And all the cities of those kings, and all the kings of them, did Joshua take, and smote them with the edge of the sword, and he utterly destroyed them, as Moses the servant of the LORD commanded.
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the wi… · noun, common masculine plural construct
kings
הַמְּלָכִֽיםha.me.la.khim-
H4428
a king · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
kings
מַלְכֵיהֶ֞םmal.khei.Hem
H4428
a king · noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
Joshua
יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַye.ho.Shu.a'
H3091
Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua) · proper noun, a man's name
take
לָכַ֧דla.Khad
H3920
to catch (in a net · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
smote
וַיַּכֵּ֥םvai.ya.Kem
H5221
to strike (lightly or severely · conjunction + verb, hiphil sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
edge
לְפִיle.fi-
H6310
the mouth (as the means of blowing) · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct
sword
חֶ֖רֶבChe.rev
H2719
drought · noun, common feminine singular absolute
destroyed
הֶחֱרִ֣יםhe.che.Rim
H2763
to seclude · verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Moses
מֹשֶׁ֖הmo.Sheh
H4872
Mosheh · proper noun, a man's name
servant
עֶ֥בֶד'E.ved
H5650
a servant · noun, common masculine singular construct
LORD
יְהוָֽהYah.weh
H3068
Jehovah · proper noun, a title
commanded
צִוָּ֔הtzi.Vah
H6680
(intensively) to constitute · verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Deuteronomy 7:2 And when the LORD thy God shall deliver them before thee; thou shalt smite them, and utterly destroy them; thou shalt make no covenant with…
Deuteronomy 20:16-17 But of the cities of these people, which the LORD thy God doth give thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth:
Numbers 33:50-53 And the LORD spake unto Moses in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho, saying,
Joshua 8:8 And it shall be, when ye have taken the city, that ye shall set the city on fire: according to the commandment of the LORD shall ye do. See,…
Joshua 8:31 As Moses the servant of the LORD commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of whole stone…
Joshua 9:24 And they answered Joshua, and said, Because it was certainly told thy servants, how that the LORD thy God commanded his servant Moses to giv…
Joshua 10:28 And that day Joshua took Makkedah, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and the king thereof he utterly destroyed, them, and all the sou…
Joshua 10:30 And the LORD delivered it also, and the king thereof, into the hand of Israel; and he smote it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls…
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Joshua 11:10-14
We have here the same improvement made of this victory as was made of that in the foregoing chapter. 1. The destruction of Hazor is particularly recorded, because in it, and by the king thereof, this daring design against Israel was laid, Jos 11:10, Jos 11:11. The king of Hazor, it seems, escaped with his life out of the battle, and thought himself safe when he had got back into his own city, and Joshua had gone in pursuit of the scattered troops another way. But it proved that that which he thought would be for his welfare was his trap; in it he was taken as in an evil net; there he was slain, and his city, for his sake, burned. Yet we find that the remains of it being not well looked after…
he burnt Hazor with fire--calmly and deliberately, doubtless, according to divine direction.
Adam Clarke on Joshua 11:10
Took Hazor - See on Jos 11:1 (note).
John Gill on Joshua 11:12
And all the cities of those kings, and all the kings of them did Joshua take,.... As particularly Madon, Shimron, and Achshaph, with others which he marched unto, after he had burnt Hazor; in which he took their kings, whither they had fled, or else he had taken them before in the pursuit:
and smote them with the edge of the sword; both the kings and the inhabitants of those cities:
and he utterly destroyed them, as Moses the servant of the Lord commanded; so that, in doing what he did, he did not indulge a spirit of revenge, cruelty, and avarice, but had regard purely to the command of Moses, which was of God, Deuteronomy 7:1.
John Calvin on Joshua 11:1-15
Joshua 11:1-15
1. And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard those things, that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph,
1. Quum autem Jabim rex Hasor, misit ad Jobab regem Madam, et ad regem Simeron, et ad regem Achsaph,
2. And to the kings that were on the north of the mountains, and of the plains south of Chinneroth, and in the valley, and in the borders of Dor on the west,
2. Ad reges quoque qui habitabunt ab aquilone in montanis, et in planitie ad meridiem Cineroth, et in planitie in Naphoth-Dor ab occidente.
3. And to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and to the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and…
The Church Fathers
"And all their kings," it says, "Jesus slew with the death of the sword." In all of us "sin reigned" and in all of us the vices reigned and there was in all of us a general reign of sin, just as the Apostle also says, "for all have sinned and lack the glory of God." Yet each one had within himself some special king, who reigned in him and dominated him. For example, in one avarice held the reign, in another pride, lying reigned in another, lust dominated another, and another endured fury as king. But that these things are so and that "sin reigns" in each one of us, believe the Apostle Paul saying; for he says, "let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body so as to obey it." There was, therefore, a reign of sin in each one of us, before we believed. But afterward, when Jesus came, he both slew all the kings who held in us the reigns of sin, and commanded us to slay all those kings and "to leave none of them." For if anyone keeps any one of these alive within himself, he will not be able to be in the army of Jesus. If, therefore, avarice still reigns in you, if boastfulness, if pride, if lust, you will not be an Israelite soldier nor do you fulfill the precept which the Lord gave to Jesus. "As Moses the servant of the Lord appointed for him," it says. This "Moses the servant of the Lord" is called the very word of the law, just as in the Gospel too it says, "they have Moses and the prophets, let them hear those." The law, therefore, has commanded us to slay all the kings of sin, which provoke us to sin. "Thus did Jesus, and he did not transgress anything of all that Moses appointed for him." We said indeed, according to the earlier order of exposition, that whatever the law of God, who is now called Moses, appointed, Jesus fulfills in us and he is the one who slays the vices in us and overturns the most wicked reigns of sin. Yet it can also be said of the Lord and our Savior himself that all things which Moses commanded in the law "Jesus did, and did not transgress anything," since indeed the Apostle says, "when the fullness of times had come, God sent his Son, made from a woman, made under the law." If therefore "he was made under the law," since he was "under the law," he fulfilled all things which the law commanded, that he might redeem us from the curse of the law. But he himself too says of himself, "I came not to loose the law, but to fulfill it."
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Fenced cities — There were in Palestine (1) cities, (2) unwalled villages, and (3) villages with castles or towers (1 Chr. 27:25). Cities, so called, had walls, and were thus fenced. The fortifications consisted of…
Jabin — Discerner; the wise. (1.) A king of Hazor, at the time of the entrance of Israel into Canaan (Josh. 11:1-14), whose overthrow and that of the northern chief with whom he had entered into a…
Salmon — Garment, the son of Nashon (Ruth 4:20; Matt. 1:4, 5), possibly the same as Salma in 1 Chr. 2:51.
Canaanites · General references — General references
Jabin · Names of two kings of Hazor — Names of two kings of Hazor
Massacre · .Of Hazor — .Of Hazor
War · Of extermination — Of extermination
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
Joshua 11:12 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
The War in Northern Canaan. - Jos 11:1-3. On receiving intelligence of what had occurred in the south, the king of Hazor formed an alliance with the kings of Madon, Shimron, and Achshaph, and other kings of the north, to make a common attack upon the Israelites. This league originated with Jabin the king of Hazor, because Hazor was formerly the head of all the kingdoms of northern Canaan (Jos 11:10). Hazor, which Joshua conquered and burned to the ground (Jos 11:10, Jos 11:11), was afterwards restored, and became a capital again (Jdg 4:2; Sa1 12:9); it was fortified by Solomon (Kg1 9:15), and taken by Tiglath-Pileser (Kg2 15:29). It belonged to the tribe of Naphtali (Jos 19:36), but has not…
completely destroyed: Archaeological excavation confirms that the city of Hazor was destroyed by fire during this period.
Rashi on Joshua 11:8
מִשְׂרְפוֹת מַיִם2From the word שְׂרֵפָה, fire or burning. Thus the Targum proceeds to explain: the burning of water, מַיִם. Targum Yonasan translates, sea-ditches. They dug ditches and the sea water would flow into them, and the water would be burned [evaporate] from the heat of the sun and would turn into salt.
