Judges 11:17

Then Israel sent messengers unto the king of Edom, saying, Let me, I pray thee, pass through thy land: but the king of Edom would not hearken thereto. And in like manner they sent unto the king of Moab: but he would not consent: and Israel abode in Kadesh.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל Yis.ra.'El	H3478	Jisrael · proper noun, a place name
sent	וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח vai.yish.Lach	H7971	to send away · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
messengers	מַלְאָכִ֣ים mal.'a.Khim	H4397	a messenger · noun, common masculine plural absolute
king	מֶלֶךְ֩ me.leKh	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Edom	אֱד֨וֹם 'e.Dom	H123	Edom · proper noun, a man's name
saying	לֵאמֹ֜ר le.Mor	H559	to say (used with great latitude) · preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct
through	אֶעְבְּרָה 'e'.be.rah-	H5674	to cross over · verb, qal infinitive construct, 1st person common singular
land	בְאַרְצֶ֗ךָ ve.'ar.Tze.kha	H776	the earth (at large · preposition + noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine singular
king	מֶ֣לֶךְ Me.lekh	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Edom	אֱד֔וֹם 'e.Dom	H123	Edom · proper noun, a man's name
hearken	שָׁמַע֙ sha.Ma'	H8085	to hear intelligently (often with implication of attent… · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
sent	שָׁלַ֖ח sha.Lach	H7971	to send away · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
king	מֶ֧לֶךְ Me.lekh	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Moab	מוֹאָ֛ב mo.'Av	H4124	Moab · proper noun, a place name
would	אָבָ֑ה 'a.Vah	H14	to breathe after · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל Yis.ra.'El	H3478	Jisrael · proper noun, a place name
abode	וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב vai.Ye.shev	H3427	properly · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Kadesh	בְּקָדֵֽשׁ be.ka.Desh	H6946	Kadesh · preposition + proper noun, a place name

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Numbers 20:1 Then came the children of Israel, even the whole congregation, into the desert of Zin in the first month: and the people abode in Kadesh; an…
Numbers 20:14-21 And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh unto the king of Edom, Thus saith thy brother Israel, Thou knowest all the travail that hath befallen…
Deuteronomy 2:4-9 And command thou the people, saying, Ye are to pass through the coast of your brethren the children of Esau, which dwell in Seir; and they s…
Deuteronomy 2:29 (As the children of Esau which dwell in Seir, and the Moabites which dwell in Ar, did unto me;) until I shall pass over Jordan into the land…
Joshua 24:9 Then Balak the son of Zippor, king of Moab, arose and warred against Israel, and sent and called Balaam the son of Beor to curse you:

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Judges 11:12-28

We have here the treaty between Jephthah, now judge of Israel, and the king of the Ammonites (who is not named), that the controversy between the two nations might, if possible, be accommodated without the effusion of blood. I. Jephthah, as one having authority, sent to the king of Ammon, who in this war was the aggressor, to demand his reasons for invading the land of Israel: "Why hast thou come to fight against me in my land? Jdg 11:12. Had I come first into thy land to disturb thee in thy possession, this would have been reason enough for fighting against me, for how must force be repelled but by force? but what hast thou to do to come thus in a hostile manner into my land?" so he calls i…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Judges 11:13

the king of Ammon . . ., Because Israel took away my land--(See on Deu 2:19). The subject of quarrel was a claim of right advanced by the Ammonite monarch to the lands which the Israelites were occupying. Jephthah's reply was clear, decisive, and unanswerable;--first, those lands were not in the possession of the Ammonites when his countrymen got them, and that they had been acquired by right of conquest from the Amorites [Jdg 11:21]; secondly, the Israelites had now, by a lapse of three hundred years of undisputed possession, established a prescriptive right to the occupation [Jdg 11:22-23]; and thirdly, having received a grant of them from the Lord, his people were entitled to maintain the…

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John Gill on Judges 11:17

Then Israel sent messengers unto the king of Edom,.... The history of which may be read in Numbers 20:14, &c. saying, let me, I pray thee, pass through thy land; the land of Edom, from the south to the north of it, according to Jarchi, which was the nearest and shortest way to the land of Canaan; so far were the Israelites from invading and seizing upon the properties of others, that they would not attempt to set their foot in another's country without leave; which they asked in an humble manner, promising to do no injury to any, but pay for whatever they ate and drank in their passage: but the king of Edom would not hearken thereto; or grant their request, but refused them passage through…

Dictionary and topics

Ambassador — In the Old Testament the Hebrew word tsir, meaning “one who goes on an errand,” is rendered thus (Josh. 9:4; Prov. 13:17; Isa. 18:2; Jer. 49:14; Obad. 1:1). This is also the rendering of melits,…
Jephthah — Whom God sets free, or the breaker through, a “mighty man of valour” who delivered Israel from the oppression of the Ammonites (Judg. 11:1-33), and judged Israel six years (12:7). He has been…
Ambassadors · Israelites to various nations — Israelites to various nations
Ammonites, The · Jephthah raised up to deliver Israel from — Jephthah raised up to deliver Israel from
Desert, Journey Of Israel Through The · The king of Edom refuses a passage — The king of Edom refuses a passage
Diplomacy · General references — General references
Edomites, The · Refused Israel a passage — Refused Israel a passage
Jephthah · His message to the king of the Ammonites — His message to the king of the Ammonites
Moabites · Refuse passage of Jephthah’s army through their territory — Refuse passage of Jephthah’s army through their territory

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Judges 11:17

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Judges 11:12-28

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Judges 11:13

John Gill on Judges 11:17

Dictionary and topics

Judges 11:17

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Judges 11:12-28

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Judges 11:13

John Gill on Judges 11:17

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on Judges 11:12-28

Rashi on Judges 11:17