Exodus 28:12

And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD upon his two shoulders for a memorial.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
put	וְשַׂמְתָּ֞ ve.sam.Ta	H7760	to put (used in a great variety of applications · conjunction + verb, qal sequential perfect, 2nd person masculine singular
two	שְׁתֵּ֣י she.Tei	H8147	two · cardinal number, feminine dual construct
stones	הָאֲבָנִ֗ים ha.'a.va.Nim	H68	a stone · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
shoulders	כִּתְפֹ֣ת kit.Fot	H3802	the shoulder (proper · noun, common feminine plural construct
ephod	הָֽאֵפֹ֔ד ha.'e.Fod	H646	a girdle · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
stones	אַבְנֵ֥י 'av.Nei	H68	a stone · noun, common masculine plural construct
memorial	זִכָּרֹ֖ן zi.ka.Ron	H2146	a memento (or memorable thing · noun, common masculine singular absolute
children	לִבְנֵ֣י liv.Nei	H1121	a son (as a builder of the family name) · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל Yis.ra.'El	H3478	Jisrael · proper noun, a place name
Aaron	אַהֲרֹ֨ן 'a.ha.Ron	H175	Aharon · proper noun, a man's name
bear	וְנָשָׂא֩ ve.na.Sa'	H5375	to lift · conjunction + verb, qal sequential perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
names	שְׁמוֹתָ֜ם she.mo.Tam	H8034	an appellation · noun, common feminine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
before	לִפְנֵ֧י lif.Nei	H6440	the face (as the part that turns) · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct
LORD	יְהוָ֛ה Yah.weh	H3068	Jehovah · proper noun, a title
two	שְׁתֵּ֥י she.Tei	H8147	two · cardinal number, feminine dual construct
shoulders	כְתֵפָ֖יו khe.te.Fav	H3802	the shoulder (proper · noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
memorial	לְזִכָּרֹֽן le.zi.ka.Ron	H2146	a memento (or memorable thing · preposition + noun, common masculine singular absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Exodus 28:29 And Aaron shall bear the names of the children of Israel in the breastplate of judgment upon his heart, when he goeth in unto the holy place…
Exodus 39:6-7 And they wrought onyx stones inclosed in ouches of gold, graven, as signets are graven, with the names of the children of Israel.
Joshua 4:7 Then ye shall answer them, That the waters of Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD; when it passed over Jordan, th…
Leviticus 24:7 And thou shalt put pure frankincense upon each row, that it may be on the bread for a memorial, even an offering made by fire unto the LORD.
Numbers 16:40 To be a memorial unto the children of Israel, that no stranger, which is not of the seed of Aaron, come near to offer incense before the LOR…
Numbers 31:54 And Moses and Eleazar the priest took the gold of the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and brought it into the tabernacle of the congr…
Isaiah 9:6 For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful,…
Genesis 9:12-17 And God said, This is the token of the covenant which I make between me and you and every living creature that is with you, for perpetual ge…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Exodus 28:6-14

Directions are here given concerning the ephod, which was the outmost garment of the high priest. Linen ephods were worn by the inferior priests, Sa1 22:18. Samuel wore one when he was a child (Sa1 2:18), and David when he danced before the ark (Sa2 6:14); but this which the high priest only wore was called a golden ephod, because there was a great deal of gold woven into it. It was a short coat without sleeves, buttoned closely to him, with a curious girdle of the same stuff (Exo 28:6-8); the shoulder-pieces were buttoned together with two precious stones set in gold, one on each shoulder, on which were engraven the names of the children of Israel, Exo 28:9-12. In allusion to this, 1. Chris…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 28:6

ephod--It was a very gorgeous robe made of byssus, curiously embroidered, and dyed with variegated colors, and further enriched with golden tissue, the threads of gold being either originally interwoven or afterwards inserted by the embroiderer. It was short--reaching from the breast to a little below the loins--and though destitute of sleeves, retained its position by the support of straps thrown over each shoulder. These straps or braces, connecting the one with the back, the other with the front piece of which the tunic was composed, were united on the shoulder by two onyx stones, serving as buttons, and on which the names of the twelve tribes were engraved, and set in golden encasements.…

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Adam Clarke on Exodus 28:12

Aaron shall bear their names before the Lord - He was to consider that he was the representative of the children of Israel; and the stones on the ephod and the stones on the breastplate were for a memorial to put Aaron in remembrance that he was the priest and mediator of the twelve tribes; and, speaking after the manner of men, God was to be put in mind of the children of Israel, their wants, etc., as frequently as the high priest appeared before him with the breastplate and the ephod. See Exo 28:29.

Dictionary and topics

Carve — The arts of engraving and carving were much practised among the Jews. They were practised in connection with the construction of the tabernacle and the temple (Ex. 31:2, 5; 35:33; 1 Kings 6:18, 35;…
Carving — The arts of carving and engraving were much in request in the construction of both the tabernacle and the temple. (Exodus 31:5; 35:33; 1 Kings 6:18,35; Psalms 74:6) as well as in the ornamentation of…
Embroider — The art of embroidery was known to the Jews (Ex. 26:36; 35:35; 38:23; Judg. 5:30; Ps. 45:14). The skill of the women in this art was seen in the preparation of the sacerdotal robes of the high priest…
High priest — Aaron was the first who was solemnly set apart to this office (Ex. 29:7; 30:23; Lev. 8:12). He wore a peculiar dress, which on his death passed to his successor in office (Ex. 29:29, 30). Besides…
Onyx — A hail; claw; hoof, (Heb. shoham), a precious stone adorning the breast-plate of the high priest and the shoulders of the ephod (Ex. 28:9-12, 20; 35:27; Job 28:16; Ezek. 28:13). It was found in the…
Teraphim — Givers of prosperity, idols in human shape, large or small, analogous to the images of ancestors which were revered by the Romans. In order to deceive the guards sent by Saul to seize David, Michal…
Ephod · . — .
Ephod, The · For the high priest: Shoulders of, joined by onyx stones engraved with names of the twelve tribes of Israel — For the high priest: Shoulders of, joined by onyx stones engraved with names of the twelve tribes of Israel
High Priest, The · Duties of: Bearing before the Lord the names of Israel for a memorial — Duties of: Bearing before the Lord the names of Israel for a memorial
Intercession · OF MAN WITH GOD — OF MAN WITH GOD

Exodus 28:12

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Exodus 28:6-14

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 28:6

Adam Clarke on Exodus 28:12

Dictionary and topics

Exodus 28:12

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Exodus 28:6-14

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 28:6

Adam Clarke on Exodus 28:12

Dictionary and topics

John Gill on Exodus 28:12

John Calvin on Exodus 28:9-29

Keil & Delitzsch on Exodus 28:6-14

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Exodus 28:12

Rashi on Exodus 28:12