to split (literally or figuratively) · verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
watercourse
תְּעָלָ֑הte.'a.Lah
H8585
a channel (into which water is raised for irrigation) · noun, common feminine singular absolute
waters
לַשֶּׁ֣טֶףla.She.tef
H7858
a deluge (literally or figuratively) · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
way
וְ֝דֶ֗רֶךְve.De.rekh
H1870
a road (as trodden) · conjunction + noun, common both genders singular absolute
lightning
לַחֲזִ֥יזla.cha.Ziz
H2385
a flash of lightning · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct
thunder
קֹלֽוֹתko.Lot
H6963
a voice or sound · noun, common feminine plural absolute
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Job 28:26 When he made a decree for the rain, and a way for the lightning of the thunder:
Psalms 29:3-10 The voice of the LORD is upon the waters: the God of glory thundereth: the LORD is upon many waters.
Job 36:27-28 For he maketh small the drops of water: they pour down rain according to the vapour thereof:
Job 37:3-6 He directeth it under the whole heaven, and his lightning unto the ends of the earth.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Job 38:25–end
Hitherto God had put such questions to Job as were proper to convince him of his ignorance and short-sightedness. Now he comes, in the same manner, to show his impotency and weakness. As it is but little that he knows, and therefore he ought not to arraign the divine counsels, so it is but little that he can do, and therefore he ought not to oppose the proceedings of Providence. Let him consider what great things God does, and try whether he can do the like, or whether he thinks himself an equal match for him.
I. God has thunder, and lightning, and rain, and frost, at command, but Job has not, and therefore let him not dare to compare himself with God, or to contend with him. Nothing is more…
waters--Rain falls, not in a mass on one spot, but in countless separate canals in the air marked out for them.
way for the lightning-- (Job 28:26).
Adam Clarke on Job 38:25
Divided a water-course - The original תעלה tealah, from עלה alah, to ascend, may signify rather a cloud, or clouds in general, where the waters are stored up. I cannot see how the overflowings or torrents of water can be said to ascend any other way than by evaporation; and it is by this Divine contrivance that the earth is not only irrigated, but even dried; and by this means too much moisture is not permitted to lie upon the ground, which would not only be injurious to vegetation, but even destroy it. But query, may not a waterspout be intended?
A way for the lightning of thunder - "A path for the bolt of thunder." God is represented as directing the course even of the lightning; he launch…
Who hath divided a watercourse for the overflowing of waters,.... For a very large shower of rain, as the Vulgate Latin version: for this is not to be understood of an aqueduct, channel, or canal made on earth, either for the draining of waters off of land overflowed thereby, or for the conveyance of it to different parts to overflow it; such as were cut out of the Nile in Egypt, for the overflowing of the land, to make it fruitful; such may be and have been made by men: but of a watercourse in the air or atmosphere, as a canal or channel, for the rain to come down upon the earth; and this is the work of God, and him only, who directs and steers the course of rain, that it falls regularly an…
The Church Fathers
"Who traced, with impetuous rains, the bed of a river, delivered passage to the cries of the storms? Let us see here with brevity the Lord enumerates in three words all that must be despised in temptation by those who build on the rock, which, on the contrary, those who build on the sand must fear. He names the rain, the riverbed, the voice of the storm or the wind. To be tempted by the rain is to expose oneself to sin, misunderstanding what is most pointed out in the holy Scriptures; if, for example, on the occasion of this passage: "The one to whom he is less pardoned loves less," 2 someone would say, "Let us do evil, so that good may come." ), and that he should remain in sin in order to make grace abound (4). There are a host of other passages in which the reckless misinterpret the word of God, and lose themselves by promising themselves impunity, under the pretext that the Scriptures continually exalt divine goodness. To be tempted by the river is to follow the authors of these fatal interpretations. He calls the river the torrent formed by the waters of the rain. "Who has traced," said he, "the bed of a raging river," that is to say, the bed where they gather and flow? There are, then, vessels of anger prepared for perdition, 1 which hear the Scriptures as we have just said. They give free rein to the floods of their pernicious teachings, which nevertheless the fertile fields know how to repel; they agitate overthrow and drag away all that is without consistency with all the more impetuosity, that they seem led by the authority of God. To be tempted by the winds is to listen to the voice of the proud, whose empty speeches have no other support than their feeble reason. When a man, by resisting divine precepts, has prepared his condemnation to the judgment of God, and built on the sand, he will not be able to resist the breath of these winds, and his fall delivers passage, to the voices of the storm. I believe that these words, "impetuous rains," designate passages difficult to fix, to understand.
Who hath given a course for the most violent shower, and a way for the sounding thunder? If, as we said before, that persecution in the regions of Judaea is designated by the name of divided heat, because this very fierceness of persecution kept not from their office of preaching, through any fear, the holy preachers, who were assisted by the gift from on high, He fitly subjoins; Who hath given a course for the most violent showers? As if He were saying, Except Myself. For to have given a course to the most violent showers, when the heat was divided, is to have strengthened the force of preaching, amid the very difficulties of persecution, in order that the power of preachers might the more increase, the more the cruelty of persecutors stood in their way, so that they might bedew the thirsty hearts of their hearers with drops of rain, and water more abundantly the drought of unbelief; and that though the heat of cruelty was glowing against them, yet the voice of grace might not through them be silent. Paul was both enduring and watering this heat of persecution, when saying, I labour even to bonds, as an evil doer, but the word of God is not bound. Of this shower it is said elsewhere; I will command the clouds that they rain no rain upon it. Of this course of the shower which is going on in the hearts of the Elect, the Psalmist witnesses, saying; His word runneth swiftly. But it is generally a shower only, and has no course; because preaching comes to the ears, but inward grace not acting, it passes not through to the hearts of the hearers. And of the words of this preaching it is said, on account of the Elect; For thine arrows passed through. For the arrows of God pass through, when the words of His preaching descend from the ears to the hearts. And because this is effected solely by Divine grace, the Lord witnesses that He has given a course to the shower. But I see it must be observed, that He calls this same shower not 'violent,' but 'most violent.' A violent shower is great force; but a most violent one, is the boundless power of preaching. For it was a violent shower, when holy preachers were advising the belief of eternal joy. But 'most violent,' when they were advising men that on account of their hope their interest should be abandoned, all visible objects despised on account of invisible, and that the pains and tortures of this present world…
Dictionary and topics
Conduit — A water-course or channel (Job 38:25). The “conduit of the upper pool” (Isa. 7:3) was formed by Hezekiah for the purpose of conveying the waters from the upper pool in the valley of Gihon to the west…
River — (1.) Heb. ‘aphik, properly the channel or ravine that holds water (2 Sam. 22:16), translated “brook,” “river,” “stream,” but not necessarily a perennial stream (Ezek. 6:3; 31:12; 32:6; 34:13). (2.)…
Lightning · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
22 Hast thou reached the treasures of the snow,
And didst thou see the treasures of the hail,
23 Which I have reserved for a time of trouble,
For the day of battle and war?
24 Which is the way where the light is divided,
Where the east wind is scattered over the earth?
25 Who divideth a course for the rain-flood
And the way of the lightning of thunder,
26 That it raineth on the land where no one dwelleth,
On the tenantless steppe,
27 To satisfy the desolate and the waste,
And to cause the tender shoot of the grass to spring forth?
The idea in Job 38:22 is not that - as for instance the peasants of Menn, four hours' journey from Damascus, garner up the winter snow in a cleft of the rock, in o…
The east wind blows off the desert to scorch crops (Gen 41:6, 23, 27; Jer 4:11; Jon 4:8) and dry up seas (Exod 14:21; Isa 11:15). It is an arid contrast to the torrents of rain that cause flooding. • Beneficial rain to satisfy the parched ground (Pss 104:10-11; 107:35; Isa 35:7; 58:11) stands in contrast to both scorching winds (Job 38:24) and flooding rains (38:25).
Rashi on Job 38:25
Who has separated a place for the hair Heb. לטשף. In Arabia, a hair is called שִׁיטְפָא. To every hair on the head I have given תְעָלָה, a separate shaft from which to draw sap. If two would draw from the same shaft, a person’s eyesight would fail. These have not been changed by Me, how then should I change אִיוֹב, Job, for אוֹיֵב, enemy? And this is the meaning of מן הסערה, from the hair. Another explanation: לַשֶטֶף a streaming raindrop. I set apart for each drop a hole in the clouds, for if they were to come down [together] from one opening, they would soften the earth and turn it into a mire.
and a way for the cloud of the thunderclaps who parted? Every thunderclap has its own path, and…