John 19:3

And said, Hail, King of the Jews! and they smote him with their hands.

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Word by word — the Greek

Word	Greek	Strong’s	Meaning
And	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
said	ἔλεγον· elegon	G3004	properly · verb — imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural
Hail	χαῖρε, chaire	G5463	to be "cheer"ful · verb — present active imperative, 2nd person singular
King	βασιλεὺς basileus	G935	a sovereign (abstractly · noun — vocative singular masculine, a title
Jews	Ἰουδαίων. Ioudaiōn	G2453	Judæan · noun — genitive plural masculine, a people name
and	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
smote	ἐδίδοσαν edidosan	G1325	to give (used in a very wide application · verb — imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural
him	αὐτὸν auton	G846	the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — accusative singular masculine
hands	ῥαπίσματα.¶ rhapismata	G4475	a slap · noun — accusative plural neuter

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Matthew 27:29 And when they had platted a crown of thorns, they put it upon his head, and a reed in his right hand: and they bowed the knee before him, an…
Matthew 26:49 And forthwith he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, master; and kissed him.
Luke 1:28 And the angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art highly favoured, the Lord is with thee: blessed art thou among women.
John 18:33 Then Pilate entered into the judgment hall again, and called Jesus, and said unto him, Art thou the King of the Jews?
John 19:19-22 And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross. And the writing was, JESUS OF NAZARETH THE KING OF THE JEWS.
John 18:22 And when he had thus spoken, one of the officers which stood by struck Jesus with the palm of his hand, saying, Answerest thou the high prie…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on John 19:1-15

Here is a further account of the unfair trial which they gave to our Lord Jesus. The prosecutors carrying it on with great confusion among the people, and the judge with great confusion in his own breast, between both the narrative is such as is not easily reduced to method; we must therefore take the parts of it as they lie. I. The judge abuses the prisoner, though he declares him innocent, and hopes therewith to pacify the prosecutors; wherein his intention, if indeed it was good, will by no means justify his proceedings, which were palpably unjust. 1. He ordered him to be whipped as a criminal, Joh 19:1. Pilate, seeing the people so outrageous, and being disappointed in his project of rel…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on John 19:3

And said, Hail, King of the Jews!--doing Him derisive homage, in the form used on approaching the emperors. "And they spit upon Him, and took the reed and smote Him on the head" (Mat 27:30). The best comment on these affecting details is to cover the face.

Adam Clarke on John 19:2

Platted a crown of thorns - See on Mat 27:29 (note).

John Gill on John 19:3

And said, hail, King of the Jews!.... Some copies before this clause read, "and they came unto him"; and so read the Vulgate Latin, Arabic, Coptic, and Ethiopic versions; that is, they came and prostrated themselves before him; bowed the knee unto him, and addressed him in a mock way, as if he was an earthly monarch just come to his crown, and whom they wished long to live; thus mocking at his kingly office, and despising him under that character, as many do now: some will not have him to reign over them, but reject him as King; and others, though in words they own him to be King, yet disregard his commands, and act no better part than these scoffing soldiers did: and they smote him with th…

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The Church Fathers

They dressed him in a purple robe in mockery, of course. But they also fulfilled the prophecy, doing so under inspiration. For he was a King. However much they did it in a spirit of derision, still they did it. His royal dignity was emblematically heralded. So, likewise, though it was with thorns they crowned him, it was still a crown. And it was soldiers who crowned him. Kings are proclaimed by soldiers.
— Cyril of Jerusalem, SERMON ON THE PARALYTIC 12

(Hom. xxxiv) It was not at the command of the governor that they did this, but in order to gratify the Jews. For neither were they commanded by him to go to the garden in the night, but the Jews gave them money to go. He bore however all these insults silently. Yet do thou, when thou hearest of them, keep stedfastly in thy mind the King of the whole earth, and Lord of Angels bearing all these contumelies in silence, and imitate His example.
— John Chrysostom ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Humiliation of Christ — (Phil. 2:8), seen in (1) his birth (Gal. 4:4; Luke 2:7; John 1:46; Heb. 2:9), (2) his circumstances, (3) his reputation (Isa. 53; Matt. 26:59, 67; Ps. 22:6; Matt. 26:68), (4) his soul (Ps. 22:1;…
Myrrh — Heb. mor. (1.) First mentioned as a principal ingredient in the holy anointing oil (Ex. 30:23). It formed part of the gifts brought by the wise men from the east, who came to worship the infant Jesus…
Praetorium — The Greek word (praitorion) thus rendered in Mark 15:16 is rendered “common hall” (Matt. 27:27, marg., “governor’s house”), “judgment hall,” (John 18:28, 33, marg., “Pilate’s house”, 19:9; Acts…
Assault And Battery · .The attacks upon — .The attacks upon
Cruelty · . — .
Hands, The · Operations of, mentioned: Striking — Operations of, mentioned: Striking
Irony · .The Roman — .The Roman
Mocking · The persecutors of Jesus mock him — The persecutors of Jesus mock him

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

John 19:3

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on John 19:1-15

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on John 19:3

Adam Clarke on John 19:2

John Gill on John 19:3

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John 19:3

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on John 19:1-15

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on John 19:3

Adam Clarke on John 19:2

John Gill on John 19:3

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on John 19:1-6

Tyndale Open Study Notes on John 19:2