Genesis 26:1 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
Genesis 26:1
And there was a famine in the land, beside the first famine that was in the days of Abraham. And Isaac went unto Abimelech king of the Philistines unto Gerar.
first · definite article + ordinal number, masculine singular absolute
famine
הָרָעָ֣בha.ra.'Av
H7458
hunger (more or less extensive) · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
days
בִּימֵ֣יbi.Mei
H3117
a day (as the warm hours) · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct
Abraham
אַבְרָהָ֑ם'av.ra.Ham
H85
Abraham · proper noun, a man's name
Isaac
יִצְחָ֛קyitz.Chak
H3327
Jitschak (or Isaac) · proper noun, a man's name
went
יָלַךְyâlak
H3212
to walk (literally or figuratively)
Abimelech
אֲבִימֶּ֥לֶךְ'a.vi.Me.lekh
H40
Abimelek · proper noun, a man's name
king
מֶֽלֶךְMe.lekh-
H4428
a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Philistines
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יםpe.lish.Tim
H6430
a Pelishtite or inhabitant of Pelesheth · noun, gentilic masculine plural absolute
Gerar
גְּרָֽרָהge.Ra.rah
H1642
Gerar · proper noun, a place name + directional suffix
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Genesis 12:10 And there was a famine in the land: and Abram went down into Egypt to sojourn there; for the famine was grievous in the land.
Genesis 25:11 And it came to pass after the death of Abraham, that God blessed his son Isaac; and Isaac dwelt by the well Lahai-roi.
Genesis 21:22-32 And it came to pass at that time, that Abimelech and Phichol the chief captain of his host spake unto Abraham, saying, God is with thee in a…
Genesis 20:1-2 And Abraham journeyed from thence toward the south country, and dwelled between Kadesh and Shur, and sojourned in Gerar.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Genesis 26:1-5
Here, I. God tried Isaac by his providence. Isaac had been trained up in a believing dependence upon the divine grant of the land of Canaan to him and his heirs; yet now there is a famine in the land, Gen 26:1. What shall he think of the promise when the promised land will not find him bread? Is such a grant worth accepting, upon such terms, and after so long a time? Yes, Isaac will still cleave to the covenant; and the less valuable Canaan in itself seems to be the better he is taught to value it, 1. As a token of God's everlasting kindness to him; and, 2. As a type of heaven's everlasting blessedness. Note, The intrinsic worth of God's promises cannot be lessened in a believer's eye by any…
There was a famine - When this happened we cannot tell; it appears to have been after the death of Abraham. Concerning the first famine, see Gen 12:10.
Abimelech - As we know not the time when the famine happened, so we cannot tell whether this was the same Abimelech, Phichol, etc., which are mentioned Gen 20:1, Gen 20:2, etc., or the sons or other descendants of these persons.
John Gill on Genesis 26:1
And there was a famine in the land,.... In the land of Canaan, as the Targum of Jonathan expresses it:
besides the first famine that was in the days of Abraham; of which see Genesis 12:10; which was an hundred years before this:
and Isaac went unto Abimelech king of the Philistines, unto Gerar; where his father Abraham had sojourned before he was born; and therefore the present king of this place can scarce be thought to be the same Abimelech that was king of it in Abraham's time; but it is highly probable that this Abimelech was the son of the former king, and that this was a common name to the kings of Gerar or the Philistines, as Pharaoh was to the kings of Egypt. Isaac came to this pla…
And there was a famine. Moses relates that Isaac was tried by nearly the same kind of temptation as that through which his father Abraham had twice passed. I have before explained how severe and violent was this assault. The condition in which it was the will of God to place his servants, as strangers and pilgrims in the land which he had promised to give them, seemed sufficiently troublesome and hard; but it appears still more intolerable, that he scarcely suffered them to exist (if we may so speak) in this wandering, uncertain, and changeable kind of life, but almost consumed them with hunger. Who would not say that God had forgotten himself, when he did not even supply his own children, -…
The Church Fathers
In case you might think he was talking about that previous famine, accordingly he added, "besides the famine in the patriarch's time," that is to say, another similar famine beset the land in Isaac's time as in his father's time. The scarcity of the necessities of life threw everyone into great apprehension, compelled them to leave their own home and travel to those places where it was possible to find an abundance of resources.Hence this good man too, on seeing the famine, "took the journey," the text says, "to visit Abimelech in Gerar." This was where Abraham came too, you remember, after his return from Egypt.
FAMINE ARRIVED AT THE TIME OF ISAAC. — And there was a famine in the land, besides the former famine, which was in the time of Abraham; and Isaac went to Abimelech the king of the Philistines to Gerera. to Abimelech king of the Philistines . In relation to this text we can ask when this event occurred. Was it after Esau had sold his birthright for a meal of lentils, that this begins to be narrated? Or, as is often the case, did the narrator return to this matter by recapitulation, when, abandoning the story about his children, he returned to that passage that we have mentioned of the plate of lentils? We ask ourselves, too, why does Abimelech himself appear here, who had even desired Sarah, and his companion and the chief of his troops is also mentioned (Cf. Gen. 21:22, 32; 26:26.); could they still be alive? Because, when he became a friend of Abraham, Isaac was not yet born, but his birth was already promised. Suppose that it happened a year before Isaac was born. Then after Isaac, at the age of sixty, had children, but they were young when Esau sold his birthright. Suppose also that they were about twenty years old. Then Isaac's age, when the event of his sons took place, would be about eighty years. Suppose Abimelech was a young man when he desired Sarah and became friends with Abraham. He could, therefore, be almost a hundred years old, if he went to that land pressed by famine after that event of his children. Nothing, therefore, obliges us to think that the departure of Isaac for Gerera is reported by way of recapitulation. But as it is said that Isaac remained for a long time in this country, that he dug wells, on the occasion of which there were disputes, and that he became very rich (Cf. Gen 26:14). It would be strange that these things are mentioned if the author does not resort to recapitulation. These things would therefore have been passed over in silence, in order to enable the narrative to speak first of the sons of Isaac to the place where the lentil dish is mentioned. [
Dictionary and topics
Abimelech — My father a king, or father of a king, a common name of the Philistine kings, as “Pharaoh” was of the Egyptian kings. (1.) The Philistine king of Gerar in the time of Abraham (Gen. 20:1-18). By an…
Famine — The first mentioned in Scripture was so grievous as to compel Abraham to go down to the land of Egypt (Gen. 26:1). Another is mentioned as having occurred in the days of Isaac, causing him to go to…
Isaac — Laughter. (1) Israel, or the kingdom of the ten tribes (Amos 7:9, 16). (2.) The only son of Abraham by Sarah. He was the longest lived of the three patriarchs (Gen. 21:1-3). He was circumcised when…
Philistines — (Gen. 10:14, R.V.; but in A.V., “Philistim”), a tribe allied to the Phoenicians. They were a branch of the primitive race which spread over the whole district of the Lebanon and the valley of the…
Abraham · General references — General references
Canaan · .Famines in — .Famines in
Famine · .In — .In
Gerar · .Visited by — .Visited by
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
Renewal of the Promise. - A famine "in the land" (i.e., Canaan, to which he had therefore returned from Hagar's well; Gen 25:11), compelled Isaac to leave Canaan, as it had done Abraham before. Abraham went to Egypt, where his wife was exposed to danger, from which she could only be rescued by the direct interposition of God. Isaac also intended to go there, but on the way, viz., in Gerar, he received instruction through a divine manifestation that he was to remain there. As he was the seed to whom the land of Canaan was promised, he was directed not to leave it. To this end Jehovah assured him of the fulfilment of all the promises made to Abraham on oath, with express reference to His oath…
In this digression from Jacob’s story, Isaac’s prosperity (ch 26) shows that the blessing had passed to him (cp. 25:11) despite his failures of faith.
26:1 This Abimelech is probably not the man in ch 20, for these events could have been 90 years apart. Possibly Abimelech was a dynastic name or title (a later King Achish, 1 Sam 21:10, was also called Abimelech, Ps 34:title).