Isaiah 63:3

I have trodden the winepress alone; and of the people there was none with me: for I will tread them in mine anger, and trample them in my fury; and their blood shall be sprinkled upon my garments, and I will stain all my raiment.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
trodden	דָּרַ֣כְתִּי da.Rakh.ti	H1869	to tread · verb, qal perfect, 1st person common singular
winepress	פּוּרָ֣ה pu.Rah	H6333	a wine-press (as crushing the grapes) · noun, common feminine singular absolute
people	וּמֵֽעַמִּים֙ u.me.'a.Mim	H5971	a people (as a congregated unit) · conjunction + preposition + noun, common masculine plural absolute
none	אִ֣ישׁ 'ish	H376	a man as an individual or a male person · noun, common masculine singular absolute
tread	וְאֶדְרְכֵ֣ם ve.'ed.re.Khem	H1869	to tread · conjunction + verb, qal, 1st person common singular + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
anger	בְּאַפִּ֔י be.'a.Pi	H639	properly · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix
trample	וְאֶרְמְסֵ֖ם ve.'er.me.Sem	H7429	to tread upon (as a potter · conjunction + verb, qal, 1st person common singular + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
fury	בַּחֲמָתִ֑י ba.cha.ma.Ti	H2534	heat · preposition + noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix
blood	נִצְחָם֙ nitz.Cham	H5332	juice of the grape (as blood red) · noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
sprinkled	וְיֵ֤ז ve.Yez	H5137	to spirt · conjunction + verb, qal jussive, 3rd person masculine singular
garments	בְּגָדַ֔י be.ga.Dai	H899	a covering · noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix
stain	אֶגְאָֽלְתִּי 'eg.'A.le.ti	H1351	to soil or (figuratively) desecrate · verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person common singular
raiment	מַלְבּוּשַׁ֖י mal.bu.Shai	H4403	a garment · noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Revelation 19:13-15 And he was clothed with a vesture dipped in blood: and his name is called The Word of God.
Revelation 14:19-20 And the angel thrust in his sickle into the earth, and gathered the vine of the earth, and cast it into the great winepress of the wrath of…
Micah 7:10 Then she that is mine enemy shall see it, and shame shall cover her which said unto me, Where is the LORD thy God? mine eyes shall behold he…
Malachi 4:3 And ye shall tread down the wicked; for they shall be ashes under the soles of your feet in the day that I shall do this, saith the LORD of…
Lamentations 1:15 The Lord hath trodden under foot all my mighty men in the midst of me: he hath called an assembly against me to crush my young men: the Lord…
Zechariah 10:5 And they shall be as mighty men, which tread down their enemies in the mire of the streets in the battle: and they shall fight, because the…
Isaiah 63:6 And I will tread down the people in mine anger, and make them drunk in my fury, and I will bring down their strength to the earth.
Isaiah 22:5 For it is a day of trouble, and of treading down, and of perplexity by the Lord GOD of hosts in the valley of vision, breaking down the wall…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Isaiah 63:1-6

It is a glorious victory that is here enquired into first and then accounted for. 1. It is a victory obtained by the providence of God over the enemies of Israel; over the Babylonians (say some), whom Cyrus conquered and God by him, and they will have the prophet to make the first discovery of him in his triumphant return when he is in the country of Edom: but this can by no means be admitted, because the country of Babylon is always spoken of as the land of the north, whereas Edom lay south from Jerusalem, so that the conqueror would not return through that country; the victory therefore is obtained over the Edomites themselves, who had triumphed in the destruction of Jerusalem by the Chald…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 63:3

Reply of Messiah. For the image, see Lam 1:15. He "treads the wine-press" here not as a sufferer, but as an inflicter of vengeance. will tread . . . shall be . . . will stain--rather preterites, "I trod . . . trampled . . . was sprinkled . . . I stained." blood--literally, "spirited juice" of the grape, pressed out by treading [GESENIUS].

Adam Clarke on Isaiah 63:3

And of the people there was none with me - I was wholly abandoned by them: but a good meaning is, No man has had any part in making the atonement; it is entirely the work of the Messiah alone. No created being could have any part in a sacrifice that was to be of infinite merit. And I will stain "And I have stained" - For אגאלתי egalti, a verb of very irregular formation, compounded, as they say, of the two forms of the preterite and future, a MS. has אגאלהו egalehu, the regular future with a pleonastic pronoun added to it, according to the Hebrew idiom: "And all my raiment, I have stained it." The necessity of the verb's being in the past tense seems to have given occasion to the alteration…

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John Gill on Isaiah 63:3

I have trodden the winepress alone,.... This is an answer to the question before put, and confirms what was observed, that his garments were like one that treadeth in the winepress; this was very true, he had trodden it, and trodden it alone, and that was the reason his garments were of such a hue; what others did by their servants, he did by himself, alone and without them. The winepress is a symbol of the wrath of God; not of what Christ bore himself as the sinner's surety, for then he was trodden as a vine, or the clusters of it, himself; but of what he executed on others. Wicked men are compared to clusters of the vine; the winepress into which they are cast is the wrath of God, and Chri…

The Church Fathers

Who is that who for shame is clothed in scarlet? For Bosra among the Hebrews has such a meaning.
— Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lecture 13:27

Each quality, though, that is both beauty and strength, had been seen and understood by Isaiah, when he said, "Who is this who is arriving from Edom, the crimson of his garments from Bozrah, so handsome in the robe of his garment with strength?" So this prophet, who called him both handsome and strong, knew him as bridegroom and giant.
— Augustine of Hippo, SERMON 372:2

And, if they marvel and say, as in Isaiah's drama, "Who is this that comes from Edom and from the things of the earth?" or "How are the garments red when he is without blood or body, as of one that treads in the full winepress?"—if they say this, then set forth the beauty of the array of the body that suffered, adorned by the passion and made splendid by the Godhead. Nothing can be lovelier or more beautiful than that.… Will you think little of him because he humbled himself for your sake?… Do you conceive of him as less because he girds himself with a towel and washes his disciples and shows that humiliation is the best road to exaltation?
— Gregory of Nazianzus, ON HOLY EASTER, ORATION 45:25-26

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Dress — (1.) Materials used. The earliest and simplest an apron of fig-leaves sewed together (Gen. 3:7); then skins of animals (3:21). Elijah’s dress was probably the skin of a sheep (2 Kings 1:8). The…
Edom, Idumaea Or Idumea — (red). The name Edom was given to Esau, the first-born son of Isaac and twin brother of Jacob, when he sold his birthright to the latter for a meal of lentil pottage. The country which the Lord…
Fury — As attributed to God, is a figurative expression for dispensing afflictive judgments (Lev. 26:28; Job 20:23; Isa. 63:3; Jer. 4:4; Ezek. 5:13; Dan. 9:16; Zech. 8:2).
Obadiah, Book of — Consists of one chapter, “concerning Edom,” its impending doom (1:1-16), and the restoration of Israel (1:17-21). This is the shortest book of the Old Testament. There are on record the account of…
Wine — The common Hebrew word for wine is yayin, from a root meaning “to boil up,” “to be in a ferment.” Others derive it from a root meaning “to tread out,” and hence the juice of the grape trodden out.…
Wine-press — Consisted of two vats or receptacles, (1) a trough (Heb. gath, Gr. lenos) into which the grapes were thrown and where they were trodden upon and bruised (Isa. 16:10; Lam. 1:15; Joel 3:13); and (2) a…
Art · .Of the winemaker — .Of the winemaker
Arts Of The · Wine-maker — Wine-maker
Colors · furnishing, and priestly vestments and functions, as types and shadows of the atonement — furnishing, and priestly vestments and functions, as types and shadows of the atonement
Edomites, The · Predictions respecting: Punishment for persecuting Israel — Predictions respecting: Punishment for persecuting Israel

Isaiah 63:3

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Isaiah 63:1-6

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 63:3

Adam Clarke on Isaiah 63:3

John Gill on Isaiah 63:3

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Isaiah 63:3

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Isaiah 63:1-6

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 63:3

Adam Clarke on Isaiah 63:3

John Gill on Isaiah 63:3

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Isaiah 63:3

Keil & Delitzsch on Isaiah 63:3-6

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Isaiah 63:2

Rashi on Isaiah 63:3