Joshua 11:23 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
Joshua 11:23
So Joshua took the whole land, according to all that the LORD said unto Moses; and Joshua gave it for an inheritance unto Israel according to their divisions by their tribes. And the land rested from war.
Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua) · proper noun, a man's name
took
וַיִּקַּ֨חvai.yi.Kach
H3947
to take (in the widest variety of applications) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
land
הָאָ֗רֶץha.'A.retz
H776
the earth (at large · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
LORD
יְהוָה֮Yah.weh
H3068
Jehovah · proper noun, a title
said
דִּבֶּ֣רdi.Ber
H1696
perhaps properly · verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Moses
מֹשֶׁה֒mo.Sheh
H4872
Mosheh · proper noun, a man's name
Joshua
יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַye.ho.Shu.a'
H3091
Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua) · proper noun, a man's name
gave
וַיִּתְּנָהּ֩vai.yi.te.Nah
H5414
to give · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + pronominal suffix, 3rd person feminine singular
inheritance
לְנַחֲלָ֧הle.na.cha.Lah
H5159
properly · preposition + noun, common feminine singular absolute
Israel
לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֛לle.Yis.ra.'El
H3478
Jisrael · preposition + proper noun, a place name
divisions
כְּמַחְלְקֹתָ֖םke.mach.le.ko.Tam
H4256
a section (of Levites · preposition + noun, common feminine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
tribes
לְשִׁבְטֵיהֶ֑םle.shiv.tei.Hem
H7626
a scion · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
land
וְהָאָ֥רֶץve.ha.'A.retz
H776
the earth (at large · conjunction + definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
rested
שָׁקְטָ֖הsha.ke.Tah
H8252
to repose (usually figurative) · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular
war
מִמִּלְחָמָֽהmi.mil.cha.Mah
H4421
a battle (i.e. the engagement) · preposition + noun, common feminine singular absolute
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Joshua 21:44-45 And the LORD gave them rest round about, according to all that he sware unto their fathers: and there stood not a man of all their enemies b…
Psalms 46:9 He maketh wars to cease unto the end of the earth; he breaketh the bow, and cutteth the spear in sunder; he burneth the chariot in the fire.
Exodus 23:27-31 I will send my fear before thee, and will destroy all the people to whom thou shalt come, and I will make all thine enemies turn their backs…
Joshua 14:1-15 And these are the countries which the children of Israel inherited in the land of Canaan, which Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nu…
Exodus 34:11 Observe thou that which I command thee this day: behold, I drive out before thee the Amorite, and the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Pe…
Numbers 34:2-13 Command the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye come into the land of Canaan; (this is the land that shall fall unto you for an i…
Deuteronomy 1:38 But Joshua the son of Nun, which standeth before thee, he shall go in thither: encourage him: for he shall cause Israel to inherit it.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Joshua 11:15–end
We have here the conclusion of this whole matter.
I. A short account is here given of what was done in four things: - 1. The obstinacy of the Canaanites in their opposition to the Israelites. It was strange that though it appeared so manifestly that God fought for Israel, and in every engagement the Canaanites had the worst of it, yet they stood it out to the last; not one city made peace with Israel, but the Gibeonites only, who understood the things that belonged to their peace better than their neighbours, Jos 11:19. It is intimated that other cities might have made as good terms for themselves, without ragged clothes and clouted shoes, if they would have humbled themselves, but they neve…
Joshua took the whole land--The battle of the take of Merom was to the north what the battle of Beth-horon was to the south; more briefly told and less complete in its consequences; but still the decisive conflict by which the whole northern region of Canaan fell into the hands of Israel [STANLEY].
Next: Joshua Chapter 12
Adam Clarke on Joshua 11:23
So Joshua took the whole land - All the country described here and in the preceding chapter. Besides the multitudes that perished in this war, many of the Canaanites took refuge in the confines of the land, and in the neighboring nations. Some suppose that a party of these fugitive Canaanites made themselves masters of Lower Egypt, and founded a dynasty there known by the name of the shepherd kings; but it is more probable that the shepherds occupied Egypt long before the time that Jacob went thither to sojourn. It is said they founded Tingris or Tangier, where, according to Procopius, they erected two white pillars with an inscription in the Phoenician language, of which this is the transla…
So Joshua took the whole land,.... Of Canaan, the far greater and better part of it, all before described; all that he went against, he failed not in any of his attempts; no place stood out against him that he besieged or summoned, all yielded to him:
according to all that the Lord said unto Moses: in Deuteronomy 11:23,
and Joshua gave it for an inheritance unto Israel, according to their divisions by their tribes; as is after related in this book:
and the land rested from war; there were no combinations of any of the dispersed Canaanites, or insurrections made by them, nor any annoyance given to Israel by the Philistines, who inhabited five principal cities, with what belonged to them; n…
The Church Fathers
But it is said in what follows that "Jesus took all the land, as the Lord commanded Moses." That "Jesus," the son of Nave, I do not see that he "took all the land." For how much "land did he take," who held Judaea alone? But our Lord Jesus himself truly "took all the land" in this, that from "all the earth" and from all the nations a multitude of believers ran together to him. It is also added after these things, after "Jesus took all the land": "and the land rested from wars," it says. How will this seem to be truly said of the son of Nave, that "the land ceased from wars," which almost never in his times "ceased from wars"? But this is fulfilled in my Lord Jesus Christ alone. For if you consider yourself, you who have come to Jesus and have obtained from him through the grace of baptism the remission of sins, and now in you "the flesh does not fight against the spirit, and the spirit against the flesh," your "land has ceased from wars," if however you "carry about the death of Jesus Christ in your body," so that, all battles ceasing in you, you may become "peaceable" and be called "a son of God." But this will come to pass after you have completed the battles and conquered the adversaries. Then rest will be given to you, so that you may "rest under your vine," which is Christ Jesus, "and under your fig tree," which is the Holy Spirit, so that thus you may render thanks to God the Father almighty in the same Christ Jesus our Lord, "to whom is glory and dominion unto the ages of ages. Amen!"
Under Moses it was not said, what is said under Jesus, that: "the land rested from wars." It is certain that this land of ours also, in which we have contests and endure combats, will be able to rest from wars only by the power of Jesus the Lord. For within us are all these nations of vices, which continually and unceasingly assail the soul. Within us are the "Canaanites," within us are the "Perizzites," here are the "Jebusites." How we must labor, how we must keep watch, and for how long we must persevere, that when all these nations of vices have been put to flight from us, at length "our land may rest from wars"? And therefore the prophet admonishes us to "meditate on the law of the Lord day and night." This meditation upon the divine words is surely like a kind of trumpet, rousing your spirits to battle, lest perhaps, while the adversary keeps watch, you should sleep. Therefore the "day" is not sufficient for meditating, but the "night" too is added. But what will you do, who not only sleep by night, but also all day long serve either the occupations of the world or the delights of the flesh, and scarcely and rarely gather at church on the appointed days? Some of you, moreover, even when coming do not come, because in coming they give their leisure not to the word of God but to idle tales. On account of which the divine word says to you: "Rise, you who sleep, and rise from the dead, that you may lay hold of Christ." For "rise from the dead" is said to those who remain in the works of death, persisting in their uncleannesses and crimes; which, although they be not manifest to men, are nevertheless known to God. But at least on this account do penance and turn to the Lord with your whole heart, give your leisure to prayers, give your leisure to the word of God.
Dictionary and topics
Joshua — Jehovah is his help, or Jehovah the Saviour. The son of Nun, of the tribe of Ephraim, the successor of Moses as the leader of Israel. He is called Jehoshua in Num. 13:16 (A.V.), and Jesus in Acts…
Salmon — Garment, the son of Nashon (Ruth 4:20; Matt. 1:4, 5), possibly the same as Salma in 1 Chr. 2:51.
Types Of Christ · Joshua — Joshua
War · Of extermination — Of extermination
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
Joshua 11:16-23
16. So Joshua took all that land, the hills, and all the south country, and all the land of Goshen, and the valley, and the plain, and the mountain of Israel, and the valley of the same;
16. Et cepit Josue omnem terram istam montanam, et omnem australem, omnemque Gosen et planitiem atque campestria, montem quoque Israel et planitiem ejus.
17. Even from the mount Halak, that goeth up to Seir, even unto Baalgad in the valley of Lebanon under mount Hermon: and all their kings he took, and smote them, and slew them.
17. A monte Laevi qui assurgit versus Seir usque ad Baalgad in campo Libani sub monte Hermon: omnes quoque reges eorum cepit, et percussit eos et interfecit.
18.…
In Jos 11:21, Jos 11:22, the destruction of the Anakites upon the mountains of Judah and Israel is introduced in a supplementary form, which completes the history of the subjugation and extermination of the Canaanites in the south of the land (Josh 10). This supplement is not to be regarded either as a fragment interpolated by a different hand, or as a passage borrowed from another source. On the contrary, the author himself thought it necessary, having special regard to Num 13:28, Num 13:31., to mention expressly that Joshua also rooted out from their settlements the sons of Anak, whom the spies in the time of Moses had described as terrible giants, and drove them into the Philistine cities…
The major theme of the second half of Joshua is dividing the land. • rest: See study note on 1:13.
Rashi on Joshua 11:18
For many days did Yehoshua. This verse was said to criticize Yehoshua, who intended to delay the conquest of the land, in order to lengthen his days, for it is said, “And you will apportion it to them.”6It took seven years for Yehoshua to conquer the whole land. Our Sages say that he could have conquered the land more quickly. It did not have to take seven years. Yehoshua was reluctant to complete the conquest of the land and divide it between the tribes. He was afraid that once he completed it, he would die. He knew his mission in life was to bring Bnei Yisroel into Eretz Yisroel and settle them there. Once his mission was completed, his life would have no further purpose. See Devorim 31:7…