Joshua 12:8

In the mountains, and in the valleys, and in the plains, and in the springs, and in the wilderness, and in the south country; the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites:

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
mountains	בָּהָ֣ר ba.Har	H2022	a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figurative… · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
valleys	וּבַשְּׁפֵלָ֗ה u.va.she.fe.Lah	H8219	Lowland · conjunction + preposition with the article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
plains	וּבָֽעֲרָבָה֙ u.va.'a.ra.Vah	H6160	a desert · conjunction + preposition with the article + proper noun, a place name
springs	וּבָ֣אֲשֵׁד֔וֹת u.Va.'a.she.Dot	H794	a ravine · conjunction + preposition with the article + noun, common feminine plural absolute
wilderness	וּבַמִּדְבָּ֖ר u.va.mid.Bar	H4057	a pasture (i.e. open field · conjunction + preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
country	וּבַנֶּ֑גֶב u.va.Ne.gev	H5045	the south (from its drought) · conjunction + preposition with the article + proper noun, a place name
Hittites	הַֽחִתִּי֙ ha.chi.Ti	H2850	a Chittite · definite article + noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute
Amorites	הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י ha.'e.mo.Ri	H567	an Emorite · definite article + noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute
Canaanites	וְהַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ ve.ha.ke.na.'a.Ni	H3669	a Kenaanite or inhabitant of Kenaan · conjunction + definite article + noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute
Perizzites	הַפְּרִזִּ֔י ha.pe.ri.Zi	H6522	a Perizzite · definite article + noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute
Hivites	הַחִוִּ֖י ha.chi.Vi	H2340	a Chivvite · definite article + noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute
Jebusites	וְהַיְבוּסִֽי ve.hay.vu.Si	H2983	a Jebusite or inhabitant of Jebus · conjunction + definite article + noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Joshua 11:16 So Joshua took all that land, the hills, and all the south country, and all the land of Goshen, and the valley, and the plain, and the mount…
Joshua 9:1 And it came to pass, when all the kings which were on this side Jordan, in the hills, and in the valleys, and in all the coasts of the great…
Joshua 10:40 So Joshua smote all the country of the hills, and of the south, and of the vale, and of the springs, and all their kings: he left none remai…
Genesis 15:18-21 In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great ri…
Exodus 3:8 And I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unt…
Exodus 23:23 For mine Angel shall go before thee, and bring thee in unto the Amorites, and the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and the Canaanites, the Hivi…
Deuteronomy 7:1 When the LORD thy God shall bring thee into the land whither thou goest to possess it, and hath cast out many nations before thee, the Hitti…
Deuteronomy 9:1 Hear, O Israel: Thou art to pass over Jordan this day, to go in to possess nations greater and mightier than thyself, cities great and fence…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Joshua 12:7–end

We have here a breviate of Joshua's conquests. I. The limits of the country he conquered. It lay between Jordan on the east and the Mediterranean Sea on the west, and extended from Baal-gad near Lebanon in the north to Halak, which lay upon the country of Edom in the south, v. 7. The boundaries are more largely described, Num 34:2, etc. But what is here said is enough to show that God had been as good as his word, and had given them possession of all he had promised them by Moses, if they would but have kept it. II. The various kinds of land that were found in this country, which contributed both to its pleasantness and to its fruitfulness, Jos 12:8. There were mountains, not craggy, and roc…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 12:7

THE ONE AND THIRTY KINGS ON THE WEST SIDE OF JORDAN, WHICH JOSHUA SMOTE. (Jos. 12:7-24) Baal-gad . . . even unto . . . Halak--(See on Jos 11:17). A list of thirty-one chief towns is here given; and, as the whole land contained a superficial extent of only fifteen miles in length by fifty in breadth, it is evident that these capital cities belonged to petty and insignificant kingdoms. With a few exceptions, they were not the scenes of any important events recorded in the sacred history, and therefore do not require a particular notice. Next: Joshua Chapter 13

Adam Clarke on Joshua 12:7

From Baal-gad - A repetition of what is mentioned Jos 11:17.

John Gill on Joshua 12:8

In the mountains, and in the valleys, and in the plains, and in the springs, and in the wilderness, and in the south country,.... Which is a description of the whole land of Canaan; some parts of which were hills and mountains, others vales and champaign fields; others were dry and barren, and others well watered; some part of it lay to the north, as towards Lebanon, and others to the south, towards Seir: the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; which were the nations that inhabited the land of Canaan before it was taken and possessed by the Israelites.

Dictionary and topics

Chinnereth — Lyre, the singular form of the word (Deut. 3:17; Josh. 19:35), which is also used in the plural form, Chinneroth, the name of a fenced city which stood near the shore of the lake of Galilee, a little…
City — The earliest mention of city-building is that of Enoch, which was built by Cain (Gen. 4:17). After the confusion of tongues, the descendants of Nimrod founded several cities (10:10-12). Next, we have…
Palestina And Palestine — (land of strangers). These two forms occur in the Authorized Version but four times in all, always in poetical passages; the first in (Exodus 15:14) and Isai 14:29 The second (Joel 3:4) In each case…
Plain — (1.) Heb. ‘abel (Judg. 11:33), a “grassy plain” or “meadow.” Instead of “plains of the vineyards,” as in the Authorized Version, the Revised Version has “Abel-cheramim” (q.v.), comp. Judg. 11:22; 2…
Vale, Valley — It is hardly necessary to state that these words signify a hollow sweep of ground between two more or less parallel ridges of high land. The structure of the greater part of the holy land does not…
Canaan · After the conquest by Joshua — After the conquest by Joshua
Hivites · Conquered by Joshua — Conquered by Joshua

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Joshua 12:8

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Joshua 12:7–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 12:7

Adam Clarke on Joshua 12:7

John Gill on Joshua 12:8

Dictionary and topics

Joshua 12:8

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Joshua 12:7–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 12:7

Adam Clarke on Joshua 12:7

John Gill on Joshua 12:8

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Joshua 12:1–end

Keil & Delitzsch on Joshua 12:7-8

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Joshua 12:8

Rashi on Joshua 12:5