Luke 19:43

For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side,

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Word by word — the Greek

Word	Greek	Strong’s	Meaning
For	ὅτι hoti	G3754	demonstrative · conjunction
the days	ἡμέραι hēmerai	G2250	day · noun — nominative plural feminine
shall come	ἥξουσιν hēxousin	G2240	to arrive · verb — future active indicative, 3rd person plural
upon	ἐπὶ epi	G1909	properly · preposition
thee	σέ sé	G4571	thee
that	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
thine	σοῦ soû	G4675	of thee
enemies	ἐχθροί echthroi	G2190	hateful (passively · noun — nominative plural masculine
shall cast	περιβάλλω peribállō	G4016	to throw all around
a trench	χάρακά charaka	G5482	akin to G1125 (γράφω) through the idea of scratching) · noun — accusative singular masculine
about thee	σοί soí	G4671	to thee
and	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
compass	περικυκλώσουσίν perikuklōsousin	G4033	to encircle all around · verb — future active indicative, 3rd person plural
thee	σέ sé	G4571	thee
round	περικυκλόω perikyklóō	G4033	to encircle all around
and	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
keep	συνέξουσίν sunexousin	G4912	to hold together · verb — future active indicative, 3rd person plural
thee	σέ sé	G4571	thee
in	συνέχω synéchō	G4912	to hold together
on every side	πάντοθεν pantothen	G3840	from (i.e. on) all sides · adverb

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Luke 21:20-24 And when ye shall see Jerusalem compassed with armies, then know that the desolation thereof is nigh.
Isaiah 29:1-4 Woe to Ariel, to Ariel, the city where David dwelt! add ye year to year; let them kill sacrifices.
Ezekiel 4:2 And lay siege against it, and build a fort against it, and cast a mount against it; set the camp also against it, and set battering rams aga…
Ezekiel 26:8 He shall slay with the sword thy daughters in the field: and he shall make a fort against thee, and cast a mount against thee, and lift up t…
Deuteronomy 28:49-58 The LORD shall bring a nation against thee from far, from the end of the earth, as swift as the eagle flieth; a nation whose tongue thou sha…
Isaiah 37:33 Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning the king of Assyria, He shall not come into this city, nor shoot an arrow there, nor come before it…
Jeremiah 6:3-6 The shepherds with their flocks shall come unto her; they shall pitch their tents against her round about; they shall feed every one in his…
Daniel 9:26-27 And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 19:41–end

The great Ambassador from heaven is here making his public entry into Jerusalem, not to be respected there, but to be rejected; he knew what a nest of vipers he was throwing himself into, and yet see here two instances of his love to that place and his concern for it. I. The tears he shed for the approaching ruin of the city (Luk 19:41): When he was come near, he beheld the city, and wept over it. Probably, it was when he was coming down the descent of the hill from the mount of Olives, where he had a full view of the city, the large extent of it, and the many stately structures in it, and his eye affected his heart, and his heart his eye again. See here, 1. What a tender spirit Christ was o…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 19:43

a trench--a rampart; first of wood, and when this was burnt, a built wall, four miles in circuit, built in three days--so determined were they. This "cut off all hope of escape," and consigned the city to unparalleled horrors. (See JOSEPHUS, Wars of the Jews, 6.2; 12.3,4.) All here predicted was with dreadful literally fulfilled.

Adam Clarke on Luke 19:43

Cast a trench about thee - This was literally fulfilled when this city was besieged by Titus. Josephus gives a very particular account of the building of this wall, which he says was effected in three days, though it was not less than thirty-nine furlongs in circumference; and that, when this wall and trench were completed, the Jews were so enclosed on every side that no person could escape out of the city, and no provision could be brought in, so that they were reduced to the most terrible distress by the famine which ensued. The whole account is well worth the reader's attention. See Josephus, War, book v. chap. xxii. sec. 1, 2, 3.

John Gill on Luke 19:43

For the days shall come upon thee,.... Suddenly, and very quickly, as they did within forty years after this: that thine enemies; the Romans, and such the Jews took them to be, and might easily understand who our Lord meant: shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side: which was not only verified in the Roman armies closely besieging them; but particularly in this, as Josephus relates (t) that Titus built a wall about the city, of thirty nine furlongs long, and thirteen forts in it which reached ten furlongs, and all done in three days time; by which means they were pent up, starved, and famished, and reduced to inexpressible distress. (t) De Bel…

The Church Fathers

(Hom. 39. in Ev.) By these words the Roman leaders are pointed out. For that overthrow of Jerusalem is described, which was made by the Roman emperors Vespasian and Titus.
— Gregory the Dialogist ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

And therefore the siege which was shortly to come upon them He most expressly foretells, adding, For the days shall come upon thee, &c. But how these things were fulfilled we may gather from what is delivered to us by Josephus, who though he was a Jew, related each event as it toot place, in exact accordance with Christ's prophecies.
— Eusebius of Caesarea ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

Accordingly, therefore, prophesying concerning the temple, He said: 'See ye these buildings? Verily I say to you, There shall not be left here one stone upon another which shall not be taken away; and this generation shall not pass until the destruction begin. For they shall come, and shall sit here, and shall besiege it, and shall slay your children here.'
— Pseudo-Clement, Clementine Homilies, Homily 3

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Temple, Herod’s — The temple erected by the exiles on their return from Babylon had stood for about five hundred years, when Herod the Great became king of Judea. The building had suffered considerably from natural…
Jerusalem · Prophecies respecting: To be destroyed by the Romans — Prophecies respecting: To be destroyed by the Romans
Sieges · Those engaged in: Dug a trench round the city — Those engaged in: Dug a trench round the city

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Luke 19:43

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 19:41–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 19:43

Adam Clarke on Luke 19:43

John Gill on Luke 19:43

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Luke 19:43

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 19:41–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 19:43

Adam Clarke on Luke 19:43

John Gill on Luke 19:43

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Luke 19:41–end

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Luke 19:43-44