Joshua 12:2

Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is upon the bank of the river Arnon, and from the middle of the river, and from half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, which is the border of the children of Ammon;

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
Sihon	סִיחוֹן֙ si.chOn	H5511	Sichon · proper noun, a man's name
king	מֶ֣לֶךְ Me.lekh	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Amorites	הָאֱמֹרִ֔י ha.'e.mo.Ri	H567	an Emorite · definite article + noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute
dwelt	הַיּוֹשֵׁ֖ב hai.yo.Shev	H3427	properly · definite article + verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
Heshbon	בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן be.chesh.Bon	H2809	Cheshbon · preposition + proper noun, a place name
ruled	מֹשֵׁ֡ל mo.Shel	H4910	to rule · verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
Aroer	מֵעֲרוֹעֵ֡ר me.'a.ro.'Er	H6177	Aroer · preposition + proper noun, a place name
bank	שְׂפַת se.fat-	H8193	the lip (as a natural boundary) · noun, common feminine singular construct
river	נַ֨חַל Na.chal	H5158	a stream · noun, common masculine singular construct
Arnon	אַרְנ֜וֹן 'ar.Non	H769	the Arnon · proper noun, a place name
middle	וְת֤וֹךְ ve.Tokh	H8432	a bisection · conjunction + noun, common masculine singular construct
river	הַנַּ֙חַל֙ ha.Na.chal	H5158	a stream · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
half	וַחֲצִ֣י va.cha.Tzi	H2677	the half or middle · conjunction + noun, common masculine singular construct
Gilead	הַגִּלְעָ֔ד ha.gil.'Ad	H1568	Gilad · definite article + proper noun, a place name
river	הַנַּ֔חַל ha.Na.chal	H5158	a stream · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
Jabbok	יַבֹּ֣ק ya.Bok	H2999	Jabbok · proper noun, a place name
border	גְּב֖וּל ge.Vul	H1366	properly · noun, common masculine singular construct
children	בְּנֵ֥י be.Nei	H1121	a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine plural construct
Ammon	עַמּֽוֹן a.Mon	H5983	Ammon · proper noun, a man's name

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Genesis 32:22 And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two womenservants, and his eleven sons, and passed over the ford Jabbok.
Numbers 21:23-30 And Sihon would not suffer Israel to pass through his border: but Sihon gathered all his people together, and went out against Israel into t…
Deuteronomy 2:24-37 Rise ye up, take your journey, and pass over the river Arnon: behold, I have given into thine hand Sihon the Amorite, king of Heshbon, and h…
Deuteronomy 3:6-17 And we utterly destroyed them, as we did unto Sihon king of Heshbon, utterly destroying the men, women, and children, of every city.
Judges 11:13 And the king of the children of Ammon answered unto the messengers of Jephthah, Because Israel took away my land, when they came up out of E…
Judges 11:22 And they possessed all the coasts of the Amorites, from Arnon even unto Jabbok, and from the wilderness even unto Jordan.
Nehemiah 9:22 Moreover thou gavest them kingdoms and nations, and didst divide them into corners: so they possessed the land of Sihon, and the land of the…
Psalms 135:11 Sihon king of the Amorites, and Og king of Bashan, and all the kingdoms of Canaan:

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Joshua 12:1-6

Joshua, or whoever else is the historian before he comes to sum up the new conquests Israel had made, in these verses receives their former conquests in Moses's time, under whom they became masters of the great and potent kingdoms of Sihon and Og. Note, Fresh mercies must not drown the remembrance of former mercies, nor must the glory of the present instruments of good to the church be suffered to eclipse and diminish the just honour of those who have gone before them, and who were the blessings and ornaments of their day. Joshua's services and achievements are confessedly great, but let not those under Moses be overlooked and forgotten, since God was the same who wrought both, and both put…

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Adam Clarke on Joshua 12:2

From Aroer - Aroer was situated on the western side of the river Arnon, in the middle of the valley through which this river takes its course. The kingdom of Sihon extended from the river Arnon and the city of Aroer on the south to the river Jabbok on the north. And from half Gilead - The mountains of Gilead extended from north to south from Mount Hermon towards the source of the river Arnon, which was about the midst of the extent of the kingdom of Sihon: thus Sihon is said to have possessed the half of Gilead, that is, the half of the mountains and of the country which bore the name of Gilead on the east of his territories. River Jabbok - This river has its source in the mountains of Gilea…

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John Gill on Joshua 12:2

Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon,.... Which he took from the Moabites, and made his capital city, Numbers 21:26, and ruled from Aroer, which is upon the bank of the river of Arnon; a city of Moab, which never fell into the hands of Sihon, and therefore he is said to rule from it but not over it: and from the middle of the river; that is, the river Arnon, which being the boundary of the Moabites and Amorites, the king of the Amorites might be said to rule from the middle of it: and from half Gilead even unto the river Jabbok, which is the border of the children of Ammon; so it is said to be, Deuteronomy 3:16; it should be rendered, not "from half Gilead", but "and half Gile…

Dictionary and topics

Amorite, The Amorites — (dwellers on the summits, mountaineers), one of the chief nations who possessed the land of Canaan before its conquest by the Israelites. As dwelling on the elevated portions of the country, they are…
Arnon — Swift, the southern boundary of the territory of Israel beyond Jordan, separating it from the land of Moab (Deut. 3:8, 16). This river (referred to twenty-four times in the Bible) rises in the…
Aroer — Ruins. (1.) A town on the north bank of the Arnon (Deut. 4:48; Judg. 11:26; 2 Kings 10:33), the southern boundary of the kingdom of Sihon (Josh. 12:2). It is now called Arair, 13 miles west of the…
Chinnereth — Lyre, the singular form of the word (Deut. 3:17; Josh. 19:35), which is also used in the plural form, Chinneroth, the name of a fenced city which stood near the shore of the lake of Galilee, a little…
City — The earliest mention of city-building is that of Enoch, which was built by Cain (Gen. 4:17). After the confusion of tongues, the descendants of Nimrod founded several cities (10:10-12). Next, we have…
Governor — (1.) Heb. nagid, a prominent, conspicuous person, whatever his capacity: as, chief of the royal palace (2 Chr. 28:7; comp. 1 Kings 4:6), chief of the temple (1 Chr. 9:11; Jer. 20:1), the leader of…
Jabbok — A pouring out, or a wrestling, one of the streams on the east of Jordan, into which it falls about midway between the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea, or about 45 miles below the Sea of Galilee. It…
Ammonites · Territory of — Territory of
Amorites · Territory of — Territory of
Canaan · After the conquest by Joshua — After the conquest by Joshua
Jabbok · Of the Reubenites and the Gadites

Joshua 12:2

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Joshua 12:1-6

Adam Clarke on Joshua 12:2

John Gill on Joshua 12:2

Dictionary and topics

Joshua 12:2

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Joshua 12:1-6

Adam Clarke on Joshua 12:2

John Gill on Joshua 12:2

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Joshua 12:1–end

Keil & Delitzsch on Joshua 12:1-6

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Joshua 12:2

Rashi on Joshua 12:2