Isaiah 33:15 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
Isaiah 33:15
He that walketh righteously, and speaketh uprightly; he that despiseth the gain of oppressions, that shaketh his hands from holding of bribes, that stoppeth his ears from hearing of blood, and shutteth his eyes from seeing evil;
to walk (in a great variety of applications · verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
righteously
צְדָק֔וֹתtze.da.Kot
H6666
rightness (abstractly) · noun, common feminine plural absolute
speaketh
וְדֹבֵ֖רve.do.Ver
H1696
perhaps properly · conjunction + verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
uprightly
מֵֽישָׁרִ֑יםmei.sha.Rim
H4339
evenness · noun, common masculine plural absolute
despiseth
מֹאֵ֞סmo.'Es
H3988
to spurn · verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
gain
בְּבֶ֣צַעbe.Ve.tza'
H1215
plunder · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct
oppressions
מַעֲשַׁקּ֗וֹתma.'a.sha.Kot
H4642
oppression · noun, common feminine plural absolute
shaketh
נֹעֵ֤רno.'Er
H5287
to tumble about · verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
hands
כַּפָּיו֙ka.Pav
H3709
the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal · noun, common feminine dual construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
holding
מִתְּמֹ֣ךְmi.te.Mokh
H8551
to sustain · preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct
bribes
בַּשֹּׁ֔חַדba.Sho.chad
H7810
a donation (venal or redemptive) · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
stoppeth
אֹטֵ֤ם'o.Tem
H331
to close (the lips or ears) · verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
ears
אָזְנוֹ֙'a.ze.No
H241
broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in ma… · noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
hearing
מִשְּׁמֹ֣עַmi.she.Mo.a'
H8085
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attent… · preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct
blood
דָּמִ֔יםda.Mim
H1818
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or… · noun, common masculine plural absolute
shutteth
וְעֹצֵ֥םve.'o.Tzem
H6105
to bind fast · conjunction + verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
eyes
עֵינָ֖יו'ei.Nav
H5869
an eye (literally or figuratively) · noun, common feminine dual construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
seeing
מֵרְא֥וֹתme.re.'ot
H7200
to see · preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct
evil
בְּרָֽעbe.Ra'
H7451
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral) · preposition + adjective, masculine singular absolute
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Psalms 119:37 Turn away mine eyes from beholding vanity; and quicken thou me in thy way.
1 John 3:7 Little children, let no man deceive you: he that doeth righteousness is righteous, even as he is righteous.
Ephesians 5:11-13 And have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather reprove them.
Deuteronomy 16:19 Thou shalt not wrest judgment; thou shalt not respect persons, neither take a gift: for a gift doth blind the eyes of the wise, and pervert…
Psalms 1:1-3 Blessed is the man that walketh not in the counsel of the ungodly, nor standeth in the way of sinners, nor sitteth in the seat of the scornf…
Psalms 24:4-5 He that hath clean hands, and a pure heart; who hath not lifted up his soul unto vanity, nor sworn deceitfully.
Psalms 106:3 Blessed are they that keep judgment, and he that doeth righteousness at all times.
Isaiah 56:1-2 Thus saith the LORD, Keep ye judgment, and do justice: for my salvation is near to come, and my righteousness to be revealed.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Isaiah 33:13–end
Here is a preface that commands attention; and it is fit that all should attend, both near and afar off, to what God says and does (Isa 33:13): Hear, you that are afar off, whether in place or time. Let distant regions and future ages hear what God has done. They do so; they will do so from the scripture, with as much assurance as those that were near, the neighbouring nations and those that lived at that time. But whoever hears what God has done, whether near or afar off, let them acknowledge his might, that it is irresistible, and that he can do every thing. Those are very stupid who hear what God has done and yet will not acknowledge his might. Now what is it that God has done which we mu…
In contrast to the trembling "sinners in Zion" (Isa 33:14), the righteous shall be secure amid all judgments; they are described according to the Old Testament standpoint of righteousness (Psa 15:2; Psa 24:4).
stoppeth . . . ears . . . eyes--"Rejoiceth not in iniquity" (Co1 13:6; contrast Isa 29:20; Psa 10:3; Rom 1:32). The senses are avenues for the entrance of sin (Psa 119:37).
John Gill on Isaiah 33:15
He that walketh righteously,.... These are the words of the prophet, in answer to those of the hypocrites. So the Targum,
"the prophet said, the righteous shall dwell in it;''
not in the devouring fire and everlasting burnings, but in Zion, in Jerusalem, on high, in the munition of rocks, safe from those burnings; for these words are to be connected not with the preceding, but with the following verse Isaiah 33:16, "thus, he that walketh righteously", &c. "he shall dwell on high", &c.; and such an one is he that walks by faith on Christ as his righteousness; that walks after the Spirit, and not after the flesh; that walks uprightly, according to the rule of the Gospel, and as becomes it; t…
Taking bribes is a violation of the truth. Therefore, it is said of the just man: "He who cleanses his hands of every gift will live on the heights."
There are some who indeed do not receive rewards of money from ordination, yet bestow sacred orders for human favor, and from that very generosity seek only the recompense of praise. These certainly do not bestow freely what was freely received, because from the service of holiness they have rendered, they seek the coin of favor. Hence the prophet spoke well when describing the just man, saying: Who shakes his hands free from every gift. For he does not say: Who shakes his hands from a gift, but added from every, because one thing is a gift from service, another a gift from the hand, another a gift from the tongue. A gift from service is deference unduly rendered, a gift from the hand is money, a gift from the tongue is favor. Therefore he who bestows sacred orders shakes his hands free from every gift when in divine matters he seeks not only no money, but also no human favor.
We must bear in mind too that there are three ways in which deceit itself is practised, in that, surely, the object aimed at in it is either the secret interest of our fellow creatures' feelings, or the breath of applause, or some outward advantage; contrary to which it is rightly said of the righteous man by the prophet, "Blessed is he that shaketh his hands clear of every favour." For as deceit does not consist only in the receiving of money; so, no doubt, a favour is not confined to one thing, but there are three ways of receiving favours after which deceit goeth in haste. For a favour from the heart, is interest solicited in the opinion, a favour from the mouth is glory from applause, a favour from the head a reward by gift. Now every righteous man 'shaketh his hands clear of every favour,' in that in whatever he does aright, he neither aims to win vainglory from the affections of his fellow creatures, nor applause from their lips, nor a gift from their hands. And so he alone is not guilty of deceit in doing God's work, who while he is energetic in studying right conduct, neither pants after the rewards of earthly substance, nor after words of applause, nor after favour in man's judgment. Therefore because our very good actions themselves cannot escape the sword of ambushed sin, unless they be guarded every day by anxious fear, it is rightly said in this place by the holy man, I was afraid of all my works.
Dictionary and topics
Bribery · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Honesty · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Temptation · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Uprightness · Should be in: Speech — Should be in: Speech
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
He that walketh in righeousness. Now, therefore, he explains more fully what we briefly remarked a little before, that they who provoke his anger, and thus drive away from them his forbearance, have no right to complain that God is excessively severe. Thus he convinces them of their guilt and exhorts them to repentance, for he shews that there is a state of friendship between God and men, if they wish to follow and practice "righteousness," if they maintain truth and integrity, if they are free from all corruptions and act inoffensively towards their neighbors; but because they abound in every kind of wickedness, and have abandoned themselves to malice, calumny, covetousness, robbery, and ot…
The prophet answers their question. "He that walketh in righteousness, and speaketh uprightness; he that despiseth gain of oppressions, whose hand keepeth from grasping bribes; he that stoppeth his ear from hearing murderous counsel, and shutteth his eyes from looking at evil; he will dwell upon high places; rocky fastnesses are his castle; his bread is abundant, his waters inexhaustible." Isaiah's variation of Psa 15:1-5 and Psa 24:3-6 (as Jer 17:5-8 contains Jeremiah's variation of Psa 1:1-6). Tsedâqōth is the accusative of the object, so also is mēshârı̄m: he who walks in all the relations of life in the full measure of righteousness, i.e., who practises it continually, and whose word…
A godly life provides evidence that an individual truly knows God (see Col 3:5-17; Jas 2:14-18; 1 Pet 1:14-16; 1 Jn 1:5-6).
Rashi on Isaiah 33:15
He who walks righteously Who will be found? One who walks righteously.
who shakes his hands (eskot in O.F.).
closes his ear (אֹטֵם) Comp. (I Kings 6:4) “transparent but closed (אֲטֻמִים).”
and closes (וְעֹצֵם) Comp. (supra 29:10) “And He has closed (וַיְעַצֵּם) your eyes.”