Leviticus 10:14 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
Leviticus 10:14
And the wave breast and heave shoulder shall ye eat in a clean place; thou, and thy sons, and thy daughters with thee: for they be thy due, and thy sons’ due, which are given out of the sacrifices of peace offerings of the children of Israel.
a brandishing (in threat) · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
breast
חֲזֵ֨הcha.Zeh
H2373
the breast (as most seen in front) · noun, common masculine singular construct
heave
הַתְּרוּמָ֗הha.te.ru.Mah
H8641
a present (as offered up) · definite article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
shoulder
שׁ֣וֹקShok
H7785
the (lower) leg (as a runner) · noun, common feminine singular construct
eat
תֹּֽאכְלוּ֙to.khe.Lu
H398
to eat (literally or figuratively) · verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural
clean
טָה֔וֹרta.Hor
H2889
pure (in a physical · adjective, masculine singular absolute
place
בְּמָק֣וֹםbe.ma.Kom
H4725
properly · preposition + noun, common masculine singular absolute
sons
וּבָנֶ֥יךָu.va.Nei.kha
H1121
a son (as a builder of the family name) · conjunction + noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine singular
daughters
וּבְנֹתֶ֖יךָu.ve.no.Tei.kha
H1323
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms… · conjunction + noun, common feminine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine singular
due
חָקְךָ֤cha.ke.Cha
H2706
an enactment · noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine singular
sons’
בָּנֶ֙יךָ֙ba.Nei.kha
H1121
a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine singular
due
וְחָקve.chok-
H2706
an enactment · conjunction + noun, common masculine singular construct
given
נִתְּנ֔וּni.te.Nu
H5414
to give · verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person common plural
sacrifices
מִזִּבְחֵ֥יmi.ziv.Chei
H2077
properly · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct
offerings
שַׁלְמֵ֖יshal.Mei
H8002
properly · noun, common masculine plural construct
children
בְּנֵ֥יbe.Nei
H1121
a son (as a builder of the family name) · noun, common masculine plural construct
Israel
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלYis.ra.'El
H3478
Jisrael · proper noun, a place name
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Numbers 18:11 And this is thine; the heave offering of their gift, with all the wave offerings of the children of Israel: I have given them unto thee, and…
Exodus 29:24-28 And thou shalt put all in the hands of Aaron, and in the hands of his sons; and shalt wave them for a wave offering before the LORD.
Leviticus 7:29-34 Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, He that offereth the sacrifice of his peace offerings unto the LORD shall bring his oblation unto…
Leviticus 9:21 And the breasts and the right shoulder Aaron waved for a wave offering before the LORD; as Moses commanded.
John 4:34 Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to finish his work.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Leviticus 10:12–end
Moses is here directing Aaron to go on with his service after this interruption. Afflictions should rather quicken us to our duty than take us off from it. Observe (Lev 10:12), He spoke unto Aaron and to his sons that were left. The notice taken of their survivorship intimates, 1. That Aaron should take comfort under the loss of two of his sons, from this consideration, that God had graciously spared him the other two, and that he had reason to be thankful for the remnant that was left, and all his sons were not dead, and, in token of his thankfulness to God, to go on cheerfully in his work. 2. That God's sparing them should be an engagement upon them to proceed in his service, and not to fl…
Moses spake unto Aaron, &c.--This was a timely and considerate rehearsal of the laws that regulated the conduct of the priests. Amid the distractions of their family bereavement, Aaron and his surviving sons might have forgotten or overlooked some of their duties.
Adam Clarke on Leviticus 10:14
Wave-breast and heave-shoulder - See Leviticus 7 (note), and Exo 29:27 (note).
John Gill on Leviticus 10:14
And the wave breast and heave shoulder shall ye eat in a clean place,.... The breast of the peace offerings that was waved, and the shoulder of them that was heaved before the Lord; these were given by him to the priests, towards the maintenance of their families, Leviticus 7:34 and they might be eaten anywhere, provided the place was clean from all ceremonial pollution, and in which there were no polluted persons, as leprous ones; they were to be eaten within the camp, as Jarchi observes, where lepers came not: for, as he adds, the light holy things, such as these were, might be eaten in every city; and so it it is said in the Misnah (t), and by the commentators on it:
thou and thy sons, a…
Separate chest and reserved leg you will eat in a sacred place. Although each thing is given to each of the priests, however, it is evident that both things could be called separate, because both were separated for the priest and both could be called reserved or removed -word that in Greek Corresponds to? ??????? -, because both are separated and removed from those for whom the sacrifice is made to give them to the priest. We have heard before about the chest of the imposition and the leg that had to be removed, because nothing was put on the altar on the leg; instead, chest fat did get on him (Cf Lv 8,29).
What do the words mean: The sacrifices of salvation, when in another place he calls them: The sacrifices of salvation, and even in the singular: The sacrifice of salvation, always referring to the same thing? Is it perhaps that in this place where the author speaks of sacrifices of salvation, should he say more about healing? Because in the psalm that says: Hear us, God of our healings (Ps. 64,6), the Greek has this same word soteríon in this place. Now, this genitive plural in the Greek language is doubtful if it is derived from salute (salvation) or from salutari (saving action), because sotería means salvation and healing, and its genitive plural is ton soteríon. Salutare, on the other hand (saving action), is said in Greek sotéríon and its genitive plural is the same. Therefore, if it can be understood correctly as a sacrifice of salvation what is the sacrifice of the action of saving, because salvation is given by the action of saving and the action of saving is that for which salvation is received, it is not necessary Let us think that here, where the sacrifices of salvation are spoken of, it is about the sacrifices of many saves, if not the sacrifices of many healings, which are received from a single act of saving. The Christian faith knows that it is about the salvation of God, of which it is said: I will take the cup of salvation (Ps.115,4 13), and of which Simeon says in the Gospel: Because my eyes have seen your salvation (Lc 2,30). In short, the sacrifices of salvation can be called perfectly or also called healthy sacrifices.
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Priest — The Heb. kohen, Gr. hierus, Lat. sacerdos, always denote one who offers sacrifices. At first every man was his own priest, and presented his own sacrifices before God. Afterwards that office devolved…
Wave Offering — This rite, together with that of “heaving” or “raising” the offering was an inseparable accompaniment of peace offerings. In such the right shoulder, considered the choicest part of the victim, was…
Wave offerings — Parts of peace-offerings were so called, because they were waved by the priests (Ex. 29:24, 26, 27; Lev. 7:20-34; 8:27; 9:21; 10:14, 15, etc.), in token of a solemn special presentation to God. They…
Heave-Offering · To be eaten in a clean place — To be eaten in a clean place
Wave Offering · Was to be eaten in a holy place by the priest’s family — Was to be eaten in a holy place by the priest’s family
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
John Calvin on Leviticus 10:8–end
Leviticus 10:8-11
8. And the LORD spake unto Aaron, saying,
8. Loquutus est etiam Jehova ad Aharon, dicendo:
9. Do not drink wine nor strong drink, thou, nor thy sons with thee, when ye go into the tabernacle of the congregation, lest ye die: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations:
9. Vinum et siceram non bibes tu et filii tui tecum, quando intrabitis in tabernaculum conventionis, ne moriamini: statutum perpetuum est in generationibus vestris:
10. And that ye may put difference between holy and unholy, and between unclean and clean;
10. Et ut discernatis inter sanctum et profanum, et inter immundum et mundum.
11. And that ye may teach the children of Israel all th…
After the directions occasioned by this judgment of God, Moses reminded Aaron and his sons of the general laws concerning the consumption of the priests' portions of the sacrifices, and their relation to the existing circumstances: first of all (Lev 10:12, Lev 10:13), of the law relating to the eating of the meat-offering, which belonged to the priests after the azcarah had been lifted off (Lev 2:3; Lev 6:9-11), and then (Lev 10:14, Lev 10:15) of that relating to the wave-breast and heave-leg (Lev 7:32-34). By the minchah in Lev 10:12 we are to understand the meal and oil, which were offered with the burnt-offering of the nation (Lev 9:4 and Lev 9:7); and by the אשּׁים in Lev 10:12 and Lev 1…
The priest’s share of the grain offering, the sin offering, and the guilt offering was “most holy” (see 2:3; 6:29; 7:6). Only the males in the priest’s family could eat it, and it had to be consumed in a holy place (that is, the Tabernacle court). The priest’s portion of the peace offering, though, was considered simply “holy.” It could be eaten by any family member in any clean place (22:10-13).
Rashi on Leviticus 10:14
ואת חזה התנופה AND THE WAVE BREAST of the communal) peace-offerings,
תאכלו במקום טהור YE SHALL EAT IN A CLEAN PLACE —But had they eaten those that preceded this (the sin-offering and the meal-offering) in an unclean place? But he said this because the preceding ones being holy in the highest degree the eating of them had necessarily to take place in a holy spot (in the court of the Tabernacle), but these,however, were not required to be eaten “within the hangings” (i. e. in the court which was enclosed by hangings), but they were, however, required to be eaten in the camp of Israel (and not beyond the confines of that camp), that being a clean place in so far as lepers were precluded from e…
