Jerushalaim or Jerushalem · proper noun, a place name
ruined
כָשְׁלָה֙kha.she.Lah
H3782
to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular
Judah
וִיהוּדָ֖הvi.hu.Dah
H3063
Jehudah (or Judah) · conjunction + proper noun, a place name
fallen
נָפָ֑לna.Fal
H5307
to fall · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
tongue
לְשׁוֹנָ֤םle.sho.Nam
H3956
the tongue (of man or animals) · noun, common both genders singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
doings
וּמַֽעַלְלֵיהֶם֙u.ma.'a.lei.Hem
H4611
an act (good or bad) · conjunction + noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
LORD
יְהוָ֔הYah.weh
H3068
Jehovah · proper noun, a title
provoke
לַמְר֖וֹתlam.Rot
H4784
to be (causatively · preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct
eyes
עֵנֵ֥י'e.Nei
H5869
an eye (literally or figuratively) · noun, common feminine dual construct
glory
כְבוֹדֽוֹkhe.vo.Do
H3519
properly · noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Ezekiel 9:9 Then said he unto me, The iniquity of the house of Israel and Judah is exceeding great, and the land is full of blood, and the city full of…
1 Corinthians 10:22 Do we provoke the Lord to jealousy? are we stronger than he?
Hosea 7:16 They return, but not to the most High: they are like a deceitful bow: their princes shall fall by the sword for the rage of their tongue: th…
Malachi 3:13-15 Your words have been stout against me, saith the LORD. Yet ye say, What have we spoken so much against thee?
2 Chronicles 28:5-7 Wherefore the LORD his God delivered him into the hand of the king of Syria; and they smote him, and carried away a great multitude of them…
2 Chronicles 28:18 The Philistines also had invaded the cities of the low country, and of the south of Judah, and had taken Beth-shemesh, and Ajalon, and Geder…
2 Chronicles 33:6-7 And he caused his children to pass through the fire in the valley of the son of Hinnom: also he observed times, and used enchantments, and u…
2 Chronicles 33:11 Wherefore the LORD brought upon them the captains of the host of the king of Assyria, which took Manasseh among the thorns, and bound him wi…
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Isaiah 3:1-8
The prophet, in the close of the foregoing chapter, had given a necessary caution to all not to put confidence in man, or any creature; he had also given a general reason for that caution, taken from the frailty of human life and the vanity and weakness of human powers. Here he gives a particular reason for it - God was now about to ruin all their creature-confidences, so that they should meet with nothing but disappointments in all their expectations from them (Isa 3:1): The stay and the staff shall be taken away, all their supports, of what kind soever, all the things they trusted to and looked for help and relief from. Their church and kingdom had now grown old and were going to decay, an…
Reason given by the prophet, why all shrink from the government.
eyes of his glory--to provoke His "glorious" Majesty before His "eyes" (compare Isa 49:5; Hab 1:13). The Syriac and LOWTH, by a slight change of the Hebrew, translate, "the cloud of His glory," the Shekinah.
John Gill on Isaiah 3:8
For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen, This is a reason given why the government of them is refused; they were fallen into such a ruinous condition, that there was no probability of recovering them. And the reason of this their fall and ruin is,
because their tongue and their doings are against the Lord; against the Lord Jesus Christ, whom they reproached and vilified as an impostor, a blasphemer, and a seditious person; and whom they spit upon, buffeted, scourged, and crucified:
to provoke the eyes of his glory; whose glory, as seen by some in the days of his humiliation, was as the glory of the only begotten of the Father; and, upon his ascension, he was crowned with glory and ho…
For Jerusalem is ruined. Lest it should be thought that God is excessively cruel, when he punishes his people with such severity, the Prophet here explains briefly the reason of the calamity; as if he had said that the destruction of that ungodly people is righteous, because in so many ways they have persisted in provoking God. And thus he cuts off all ground of complaint; for we know with what insolent fury the world breaks out, when it is chastised with more than ordinary severity. He says that they were ready, both by words and by actions, to commit every kind of crimes. In speaking of their destruction, he employs such language as if it had already taken place; though the past may be tak…
The Church Fathers
(Verses 8, 9.) For Jerusalem has fallen, and Judah has collapsed: because their tongue and their inventions are against the Lord, to provoke the eyes of His majesty. The recognition of their faces testifies against them, and they declare their sin like Sodom, and do not hide it. The Prophet speaks of this, not as many suppose, that he who was the chosen leader spoke. And he says that for this reason no one wants to rule over a sinful people, because both Judah and Jerusalem, and the city, and the province of Judaea, or the tribe of Judah have fallen together. And they gave reasons for their impiety, because they blasphemed against the Lord and said: 'Take him away, take him away, crucify him, for we have no king but Caesar' (John 19:15, 16): and with the fury of their tongue, they provoked the most merciful Lord to bitterness. The recognition of their faces will answer to them: that is, they have received their sins, or as the Septuagint translated: the confusion of their faces opposed them: that is, they always had their own sins before their eyes. And just as the Sodomites, sinning with all freedom and not having any shame in their wickedness, said to Lot: 'Bring out the men so that we may have relations with them' (Gen. XIX, 5); so too these, proclaiming openly, have preached their own sin and have had no shame in blaspheming. For the second plank after shipwreck is consolation in miseries, to hide their own impiety. Hence they are called the rulers of the Sodomites, because they had Sodomite sins.
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Head-dress — Not in common use among the Hebrews. It is first mentioned in Ex. 28:40 (A.V., “bonnets;” R.V., “head-tires”). It was used especially for purposes of ornament (Job 29:14; Isa. 3:23; 62:3). The Hebrew…
Anarchy · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Anger Of God, The · Against: The wicked — Against: The wicked
Disobedience To God · Provokes his anger — Provokes his anger
Eye · ANTHROPOMORPHIC USES OF — ANTHROPOMORPHIC USES OF
Famine · Sent as a — Sent as a
Infidelity · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Sins, National · Punishment for — Punishment for
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
The prophet then proceeds, in Isa 3:8-12, to describe this deep, tragical misery as a just retribution."For Jerusalem is ruined and Judah fallen; because their tongue and their doings (are) against Jehovah, to defy the eyes of His glory." Jerusalem as a city is feminine, according to the usual personification; Judah as a people is regarded as masculine.
(Note: As a rule, the name of a people (apart from the personification of the people as beth, a house) is only used as a feminine, when the name of the land stands for the nation itself (see Gesenius, Lehrbegr. p. 469).)
The two preterites Câs'lah and nâphal express the general fact, which occasioned such scenes of misery as the one just de…
The failure of human strength and societal organization can be a form of divine judgment. • to his face: The people of Judah had become bold in their wickedness like the people of Sodom (3:9; see also 1:9-10).
Rashi on Isaiah 3:8
For Jerusalem stumbled They are all faulty and falling, and no one assists the next one. Why? Because they refused to obey, and now, they all provoke.
for their tongue and their deeds are against the Lord [lit. to the Lord;] against Him to provoke Him.
to provoke the eyes of His glory to provoke before His glory. Another explanation is: to provoke the matters of His glory.
