Jeremiah 4:7 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
Jeremiah 4:7
The lion is come up from his thicket, and the destroyer of the Gentiles is on his way; he is gone forth from his place to make thy land desolate; and thy cities shall be laid waste, without an inhabitant.
to ascend · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
thicket
מִֽסֻּבְּכ֔וֹmi.su.be.Kho
H5441
a copse · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
destroyer
וּמַשְׁחִ֣יתu.mash.Chit
H7843
to decay · conjunction + verb, hiphil active participle, masculine singular construct
Gentiles
גּוֹיִ֔םgo.Yim
H1471
a foreign nation · noun, common masculine plural absolute
way
נָסַ֖עna.Sa'
H5265
properly · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
forth
יָצָ֣אya.Tza'
H3318
to go (causatively · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
place
מִמְּקֹמ֑וֹmi.me.ko.Mo
H4725
properly · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
make
לָשׂ֤וּםla.Sum
H7760
to put (used in a great variety of applications · preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct
land
אַרְצֵךְ֙'ar.tzeKh
H776
the earth (at large · noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person feminine singular
desolate
לְשַׁמָּ֔הle.sha.Mah
H8047
ruin · preposition + noun, common feminine singular absolute
cities
עָרַ֥יִךְ'a.Ra.yikh
H5892
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the wi… · noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person feminine singular
waste
תִּצֶּ֖ינָהti.Tzei.nah
H5327
properly · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural
inhabitant
יוֹשֵֽׁבyo.Shev
H3427
properly · verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Isaiah 1:7 Your country is desolate, your cities are burned with fire: your land, strangers devour it in your presence, and it is desolate, as overthro…
Isaiah 6:11 Then said I, Lord, how long? And he answered, Until the cities be wasted without inhabitant, and the houses without man, and the land be utt…
Jeremiah 2:15 The young lions roared upon him, and yelled, and they made his land waste: his cities are burned without inhabitant.
Jeremiah 5:6 Wherefore a lion out of the forest shall slay them, and a wolf of the evenings shall spoil them, a leopard shall watch over their cities: ev…
Ezekiel 26:7-10 For thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I will bring upon Tyrus Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon, a king of kings, from the north, with horses, a…
Jeremiah 25:9 Behold, I will send and take all the families of the north, saith the LORD, and Nebuchadrezzar the king of Babylon, my servant, and will bri…
Jeremiah 50:17 Israel is a scattered sheep; the lions have driven him away: first the king of Assyria hath devoured him; and last this Nebuchadrezzar king…
Daniel 7:4 The first was like a lion, and had eagle’s wings: I beheld till the wings thereof were plucked, and it was lifted up from the earth, and mad…
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Jeremiah 4:5-18
God's usual method is to warn before he wounds. In these verses, accordingly, God gives notice to the Jews of the general desolation that would shortly be brought upon them by a foreign invasion. This must be declared and published in all the cities of Judah and streets of Jerusalem, that all might hear and fear, and by this loud alarm be either brought to repentance or left inexcusable. The prediction of this calamity is here given very largely, and in lively expressions, which one would think should have awakened and affected the most stupid. Observe,
I. The war proclaimed, and general notice given of the advance of the enemy. It is published now, some years before, by the prophet; but, si…
lion--Nebuchadnezzar and the Chaldeans (Jer 2:15; Jer 5:6; Dan 7:14).
his thicket--lair; Babylon.
destroyer of the Gentiles--rather, "the nations" (Jer 25:9).
John Gill on Jeremiah 4:7
The lion is come up from his thicket,.... Meaning Nebuchadnezzar (s), from Babylon, who is compared to a lion for his strength, fierceness, and cruelty; see Jeremiah 50:17 so the Roman emperor is called a lion, 2 Timothy 4:17, agreeably to this the Targum paraphrases it,
"a king is gone from his fortress;''
or tower; and the Syriac version,
"a certain most powerful king is about to go up as a lion out of his wood:''
and the destroyer of the Gentiles is on his way; he who had conquered and destroyed other nations not a few, and these mighty and strong; and therefore the Jews could not expect but to be destroyed by him. This tyrant was a type of antichrist, whose name is Apollyon, a destro…
Jeremiah 4:7
7. The lion is come up from his thicket, and the destroyer of the Gentiles is on his way; he is gone forth from his place to make thy land desolate; and thy cities shall be laid waste, without an inhabitant.
7. Ascendit leo ex densitate sua (hoc est, ex oculto loco,) et vastator gentium profectus est; egressus est e loco sue ad ponendum (ut ponat) terram tuam in vastitatem, urbes tuae perdentur, ut non sit habitator.
The Prophet more fully declares the import of the threatening which we briefly considered yesterday; for God said in the former verse, that he would bring an evil from the north; and the kind of evil it was to be he now describes, and compares the king of Babylo…
The Church Fathers
This is the true Nebuchadnezzar, as we have said before, about whom Peter also said, "Our adversary, the devil, prowls about like a roaring lion." He ascended from the depths to which he had been relegated and for fear that he is sent back, the plunderer or destroyer of the nations entreats and arises. He is whom it was said that "he will dominate all his enemies" and those who boast in the face of the Lord: "I have gone around the earth and trampled it." For whom has the venom of the devil not affected except for he alone who is able to say "the prince of this world comes and finds that he has nothing over me"? He repeatedly makes all the territory of the church a wasteland, that those who have left the church might do battle against it, those about whom John the Evangelist also says, "They went forth from us, but they were not of us, for if they had been of us, they would have remained with us." The cities of the land of Judah are devastated, and the councils of heretics flourish. It can be said, therefore, about every patron of the authors of perverse doctrine: "A lion ascended from his lair and a destroyer of nations has arisen," and so on.
(Verse 7) The lion has come up from his den, and the destroyer of the nations has risen; he has left his lair to make your land a desolation. Your cities will be laid waste, with no inhabitant remaining. This is, as we have said, the true Nebuchadnezzar, of whom the blessed Apostle Peter speaks: 'Our adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour' (1 Peter 5:8). But he has also ascended from the abyss, from which he must be bound, and he pleads not to be cast out; and the plunderer or destroyer of the nations has risen, of whom it is said: 'You will rule over all your enemies' (Psalm 9:5), and 'He who boasts in the sight of the Lord: I have gone around and trampled on the whole earth' (Job 2:2). For who is it, indeed, whom the poisons of the devil do not touch, except for he alone who can say: Behold, the prince of this world is coming, and in me he has found nothing (John 14:30)? This person frequently puts the whole earth of the Church in solitude, so that those who have gone out of the Church fight against the Church. Concerning these, John the Evangelist speaks: They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us, they would have remained with us (1 John 2:19). The cities of the land of Judea are being devastated, and the assemblies of heretics flourish. Therefore, if anyone is a supporter and author of perverse doctrines, it can be said: The lion has come up from his den, and the destroyer of nations has risen!
Dictionary and topics
Fast — The sole fast required by the law of Moses was that of the great Day of Atonement (q.v.), Lev. 23:26-32. It is called “the fast” (Acts 27:9). The only other mention of a periodical fast in the Old…
Condescension Of God · Expostulates with backsliding Israel — Expostulates with backsliding Israel
Lion · Lair of, in the jungles — Lair of, in the jungles
Lion, The · Inhabits: Thickets — Inhabits: Thickets
Tobiah · General references — General references
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
From the north destruction approaches. - Jer 4:5. "Proclaim in Judah, and in Jerusalem let it be heard, and say, Blow the trumpet in the land; cry with a loud voice, and say, Assemble, and let us go into the defenced cities. Jer 4:6. Raise a standard toward Zion: save yourselves by flight, linger not; for from the north I bring evil and great destruction. Jer 4:7. A lion comes up from his thicket, and a destroyer of the nations is on his way, comes forth from his place, to make they land a waste, that thy cities be destroyed, without an inhabitant. Jer 4:8. For this gird you in sackcloth, lament and howl, for the heat of Jahveh's anger hath not turned itself from us. Jer 4:9. And it cometh t…
The coming army of Babylonian soldiers was like a cruel and vicious lion (see 2:15). With power and savagery, it would wipe out everything, leaving houses empty and in ruins (25:9, 38; 50:17; 2 Kgs 24:1; Isa 1:7; 6:11; Ezek 26:7-10; Dan 7:4).
Rashi on Jeremiah 4:7
A lion has come up That is Nebuchadnezzar.
from his thicket It is customary for a lion to lie in wait in the thickets of the forest (espaises in O.F.).
will be desolate Heb. תצינה, an expression of desolation.
"A lion has gone up," then, "from his lair." Where? When? He is fallen below, he has gone down into the lowest parts of the earth. "A lion has gone up from his lair." You are a man, you are higher than the devil; for you are stronger than he, whatever sort you may be; he, because of his wickedness, is below. "A lion has gone up," then, "from his lair, destroying he has cut off nations"; having gone up "from his lair," from the place proper to his own punishment, "destroying he has cut off nations; he has gone forth from his place to make your land a desolation." He wishes to enter into your land, concerning which we were speaking a little while ago. He wishes to feed upon each of us. He comes, then, "to make your land a" desolation, that the lion may trample down the seeds, that he may make your land desolate. "And your cities shall be pulled down so that they are not inhabited. For these things gird yourselves with sackcloth." Since, then, a lion has gone up and a lion threatens you and wishes to destroy your land, gird yourself with sackcloth, weep and mourn, through prayers entreat God, that he may utterly destroy this lion from you and that you may not fall into his mouth. For "just as when the shepherd snatches out of the mouth of the lion two legs or a lobe of an ear"—this lion seeks to take you by the ears, so that through your greediness, casting false words upon you, he may remove you from the truth; he wishes to snatch your feet away from the truth and devour them. But do you gird yourselves with sackcloth and beat your breast and weep and wail, seeing the enemy who is at hand, that "the fierceness of the Lord's anger" may be turned away from you, and, when the wrath has been turned away, you may be able, coming to be in freedom from care, the lion no longer creeping in upon you, because you have entered into the walled city, to glorify God who delivers you in Christ Jesus, to whom is the glory and the might unto the ages of the ages. Amen.
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).