Judges 7:13

And when Gideon was come, behold, there was a man that told a dream unto his fellow, and said, Behold, I dreamed a dream, and, lo, a cake of barley bread tumbled into the host of Midian, and came unto a tent, and smote it that it fell, and overturned it, that the tent lay along.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
Gideon	גִדְע֔וֹן gid.'on	H1439	Gidon · proper noun, a man's name
come	וַיָּבֹ֣א vai.ya.Vo'	H935	to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
man	אִ֔ישׁ 'Ish	H376	a man as an individual or a male person · noun, common masculine singular absolute
told	מְסַפֵּ֥ר me.sa.Per	H5608	properly · verb, piel active participle, masculine singular absolute
dream	חֲל֑וֹם cha.Lom	H2472	a dream · noun, common masculine singular absolute
fellow	לְרֵעֵ֖הוּ le.re.'E.hu	H7453	an associate (more or less close) · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
said	וַיֹּ֜אמֶר vai.Yo.mer	H559	to say (used with great latitude) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
dreamed	חָלַ֗מְתִּי cha.Lam.ti	H2492	properly · verb, qal perfect, 1st person common singular
dream	חֲל֣וֹם cha.Lom	H2472	a dream · noun, common masculine singular absolute
cake	צְלִ֜יל tze.lol	H6742	a (round or flattened) cake · noun, common masculine singular construct
barley	שְׂעֹרִים֙ se.'o.Rim	H8184	barley (as villose) · noun, common masculine plural absolute
bread	לֶ֤חֶם Le.chem	H3899	food (for man or beast) · noun, common masculine singular construct
tumbled	מִתְהַפֵּךְ֙ mit.ha.peKh	H2015	to turn about or over · verb, hithpael active participle, masculine singular absolute
host	בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה be.ma.cha.Neh	H4264	an encampment (of travellers or troops) · preposition + noun, common feminine singular construct
Midian	מִדְיָ֔ן mid.Yan	H4080	Midjan · proper noun, a place name
came	וַיָּבֹ֣א vai.ya.Vo'	H935	to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
tent	הָ֠אֹהֶל Ha.'o.hel	H168	a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance) · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
smote	וַיַּכֵּ֧הוּ vai.ya.Ke.hu	H5221	to strike (lightly or severely · conjunction + verb, hiphil sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
fell	וַיִּפֹּ֛ל vai.yi.Pol	H5307	to fall · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
overturned	וַיַּהַפְכֵ֥הוּ vai.ya.haf.Khe.hu	H2015	to turn about or over · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
tent	הָאֹֽהֶל ha.'O.hel	H168	a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance) · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
along	וְנָפַ֥ל ve.na.Fal	H5307	to fall · conjunction + verb, qal sequential perfect, 3rd person masculine singular

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Judges 3:15 But when the children of Israel cried unto the LORD, the LORD raised them up a deliverer, Ehud the son of Gera, a Benjamite, a man lefthande…
Judges 3:31 And after him was Shamgar the son of Anath, which slew of the Philistines six hundred men with an ox goad: and he also delivered Israel.
Judges 4:9 And she said, I will surely go with thee: notwithstanding the journey that thou takest shall not be for thine honour; for the LORD shall sel…
Judges 4:21 Then Jael Heber’s wife took a nail of the tent, and took an hammer in her hand, and went softly unto him, and smote the nail into his temple…
Judges 6:15 And he said unto him, Oh my Lord, wherewith shall I save Israel? behold, my family is poor in Manasseh, and I am the least in my father’s ho…
Isaiah 41:14-15 Fear not, thou worm Jacob, and ye men of Israel; I will help thee, saith the LORD, and thy redeemer, the Holy One of Israel.
1 Corinthians 1:27 But God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise; and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the t…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Judges 7:9-15

Gideon's army being diminished as we have found it was, he must either fight by faith or not at all; God therefore here provides recruits for his faith, instead of recruits for his forces. I. He furnishes him with a good foundation to build his faith upon. Nothing but a word from God will be a footing for faith. He has this as full and express as he can desire, Jdg 7:9. 1. A word of command to warrant the action, which otherwise seemed rash and indiscreet, and unbecoming a wise general: Arise, get thee down with this handful of men unto the host. 2. A word of promise to assure him of the success, which otherwise seemed very improbable: I have delivered it into thy hand; it is all thy own. Th…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Judges 7:13

I dreamed a dream, and, lo, a cake of barley bread tumbled into the host of Midian--This was a characteristic and very expressive dream for an Arab in the circumstances. The rolling down the hill, striking against the tents, and overturning them, naturally enough connected it in his mind with the position and meditated attack of the Israelitish leader. The circumstance of the cake, too, was very significant. Barley was usually the food of the poor, and of beasts; but most probably, from the widespread destruction of the crops by the invaders, multitudes must have been reduced to poor and scanty fare.

John Gill on Judges 7:13

And when Gideon was come,.... With his servant, near and within hearing the talk and conversation of the outer guards or sentinels: there was a man that told a dream unto his fellow; his comrade that stood next him, and was upon guard with him; perhaps it was a dream he had dreamed the night before or this selfsame night, being just called up to take his turn in the watch, and so it was fresh upon his mind: and said, behold, I dreamed a dream, and, lo; thus it was as I am going to relate; twice he uses the word "behold", or "lo", the dream having rely much struck and impressed his mind, and was what he thought worthy of the attention of his comrade: a cake of barley bread tumbled into the…

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The Church Fathers

A man told a dream to his neighbor. Gideon heard it. To confirm the future victory of Gideon, he said that he had seen a table with barley bread, which rolled through the camp and hit the Midian store and overturned it. I think that this must be interpreted as that of the dogs, that is, that the Savior will confuse the proud by means of the despicable things of the world-that is what the table means with barley bread (Cf 1Co 1,27.28).
— Augustine of Hippo, QUESTIONS ON JUDGES, Q. 39 (tr. J. Litteral, draft)

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Barley — A grain much cultivated in Egypt (Ex. 9:31) and in Palestine (Lev. 27:16; Deut. 8:8). It was usually the food of horses (1 Kings 4:28). Barley bread was used by the poorer people (Judg. 7:13; 2 Kings…
Bread — Among the Jews was generally made of wheat (Ex. 29:2; Judg. 6:19), though also sometimes of other grains (Gen. 14:18; Judg. 7:13). Parched grain was sometimes used for food without any other…
Cake — Cakes made of wheat or barley were offered in the temple. They were salted, but unleavened (Ex. 29:2; Lev. 2:4). In idolatrous worship thin cakes or wafers were offered “to the queen of heaven” (Jer.…
Divination — Of false prophets (Deut. 18:10, 14; Micah 3:6, 7, 11), of necromancers (1 Sam. 28:8), of the Philistine priests and diviners (1 Sam. 6:2), of Balaam (Josh. 13:22). Three kinds of divination are…
Dream — God has frequently made use of dreams in communicating his will to men. The most remarkable instances of this are recorded in the history of Jacob (Gen. 28:12; 31:10), Laban (31:24), Joseph…
Esdraelon — The Greek form of the Hebrew “Jezreel,” the name of the great plain (called by the natives Merj Ibn Amer; i.e., “the meadow of the son of Amer”) which stretches across Central Palestine from the…
Harod — Palpitation, a fountain near which Gideon and his army encamped on the morning of the day when they encountered and routed the Midianites (Judg. 7). It was south of the hill Moreh. The present ‘Ain…
Bread · Barley — Barley
Dream · .Of Midianite concerning the — .Of Midianite concerning the
Dreams · Mentioned in scripture of: Midianite — Mentioned in scripture of: Midianite
Pitcher · Used by Gi — Used by Gi

Judges 7:13

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Judges 7:9-15

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Judges 7:13

John Gill on Judges 7:13

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Judges 7:13

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Judges 7:9-15

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Judges 7:13

John Gill on Judges 7:13

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on Judges 7:11-14

Rashi on Judges 7:13