a people (as a congregated unit) · conjunction + definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
up
עָלוּ֙'a.Lu
H5927
to ascend · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural
Jordan
הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ןhai.yar.Den
H3383
Jarden · definite article + proper noun, a place name
tenth
בֶּעָשׂ֖וֹרbe.'a.Sor
H6218
ten · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
first
הָרִאשׁ֑וֹןha.ri.Shon
H7223
first · definite article + ordinal number, masculine singular absolute
month
לַחֹ֣דֶשׁla.Cho.desh
H2320
the new moon · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
encamped
וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙vai.ya.cha.Nu
H2583
properly · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
Gilgal
בַּגִּלְגָּ֔לba.gil.Gal
H1537
Gilgal · preposition with the article + proper noun, a place name
east
מִזְרַ֥חmiz.Rach
H4217
sunrise · noun, common masculine singular construct
border
בִּקְצֵ֖הbik.Tzeh
H7097
an extremity · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct
Jericho
יְרִיחֽוֹye.ri.Cho
H3405
Jericho or Jerecho · proper noun, a place name
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Joshua 5:9 And the LORD said unto Joshua, This day have I rolled away the reproach of Egypt from off you. Wherefore the name of the place is called Gil…
Micah 6:5 O my people, remember now what Balak king of Moab consulted, and what Balaam the son of Beor answered him from Shittim unto Gilgal; that ye…
Exodus 12:2-3 This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.
Joshua 10:6 And the men of Gibeon sent unto Joshua to the camp to Gilgal, saying, Slack not thy hand from thy servants; come up to us quickly, and save…
Joshua 10:43 And Joshua returned, and all Israel with him, unto the camp to Gilgal.
Joshua 15:7 And the border went up toward Debir from the valley of Achor, and so northward, looking toward Gilgal, that is before the going up to Adummi…
1 Samuel 11:14-15 Then said Samuel to the people, Come, and let us go to Gilgal, and renew the kingdom there.
1 Samuel 15:33 And Samuel said, As thy sword hath made women childless, so shall thy mother be childless among women. And Samuel hewed Agag in pieces befor…
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Joshua 4:10-19
The inspired historian seems to be so well pleased with his subject here that he is loth to quit it, and is therefore very particular in his narrative, especially in observing how closely Joshua pursued the orders God gave him, and that he did nothing without divine direction, finishing all that the Lord had commanded him (v. 10), which is also said to be what Moses commanded. We read not of any particular commands that Moses gave to Joshua about this matter: the thing was altogether new to him. It must therefore be understood of the general instructions Moses had given him to follow the divine direction, to deliver that to the people which he received of the Lord, and to take all occasions…
the people came up out of Jordan on the tenth day of the first month--that is, the month Nisan, four days before the passover, and the very day when the paschal lamb required to be set apart, the providence of God having arranged that the entrance into the promised land should be at the feast.
and encamped in Gilgal--The name is here given by anticipation (see on Jos 5:9). It was a tract of land, according to JOSEPHUS, fifty stadia (six and one-half miles) from Jordan, and ten stadia (one and one-fourth miles) from Jericho, at the eastern outskirts of the palm forest, now supposed to be the spot occupied by the village Riha.
Adam Clarke on Joshua 4:19
On the tenth day of the first month - As the Israelites left Egypt on the fifteenth day of the first month, A.M. 2513, (see Exodus 14:1-31), and they entered into Canaan the tenth of the first month, A.M. 2553, it is evident that forty years, wanting five days, had elapsed from the time of their exodus from Egypt to their entrance into the promised inheritance.
Encamped in Gilgal - That is, in the place that was afterwards called Gilgal, see Jos 5:9; for here the name is given it by anticipation. In Hebrew, גל gal signifies to roll; and the doubling of the root, גלגל galgal or gilgal, signifies rolling round and round, or rolling off or away, because, in circumcising the children that had be…
But when do they come to the crossing of the Jordan? For I have noted that this too was marked not without cause, so that the time also might be distinguished. "On the tenth day," it says, "of the first month." This is the very day on which the mystery of the lamb was commanded in Egypt. "On the tenth day of the first month" these things were celebrated in Egypt; "on the tenth day of the first month" they enter the land of promise; which seems to me very blessed, that on the very same day on which one has escaped the errors of the age, he should also deserve to enter the land of promise — that is, on this day on which we live in this age. For the whole of our present life is signified in a single day. And therefore we are taught through this mystery not to defer our acts and works of righteousness to the morrow, but today, that is, so long as we live, so long as we remain in this world, to hasten to fulfill all things that pertain to perfection, and so at last we shall be able "on the tenth day" "of the first month" to enter "the land of promise," that is, the blessedness of perfection. But also very many other things, if you observe them diligently, you will find recapitulated onto this day by the record of the Scriptures. Concerning each of these, that our discourse may not now be extended more than we wish, this must be understood about the fact that this day is so often repeated: that, although there is for us one general perfection, nevertheless each individual species of the virtues which we undertake to unfold, if we are able to complete it wholly and perfectly, has its own perfection proper to that very virtue. For example, if one who is prone to anger desires to attain the virtue of gentleness, without doubt he first stumbles in many things, until by long practice he converts the habit of much time into nature. And when he has obtained what he set out to do, he indeed attains the perfection of gentleness, yet not on that account does he also possess the perfection of all the virtues. So, then, through the individual virtues many perfections are found. But that general perfection is the one which contains in itself the sum of all the perfections. For this reason, therefore, many things done are recapitulated onto this one day, that they may signify many perfections tending toward one end, just as the prophet also says: "my soul has journeyed much";…
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Gilgal — Rolling. (1.) From the solemn transaction of the reading of the law in the valley of Shechem between Ebal and Gerizim the Israelites moved forward to Gilgal, and there made a permanent camp (Josh.…
Tabernacle — (1.) A house or dwelling-place (Job 5:24; 18:6, etc.). (2.) A portable shrine (comp. Acts 19:24) containing the image of Moloch (Amos 5:26; marg. and R.V., “Siccuth”). (3.) The human body (2 Cor.…
Wandering — Of the Israelites in the wilderness in consequence of their rebellious fears to enter the Promised Land (Num. 14:26-35). They wandered for forty years before they were permitted to cross the Jordan…
Abib · Enter — Enter
Gilgal · Jordan River — Jordan River
Instruction · The pillar of twelve stones at the fords of the Jordan River — The pillar of twelve stones at the fords of the Jordan River
Month · .The Israelites cross the Jordan River in — .The Israelites cross the Jordan River in
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
John Gill on Joshua 4:19
And the people came up out of Jordan,.... The channel of it, to the shore:
on the tenth day of the first month; the month Nisan or Abib, which from the time of Israel's coming out of Egypt was appointed the first month of the year, Exodus 12:2; on the fifteenth of which month they came out of Egypt, having kept the passover on the fourteenth at even; so that their coming out of Egypt, to their entrance into Canaan, was just forty years, wanting five days. This tenth day was the day in which the passover was taken from the flock, and kept till the fourteenth, on which day the children of Israel kept their first passover in Canaan, in the plains of Jericho, Joshua 5:10,
and encamped in Gilga…
Joshua 4:19-24
19. And the people came up out of Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and encamped in Gilgal, in the east border of Jericho.
19. Populus autem ascendit e Jordane decima die primi mensis, et castramentati sunt in Gilgal ad plagam orientalem Jericho.
20. And those twelve stones, which they took out of Jordan, did Joshua pitch in Gilgal.
20. Ac duodecim lapides quos tulerant ex Jordane statuit Josue in Gilgal.
21. And he spoke unto the children of Israel, saying, When your children shall ask their fathers in time to come, saying, What mean these stones?
21. Et loquutus est ad filios Israel, dicendo: Quum interrogaverint cras filii vestri patres suos dicendo, Quid la…
The crossing took place on the tenth day of the first month, that is to say, on the same day on which, forty years before, Israel had begun to prepare for going out of Egypt by setting apart the paschal lamb (Exo 12:3). After crossing the river, the people encamped at Gilgal, on the eastern border of the territory of Jericho. The place of encampment is called Gilgal proleptically in Jos 4:19 and Jos 4:20 (see at Jos 5:9).
Tyndale Open Study Notes on Joshua 4:19-20
The tenth day of the first month occurred a few days before Passover. • Gilgal became an important worship center for early Israel. Although its location is uncertain, it was somewhere just east or northeast of Jericho. Its name (which means “wheel of a cart,” cp. Isa 28:28) implies that Joshua set the twelve stones in a circle (cp. study note on Josh 5:9).
Rashi on Joshua 4:18
The soles of the feet of the Kohanim were lifted. [They were lifted] from the water to the dry land next to them, and the water returned to their place. The result of this was that the Ark was on this [eastern] side and the Bnei Yisroel were on this [the western] side. Thus the Ark lifted its carriers and crossed over. It was regarding this that Uzzah was punished ‘when he took hold of the Ark,’7II Shmuel, VI: 6,7. for if the Ark carried its carriers, it certainly was able to carry itself.8Thus by taking hold of the Ark, Uzzah manifested his fear that the Ark was going to fall off the wagon.
