews observe the thirteenth day, the day before the two days, as a fast, and which they call the fast of Esther (y), and have prayers on the festival days…

Dictionary and topics

Festivals, Religious — There were daily (Lev. 23), weekly, monthly, and yearly festivals, and great stress was laid on the regular observance of them in every particular (Num. 28:1-8; Ex. 29:38-42; Lev. 6:8-23; Ex. 30:7-9;…
Pur, Purim — A lot, lots, a festival instituted by the Jews (Esther 9:24-32) in ironical commemoration of Haman’s consultation of the Pur (a Persian word), for the purpose of ascertaining the auspicious day for…
Feast Of Purim, Or Lots, The · Confirmed by royal authority — Confirmed by royal authority
Purim · from the plot of Haman — from the plot of Haman

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Esther 9:31

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 9:20–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 9:26

Adam Clarke on Esther 9:31

John Gill on Esther 9:31

Dictionary and topics

Esther 9:31

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Esther 9:20–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Esther 9:26

Adam Clarke on Esther 9:31

John Gill on Esther 9:31

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on Esther 9:29–end

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Esther 9:29-32

Rashi on Esther 9:29