Exodus 2:23

And it came to pass in process of time, that the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
process	הָהֵ֗ם ha.Hem	H1992	they (only used when emphatic) · definite article + personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural
time	בַיָּמִ֨ים vai.ya.Mim	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
king	מֶ֣לֶךְ Me.lekh	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Egypt	מִצְרַ֔יִם mitz.Ra.yim	H4714	Mitsrajim · proper noun, a place name
died	וַיָּ֙מָת֙ vai.Ya.mot	H4191	to die (literally or figuratively) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
children	בְנֵֽי ve.nei-	H1121	a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine plural construct
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל Yis.ra.'El	H3478	Jisrael · proper noun, a place name
sighed	וַיֵּאָנְח֧וּ vai.ye.'a.ne.Chu	H584	to sigh · conjunction + verb, niphal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
of	מִן min-	H4480	properly · preposition
bondage	הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה ha.'a.vo.Dah	H5656	work of any kind · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
cried	וַיִּזְעָ֑קוּ vai.yiz.'A.ku	H2199	to shriek (from anguish or danger) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
cry	שַׁוְעָתָ֛ם shav.'a.Tam	H7775	a hallooing · noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
up	וַתַּ֧עַל va.Ta.'al	H5927	to ascend · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular
God	הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים ha.'E.lo.Him	H430	gods in the ordinary sense · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
bondage	הָעֲבֹדָֽה ha.'a.vo.Dah	H5656	work of any kind · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Genesis 18:20-21 And the LORD said, Because the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah is great, and because their sin is very grievous;
James 5:4 Behold, the hire of the labourers who have reaped down your fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth: and the cries of them which…
Exodus 3:7-9 And the LORD said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people which are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmaster…
Exodus 22:22-27 Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child.
Deuteronomy 26:6-7 And the Egyptians evil entreated us, and afflicted us, and laid upon us hard bondage:
Acts 7:30 And when forty years were expired, there appeared to him in the wilderness of mount Sina an angel of the Lord in a flame of fire in a bush.
Genesis 16:11 And the angel of the LORD said unto her, Behold, thou art with child, and shalt bear a son, and shalt call his name Ishmael; because the LOR…
Nehemiah 9:9 And didst see the affliction of our fathers in Egypt, and heardest their cry by the Red sea;

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Exodus 2:23–end

Here is, 1. The continuance of the Israelites' bondage in Egypt, Exo 2:23. Probably the murdering of their infants did not continue; this part of their affliction attended only the period immediately connected with the birth of Moses, and served to signalize it. The Egyptians now were content with their increase, finding that Egypt was enriched by their labour; so that they might have them for slaves, they cared not how many they were. On this therefore they were intent, to keep them all at work, and make the best hand they could of their labour. When one Pharaoh died, another rose up in his place that was governed by the same maxims, and was as cruel to Israel as his predecessors. If there…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 2:23

the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage--The language seems to imply that the Israelites had experienced a partial relaxation, probably through the influence of Moses' royal patroness; but in the reign of her father's successor the persecution was renewed with increased severity. Next: Exodus Chapter 3

Adam Clarke on Exodus 2:23

In process of time - the king of Egypt died - According to St. Stephen, (Act 7:30, compared with Exo 7:7), the death of the Egyptian king happened about forty years after the escape of Moses to Midian. The words ויהי בימים הרבים ההם vayehi baiyamim harabbim hahem, which we translate And it came to pass in process of time, signify, And it was in many days from these that the king, etc. It has already been remarked that Archbishop Usher supposes this king to have been Ramesses Miamun, who was succeeded by his son Amenophis, who was drowned in the Red Sea when pursuing the Israelites, but Abul Farajius says it was Amunfathis, (Amenophis), he who made the cruel edict against the Hebrew children.…

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John Gill on Exodus 2:23

And it came to pass in process of time that the king of Egypt died,.... According to Eusebius, Orus reigned in Egypt when Moses fled from thence, and that two more reigned after him, Acenchres and Achoris, who both died before the deliverance of the children of Israel; but according to Bishop Usher (b), this was the same king of Egypt under whom Moses was born, and from whose face he fled, who died in the sixty seventh year of his reign, Moses being now sixty years of age, and having been in the land of Midian twenty years; and it was about twenty years after this that he was called from hence, to be the deliverer of his people; for things are often put close together in Scripture, which wer…

The Church Fathers

Finally, the Hebrews who groaned in the labors of Egypt obtained the grace of the righteous. And because they ate bread in sorrow, they were given spiritual food. But the Egyptians, who celebrated such works with exultation, serving a detestable king, did not obtain any forgiveness.
— Ambrose of Milan, On Paradise 15.75

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Bondage — Of Israel in Egypt (Ex. 2:23, 25; 5), which is called the “house of bondage” (13:3; 20:2). This word is used also with reference to the captivity in Babylon (Isa. 14:3), and the oppression of the…
Phylacteries — (Gr. phulakteria; i.e., “defences” or “protections”), called by modern Jews tephillin (i.e., “prayers”) are mentioned only in Matt. 23:5. They consisted of strips of parchment on which were inscribed…
Bondage · Of Israelites in Egypt — Of Israelites in Egypt
Prayer, Answers To · Exemplified: Israelites — Exemplified: Israelites

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Exodus 2:23

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Exodus 2:23–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 2:23

Adam Clarke on Exodus 2:23

John Gill on Exodus 2:23

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Exodus 2:23

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Exodus 2:23–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 2:23

Adam Clarke on Exodus 2:23

John Gill on Exodus 2:23

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Exodus 2:23–end

Keil & Delitzsch on Exodus 2:23–end

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Exodus 2:18-20

Rashi on Exodus 2:23