a wink (of the eyes) · noun, common masculine singular absolute
die
יָמֻתוּ֮ya.mu.Tu
H4191
to die (literally or figuratively) · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
people
עָ֣ם'am
H5971
a people (as a congregated unit) · noun, common masculine singular absolute
troubled
יְגֹעֲשׁ֣וּye.go.'a.Shu
H1607
to agitate violently · verb, pual imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
midnight
וַחֲצ֪וֹתva.cha.Tzot
H2676
the middle (of the night) · conjunction + noun, common feminine singular construct
away
וְיַעֲבֹ֑רוּve.ya.'a.Vo.ru
H5674
to cross over · conjunction + verb, qal, 3rd person masculine plural
mighty
אַ֝בִּ֗יר'a.Bir
H47
mighty (spoken of God) · adjective, masculine singular absolute
away
וְיָסִ֥ירוּve·ya·Si·ru
H5493
to turn off (literal or figurative) · conjunction + verb, hiphil, 3rd person masculine plural
hand
בְיָֽדve.Yad
H3027
a hand (the open one (indicating power · preposition + noun, common both genders singular absolute
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Psalms 73:19 How are they brought into desolation, as in a moment! they are utterly consumed with terrors.
1 Samuel 25:37-39 But it came to pass in the morning, when the wine was gone out of Nabal, and his wife had told him these things, that his heart died within…
1 Samuel 26:10 David said furthermore, As the LORD liveth, the LORD shall smite him; or his day shall come to die; or he shall descend into battle, and per…
Job 12:19 He leadeth princes away spoiled, and overthroweth the mighty.
Job 36:20 Desire not the night, when people are cut off in their place.
Isaiah 10:16-19 Therefore shall the Lord, the Lord of hosts, send among his fat ones leanness; and under his glory he shall kindle a burning like the burnin…
Isaiah 30:13 Therefore this iniquity shall be to you as a breach ready to fall, swelling out in a high wall, whose breaking cometh suddenly at an instant…
Isaiah 30:30-33 And the LORD shall cause his glorious voice to be heard, and shall shew the lighting down of his arm, with the indignation of his anger, and…
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Job 34:16-30
Elihu here addresses himself more directly to Job. He had spoken to the rest (Job 34:10) as men of understanding; now, speaking to Job; he puts an if upon his understanding: If thou hast understanding, hear this and observe it, Job 34:16.
I. Hear this, That God is not to be quarrelled with for any thing that he does. It is daring presumption to arraign and condemn God's proceedings, as Job had done by his discontents. It was, 1. As absurd as it would be to advance one to power that is a professed enemy to justice: Shall even he that hates right govern? Job 34:17. The righteous Lord so loves righteousness that, in comparison with him, even Job himself, though a perfect and upright man, might…
they--"the rich" and "princes" who offend God.
the people--namely, of the guilty princes: guilty also themselves.
at midnight--image from a night attack of an enemy on a camp, which becomes an easy prey (Exo 12:29-30).
without hand--without visible agency, by the mere word of God (so Job 20:26; Zac 4:6; Dan 2:34).
Adam Clarke on Job 34:20
In a moment shall they die - Both are equally dependent on the Almighty for their breath and being; the mighty as well as the poor. If the great men of the earth have abused their power, he sometimes cuts them off by the most sudden and unexpected death; and even at midnight, when in security, and least capable of defense, they are cut off by the people whom they have oppressed, or by the invisible hand of the angel of death. This appears to be spoken in reference to Eastern tyrants, who seldom die a natural death.
John Gill on Job 34:20
In a moment shall they die,.... Princes as well as the common people, rich men as well as poor; all must and do die, great and small, high and low, kings and peasants, rich and poor men, and sometimes suddenly; are struck dead at once, and without any previous notice, that night, that hour, that moment their souls are required of them. The Targum interprets this of the men of Sodom. And Mr. Broughton, in his margin, refers to the history of them in Genesis 19:1;
and the people shall be troubled at midnight; either the common people, when their kings and governors die; or the relations and friends of persons deceased; and this circumstance "at midnight" is added, which makes the scene more m…
The Church Fathers
"They acted wickedly, when their weakness drove them away. Their exclusion strangely blinded them when, because of their weakness, they were deprived of this vision which discovers with what wisdom God leads everything, and disposes of everything. They went astray in their thoughts, to the point of believing that God was forgetting his creatures. So the emptiness was in their souls, when in the midst of their trials they implored the help of men instead of praying to God.
Suddenly shall they die, and the people shall bow down at midnight, and pass away. However long it be before the ungodly are taken out of this life, they are taken away suddenly, and at an instant, since they know not how to foresee their end by thinking on it. That is sudden to any one, which he has not been able to think of beforehand. That rich man was taken away suddenly, who left the barns which he was preparing, and found the place of hell, which he was not looking for. He was employing his soul in thinking in one direction, he parted with it in another by his sentence. He fixed his thoughts on one object when alive, he experienced another when he was dying. For he left those temporal things, which he had long engaged in, and he found eternal things which he did not look for. Whence, in consequence of this his blind ignorance, it is well said to him by the Divine sentence, This night do they require thy soul of thee. [Luke 12, 20] For that soul was taken away by night, which was lost in blindness of heart. That was taken away by night, which refused to enjoy the light of consideration, in order to foresee what it would suffer. Whence the Apostle Paul rightly says to his disciples who are thinking on future things, But ye, brethren, are not in darkness that that day should overtake you as a thief. Ye are all the children of light, and children of day; we are not of the night, nor of darkness. [l Thess. 5, 4. 5.] For the day of death seizes as a thief in the night, when it casts out the souls of foolish men, which do not look onward to the future. Whence it is here also fitly subjoined, And the people shall bow down at midnight, and pass away. They bow down and pass away at midnight, who are brought low and swept away by the darkness of their negligence. They will then be bowed down by the sentence of the Judge, who now refuse to bend with humility of heart. But the Elect bow themselves of their own accord in humility, that they may not be bowed down against their will in death. Whence is it said to Holy Church, of the converted children of her persecutors, The sons of them who humbled thee, shall come bending to thee. [Is. 60, 14] And he says properly of dying peoples, not that 'they will pass along,' but pass away, because simply by living in the world we are daily coming to an end, and we pass along this present life, as though wearing a track in a…
16 And oh understand now, hear this;
Hearken to the sound of my words.
17 Would one who hateth right also be able to subdue?
Or wilt thou condemn the All-just?
18 Is it becoming to say to a king: Worthless One!?
Thou evil-doer! to princes?
19 To Him who accepteth not the person of rulers,
And regardeth not the noble before the poor:
For they are all the work of His hands.
20 In a moment they die, and at midnight
The people are overthrown and perish,
And they put aside the mighty - not by the hand of man.
This strophe contains several grammatical rarities. At first sight it appears that Job 34:16 ought to be translated: "and if there is understanding (viz., to thee = if thou hast), then hear…
doesn’t care how great a person may be: Impartiality flows from God’s justice (Acts 10:34; Rom 2:11; Gal 2:6; Eph 6:9; Col 3:25; 1 Pet 1:17).
Rashi on Job 34:20
In a moment, they die when He wishes.
and at midnight as He did to the Egyptians,
an [entire] people quakes in a moment and passes away.
it is not in their hands it is not in their hands, and they have no strength.