Isaiah 45:18

For thus saith the LORD that created the heavens; God himself that formed the earth and made it; he hath established it, he created it not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited: I am the LORD; and there is none else.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
saith	אָֽמַר 'a.mar-	H559	to say (used with great latitude) · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
LORD	יְ֠הוָה Yah.weh	H3068	Jehovah · proper noun, a title
created	בּוֹרֵ֨א bo.Re'	H1254	(absolutely) to create · verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
heavens	הַשָּׁמַ֜יִם ha.sha.Ma.yim	H8064	the sky (as aloft · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
God	הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים ha.'E.lo.Him	H430	gods in the ordinary sense · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
formed	יֹצֵ֨ר yo.Tzer	H3335	to mould into a form · verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
earth	הָאָ֤רֶץ ha.'A.retz	H776	the earth (at large · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
made	וְעֹשָׂהּ֙ ve.'o.Sah	H6213	to do or make · conjunction + verb, qal active participle, masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person feminine singular
established	כֽוֹנְנָ֔הּ kho.Nah	H3559	properly · verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + pronominal suffix, 3rd person feminine singular
created	בְרָאָ֖הּ ve.ra.'Ah	H1254	(absolutely) to create · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + pronominal suffix, 3rd person feminine singular
vain	תֹ֥הוּ To.hu	H8414	a desolation (of surface) · noun, common masculine singular absolute
formed	יְצָרָ֑הּ ye.tza.Rah	H3335	to mould into a form · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + pronominal suffix, 3rd person feminine singular
inhabited	לָשֶׁ֣בֶת la.She.vet	H3427	properly · preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct
LORD	יְהוָ֖ה Yah.weh	H3068	Jehovah · proper noun, a title

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Psalms 115:16 The heaven, even the heavens, are the LORD’s: but the earth hath he given to the children of men.
Jeremiah 10:12 He hath made the earth by his power, he hath established the world by his wisdom, and hath stretched out the heavens by his discretion.
Isaiah 42:5 Thus saith God the LORD, he that created the heavens, and stretched them out; he that spread forth the earth, and that which cometh out of i…
Isaiah 45:12 I have made the earth, and created man upon it: I, even my hands, have stretched out the heavens, and all their host have I commanded.
Genesis 1:2 And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the water…
Ezekiel 36:10-12 And I will multiply men upon you, all the house of Israel, even all of it: and the cities shall be inhabited, and the wastes shall be builde…
Genesis 1:26 And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of th…
Genesis 1:28 And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Isaiah 45:11-19

The people of God in captivity, who reconciled themselves to the will of God in their affliction and were content to wait his time for their deliverance, are here assured that they should not wait in vain. I. They are invited to enquire concerning the issue of their troubles, Isa 45:11. The Holy One of Israel, and his Maker, though he does not allow them to strive with him, yet encourages them, 1. To consult his word: "Ask of me things to come; have recourse to the prophets and their prophecies, and see what they say concerning these things. Ask the watchmen, What of the night? Ask them, How long?" Things to come, as far as they are revealed, belong to us and to our children, and we must not…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 45:18

(See on Isa 45:12). not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited--Therefore, Judah, lying waste during the Babylonish captivity, shall be peopled again by the exiles. The Jews, from this passage, infer that, after the resurrection, the earth shall be inhabited, for there can be no reason why the earth should then exist in vain any more than now (Pe2 3:13).

John Gill on Isaiah 45:18

For thus saith the Lord, that created the heavens,.... These words, and what follow, are the words of the Son of God, of the Lord the Saviour, in whom Israel is saved with an everlasting salvation; and this is said to assure them of it, as well as to distinguish himself from the gods of the Gentiles, who made not the heavens and the earth, as he had done; for by the Word of the Lord, the essential Word of God, were the heavens made in the beginning; see Psalm 33:6, God himself, that formed the earth, and made it, he hath established it; the Saviour is God himself, truly and properly God, who has all the perfections of deity in him; and this appears as from his creation of the heavens, so fr…

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John Calvin on Isaiah 45:18

For thus saith Jehovah. This verse tends to confirm the preceding; for the Prophet means that the Jews are fully convinced that the Lord will at length deliver them, though they are oppressed by wretched bondage. God the maker of the earth. Some think that by "the earth" is here meant Judea, but I consider it to be an argument from the less to the greater, as we said formerly on the twelfth verse, that, since the providence of God extends universally to the creatures, much more does it relate to those whom he has adopted to be his sons; for of them he has a special care. In short, the Prophet's argument is this. "Since God created the earth, that men might have an abode and habitation in it…

The Church Fathers

For in reality God did not establish the universe in vain or to no purpose but destruction, as those weak-minded people say, but to exist and be inhabited and continue. Therefore the earth and the heaven must exist again after the conflagration and shaking of all things.
— Methodius of Olympus, ON THE RESURRECTION 1:8

For it says, "thus says the Lord" and not simply an earthly "lord," for there are many in heaven and earth that ruin this name [the Lord] by overusing it. But he is the one who by nature and in truth is just—he is what he is said to be and derives no false glory from what he has ordained.… For if he who made heaven and earth did not make it in vain but to be inhabited, … then who else other than him can be considered God?
— Cyril of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON ISAIAH 4:3.45:18-19

For the very Prophet through whom the retrogression of the sun was effected, when, by means of the dread sign, he had in reality confuted the theory of the Babylonians, by showing that the heaven is not a revolving sphere, and that they held an opinion that is erroneous, this very Prophet not long afterwards speaks thus of the figure of the heaven: He that established the heaven as a vaulted chamber; and again: The Lord God who made the heaven and fixed it, thus declaring at once that it is a vault, and that it is established and fixed and not in revolution
— Cosmas Indicopleustes, The Christian Topography, Book 8

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Creation · Exhibits: God as the sole object of worship — Exhibits: God as the sole object of worship
Earth · General references — General references
Unity Of God · Asserted by: God himself — Asserted by: God himself

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Isaiah 45:18

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Isaiah 45:11-19

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 45:18

John Gill on Isaiah 45:18

John Calvin on Isaiah 45:18

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Isaiah 45:18

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Isaiah 45:11-19

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 45:18

John Gill on Isaiah 45:18

John Calvin on Isaiah 45:18

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on Isaiah 45:18-19

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Isaiah 45:18-25

Rashi on Isaiah 45:18