Judges 2:1 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
Judges 2:1
And an angel of the LORD came up from Gilgal to Bochim, and said, I made you to go up out of Egypt, and have brought you unto the land which I sware unto your fathers; and I said, I will never break my covenant with you.
a messenger · noun, common masculine singular construct
LORD
יְהוָ֛הYah.weh
H3068
Jehovah · proper noun, a title
up
וַיַּ֧עַלvai.Ya.'al
H5927
to ascend · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Gilgal
הַגִּלְגָּ֖לha.gil.Gal
H1537
Gilgal · definite article + proper noun, a place name
Bochim
הַבֹּכִ֑יםha.bo.Khim
H1066
Bo-kim · definite article + proper noun, a place name
said
וַיֹּאמֶר֩vai.yo.Mer
H559
to say (used with great latitude) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
up
אַעֲלֶ֨ה'a.'a.Leh
H5927
to ascend · verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st person common singular
Egypt
מִמִּצְרַ֗יִםmi.mitz.Ra.yim
H4714
Mitsrajim · preposition + proper noun, a place name
brought
וָאָבִ֤יאva.'a.Vi'
H935
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) · conjunction + verb, hiphil sequential imperfect, 1st person common singular
land
הָאָ֗רֶץha.'A.retz
H776
the earth (at large · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
sware
נִשְׁבַּ֙עְתִּי֙nish.Ba'.ti
H7650
to seven oneself · verb, niphal perfect, 1st person common singular
fathers
לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔םla.'a.Vo.tei.Khem
H1
father · preposition + noun, common feminine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine plural
said
וָאֹמַ֕רva.'o.Mar
H559
to say (used with great latitude) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 1st person common singular
never
לְעוֹלָֽםle.'o.Lam
H5769
properly · preposition + noun, common masculine singular absolute
break
אָפֵ֧ר'a.Fer
H6565
to break up (usually figuratively) · verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st person common singular
covenant
בְּרִיתִ֛יbe.ri.Ti
H1285
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of fl… · noun, common feminine singular construct + pronominal suffix
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Genesis 17:7-8 And I will establish my covenant between me and thee and thy seed after thee in their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be a God u…
Exodus 20:2 I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
Exodus 23:20 Behold, I send an Angel before thee, to keep thee in the way, and to bring thee into the place which I have prepared.
Leviticus 26:42 Then will I remember my covenant with Jacob, and also my covenant with Isaac, and also my covenant with Abraham will I remember; and I will…
Psalms 105:44-45 And gave them the lands of the heathen: and they inherited the labour of the people;
Genesis 12:7 And the LORD appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land: and there builded he an altar unto the LORD, who appeared u…
Exodus 14:14 The LORD shall fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.
Exodus 14:19 And the angel of God, which went before the camp of Israel, removed and went behind them; and the pillar of the cloud went from before their…
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Judges 2:1-5
It was the privilege of Israel that they had not only a law in general sent them from heaven, once for all, to direct them into and keep them in the way of happiness, but that they had particular messages sent them from heaven, as there was occasion, for reproof, for correction, and for instruction in righteousness, when at any time they turned aside out of that way. Besides the written word which they had before them to read, they often heard a word behind them, saying, This is the way, Isa 30:21. Here begins that way of God's dealing with them. When they would not hear Moses, let it be tried whether they will hear the prophets. In these verses we have a very awakening sermon that was preac…
And an angel of the Lord came up from Gilgal to Bochim,.... The Targum calls him a prophet (y); and the Jewish commentators in general interpret it of Phinehas (z); and that a man is meant is given into by others, because he is said to come from a certain place in Canaan, and not from heaven, and spoke in a public congregation, and is not said to disappear; but neither a man nor a created angel is meant, or otherwise he would have spoken in the name of the Lord, and have said, "thus saith the Lord", and not in his own name; ascribing to himself the bringing of the children of Israel out of Egypt, and swearing to them, and making a covenant with them, and threatening what he would do to them…
The Angel of the Lord at Bochim. - To the cursory survey of the attitude which the tribes of Israel assumed towards the Canaanites who still remained in their inheritances, there is appended an account of the appearance of the angel of the Lord, who announced to the people the punishment of God for their breach of the covenant, of which they had been guilty through their failure to exterminate the Canaanites. This theophany is most intimately connected with the facts grouped together in Judg 1, since the design and significance of the historical survey given there are only to be learned from the reproof of the angel; and since both of them have the same aphoristic character, being restricted…
The Church Fathers
And the angel of the Lord went up to Clautmonte. The author of this book gave this name to the place, because he wrote later, since, when the angel of the Lord ascended to that place, he still did not call himself that. This name means "weeping," because klauzmós, in Greek, means "weeping." The reason is because the people wept there to hear this angel the words of the Lord rebuking him for having disobeyed by not exterminating the people he had ordered exterminate, people they had managed to overcome, preferring to make tributary rather than exterminate and destroy them , as the Lord had commanded (Cf Jos 17,12-14). And if they did so, either out of contempt of the Lord's command, or out of fear that the enemies would force them to fight against them, more to obtain their salvation courageously than to pay the tribute, they undoubtedly sinned, or despised what the Lord He had ordered them, or not believing that he could help them who had sent him. And he did not want to tell him through Josue-if, even when he was alive, he had already ordered them to do it, and he had not mentioned in advance what began to happen after he died-precisely because he wanted to throw it on everyone. through the angel. They had not yet done all of these, living Joshua; although some may have already begun to do it. But it is more likely that none of this had begun to be done by living Joshua Ship, and that the children of Israel, in the time of Joshua, dominated the extent of the territory that would be enough for them to settle, even though in the corresponding lot they had reasons to exterminate even the adversaries, growing and becoming stronger. Therefore, after the death of Joshua, when they had already become strong to carry out this, they preferred to have them as tributaries, according to their decision, rather than kill them and destroy them, according to the will of God. The angel was sent to rebuke them. Now, the fact that the book by Joshua Nave mentioned it, I think it is rather due to anticipation of what happened after the death of Joshua, or because Joshua already knew, because of the prophetic spirit he had (Cf Jos 13,1-3), that he had It will happen like this, in case he is the one who wrote the book called Josué Nave, or because if someone else wrote it, he already knew what happened in Joshua's death before the death of Joshua.
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Angel — A word signifying, both in the Hebrew and Greek, a “messenger,” and hence employed to denote any agent God sends forth to execute his purposes. It is used of an ordinary messenger (Job 1:14: 1 Sam.…
Bochim — Weepers, a place where the angel of the Lord reproved the Israelites for entering into a league with the people of the land. This caused them bitterly to weep, and hence the name of the place (Judg.…
Fast — The sole fast required by the law of Moses was that of the great Day of Atonement (q.v.), Lev. 23:26-32. It is called “the fast” (Acts 27:9). The only other mention of a periodical fast in the Old…
Idolatry — Image-worship or divine honour paid to any created object. Paul describes the origin of idolatry in Rom. 1:21-25: men forsook God, and sank into ignorance and moral corruption (1:28). The forms of…
Alliance And Society With The Enemies Of God · Provoke God to leave mean to reap the fruits of them — Provoke God to leave mean to reap the fruits of them
Angel (Holy Trinity) · . — .
Company · EVIL — EVIL
God · .To Israel — .To Israel
Jews, The · Condemned for associating with other nations — Condemned for associating with other nations
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
Adonoy's emissary went up. We learn in Seder Olam that this was Pinchos.1 Son of Elazar, grandson of Aharon Hakohen. (Bemidbar, 25:11.)2 Why is Pinchas entitled מַלְאַךְ ה׳, lit. “an angel of Adonoy”? Because, when visited by the sacred spirit, he was enflamed with radiance. (Vayikra Rabah, A. See Rashi to Yehoshua, 2:4).
To Bochim. The name of a place.3Not literally “weeping”. See vs.4,5.
I took you up. This was My original intent,4The future tense, אַעֲלֶה, literally “I shall take”, indicates the intent which preceded the actual taking. See Rashi to Shemos, 15:1. to take you up from Mitzrayim—and I did so—with the stipulation that My enemies be ousted.5 As indicated by the warning against…
