Jonah 1:5

Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man unto his god, and cast forth the wares that were in the ship into the sea, to lighten it of them. But Jonah was gone down into the sides of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
mariners	הַמַּלָּחִ֗ים ha.ma.la.Chim	H4419	a sailor (as following 'the salt') · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
afraid	וַיִּֽירְא֣וּ vai.yi.re.'U	H3372	to fear · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
cried	וַֽיִּזְעֲקוּ֮ vai.yiz.'a.Ku	H2199	to shriek (from anguish or danger) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
man	אִ֣ישׁ 'ish	H376	a man as an individual or a male person · noun, common masculine singular absolute
god	אֱלֹהָיו֒ 'e.lo.Hav	H430	gods in the ordinary sense · noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
forth	וַיָּטִ֨לוּ vai.ya.Ti.lu	H2904	to pitch over or reel · conjunction + verb, hiphil sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
wares	הַכֵּלִ֜ים ha.ke.Lim	H3627	something prepared · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
ship	בָּֽאֳנִיָּה֙ bo.'o.ni.Yah	H591	a ship · preposition with the article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
sea	הַיָּ֔ם hai.Yam	H3220	a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
lighten	לְהָקֵ֖ל le.ha.Kel	H7043	to be (causatively · preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct
Jonah	וְיוֹנָ֗ה ve.yo.Nah	H3124	Jonah · conjunction + proper noun, a man's name
down	יָרַד֙ ya.Rad	H3381	to descend (literally · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
sides	יַרְכְּתֵ֣י yar.ke.Tei	H3411	properly · noun, common feminine dual construct
ship	הַסְּפִינָ֔ה ha.se.fi.Nah	H5600	a (sea-going) vessel (as ceiled with a deck) · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
lay	וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב vai.yish.Kav	H7901	to lie down (for rest · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
asleep	וַיֵּרָדַֽם vai.ye.ra.Dam	H7290	to stun · conjunction + verb, niphal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Jeremiah 2:28 But where are thy gods that thou hast made thee? let them arise, if they can save thee in the time of thy trouble: for according to the numb…
Acts 27:18-19 And we being exceedingly tossed with a tempest, the next day they lightened the ship;
1 Kings 18:26 And they took the bullock which was given them, and they dressed it, and called on the name of Baal from morning even until noon, saying, O…
Judges 16:19 And she made him sleep upon her knees; and she called for a man, and she caused him to shave off the seven locks of his head; and she began…
Isaiah 45:20 Assemble yourselves and come; draw near together, ye that are escaped of the nations: they have no knowledge that set up the wood of their g…
Jonah 1:6 So the shipmaster came to him, and said unto him, What meanest thou, O sleeper? arise, call upon thy God, if so be that God will think upon…
Luke 22:45-46 And when he rose up from prayer, and was come to his disciples, he found them sleeping for sorrow,
1 Samuel 24:3 And he came to the sheepcotes by the way, where was a cave; and Saul went in to cover his feet: and David and his men remained in the sides…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Jonah 1:4-10

When Jonah was set on ship-board, and under sail for Tarshish, he thought himself safe enough; but here we find him pursued and overtaken, discovered and convicted as a deserter from God, as one that had run his colours. I. God sends a pursuer after him, a mighty tempest in the sea, Jon 1:4. God has the winds in his treasure (Psa 135:7), and out of these treasures God sent forth, he cast forth (so the word is), with force and violence, a great wind into the sea; even stormy winds fulfil his word, and are often the messengers of his wrath; he gathers the winds in his fist (Pro 30:4), where he holds them, and whence he squeezes them when he pleases; for though, as to us, the wind blows where i…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Jonah 1:5

mariners were afraid--though used to storms; the danger therefore must have been extreme. cried every man unto his god--The idols proved unable to save them, though each, according to PhÅ“nician custom, called on his tutelary god. But Jehovah proved able: and the heathen sailors owned it in the end by sacrificing to Him (). into the sides--that is, the interior recesses (compare ; , ). Those conscious of guilt shrink from the presence of their fellow man into concealment. fast asleep--Sleep is no necessary proof of innocence; it may be the fruit of carnal security and a seared conscience. How different was Jesus' sleep on the Sea of Galilee! (). Guilty Jonah's indifference to fear cont…

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Adam Clarke on Jonah 1:5

Cried every man unto his god - The ship's crew were all heathens; and, it is probable, heathens who had each a different object of religious worship. Cast forth the wares - Threw the lading overboard to lighten the ship, hoping the better to ride out the storm. Jonah was gone down - Most probably into the hold or cabin under the deck; or where they had berths for passengers in the sides of the ship, something in the manner of our packets. Was fast asleep - Probably quite exhausted and overcome with distress, which in many cases terminates in a deep sleep. So the disciples in the garden of Gethsemane.

The Church Fathers

This is done in the greatest danger, in order that the ship, once lightened, may be borne up by the waves more easily.
— Haimo of Auxerre,

From this we understand that God is feared and perceived by all men, although they may be seduced by false religions from the one and true god to many gods.
— Haimo of Auxerre,

he slept because he was overcome by weariness, just as we also read that the Apostles, overcome by sorrow, were pressed down by sleep in the Passion of the Lord (Mk 14:37-41).
— Haimo of Auxerre,

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Ship — No one writer in the whole range of Greek and Roman literature has supplied us with so much information concerning the merchant-ships of the ancients as St. Luke in the narrative of St. Paul’s voyage…
Commerce · Articles of, called: Wares — Articles of, called: Wares
Converts · .The mariners with Jonah — .The mariners with Jonah
Idolatry · .Prayers to idols — .Prayers to idols
Jonah · Di — Di
Mariners (Sailors) · Perils of — Perils of
Ships · Parts of mentioned: The hold or between the sides — Parts of mentioned: The hold or between the sides
Superstition · .The sailors who threw Jonah into the sea — .The sailors who threw Jonah into the sea

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Jonah 1:5

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Jonah 1:4-10

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Jonah 1:5

Adam Clarke on Jonah 1:5

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Jonah 1:5

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Jonah 1:4-10

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Jonah 1:5

Adam Clarke on Jonah 1:5

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John Gill on Jonah 1:5

John Calvin on Jonah 1:5

Keil & Delitzsch on Jonah 1:4-5

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Jonah 1:5-6

Rashi on Jonah 1:5