Luke 20:28

Saying, Master, Moses wrote unto us, If any man’s brother die, having a wife, and he die without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

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Word by word — the Greek

Word	Greek	Strong’s	Meaning
Saying	λέγοντες· legontes	G3004	properly · verb — present active participle, nominative plural masculine
Master	διδάσκαλε, didaskale	G1320	an instructor (genitive case or specially) · noun — vocative singular masculine, a title
Moses	Μωϋσῆς Mōusēs	G3475	Moseus · noun — nominative singular masculine, a proper name
wrote	ἔγραψεν egrapsen	G1125	to "grave" · verb — second aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular
us	ἡμῖν hēmîn	G2254	to (or for
If	ἐάν ean	G1437	a conditional particle · conditional particle
man’s	τινος tinos	G5100	some or any person or object · indefinite pronoun — genitive singular masculine
brother	ἀδελφὸς adelphos	G80	a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (m… · noun — nominative singular masculine
die	ἀποθάνῃ apothanē	G599	to die off (literally or figuratively) · verb — second aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular
having	ἔχων echōn	G2192	to hold (used in very various applications · verb — present active participle, nominative singular masculine
wife	γυναῖκα gunaika	G1135	a woman · noun — accusative singular feminine
and	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
he	οὗτος houtos	G3778	the he (she or it) · demonstrative pronoun — nominative singular masculine
die	ἀποθνήσκω apothnḗskō	G599	to die off (literally or figuratively)
children	ἄτεκνος ateknos	G815	childless · adjective — nominative singular masculine
that	ἵνα ina	G2443	compare G3588 (ὁ)) · conjunction
his	αὐτοῦ autou	G846	the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — genitive singular masculine
brother	ἀδελφὸς adelphos	G80	a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (m… · noun — nominative singular masculine
take	λάβῃ labē	G2983	while G138 (αἱρέομαι) is more violent · verb — second aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular
wife	γυναῖκα gunaika	G1135	a woman · noun — accusative singular feminine
and	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
up	ἐξαναστήσῃ exanastēsē	G1817	objectively · verb — aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular
seed	σπέρμα sperma	G4690	something sown · noun — accusative singular neuter
his	αὐτοῦ. autou	G846	the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — genitive singular masculine
brother	ἀδελφῷ adelphō	G80	a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (m… · noun — dative singular masculine

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Deuteronomy 25:5-10 If brethren dwell together, and one of them die, and have no child, the wife of the dead shall not marry without unto a stranger: her husban…
Genesis 38:8 And Judah said unto Onan, Go in unto thy brother’s wife, and marry her, and raise up seed to thy brother.
Genesis 38:11 Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter in law, Remain a widow at thy father’s house, till Shelah my son be grown: for he said, Lest peradvent…
Genesis 38:26 And Judah acknowledged them, and said, She hath been more righteous than I; because that I gave her not to Shelah my son. And he knew her ag…
Ruth 1:11-12 And Naomi said, Turn again, my daughters: why will ye go with me? are there yet any more sons in my womb, that they may be your husbands?

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 20:27-38

This discourse with the Sadducees we had before, just as it is here, only that the description Christ gives of the future state is somewhat more full and large here. Observe here, I. In every age there have been men of corrupt minds, that have endeavoured to subvert the fundamental principles of revealed religion. As there are deists now, who call themselves free-thinkers, but are really false-thinkers; so there were Sadducees in our Saviour's time, who bantered the doctrine of the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come, though they were plainly revealed in the Old Testament, and were articles of the Jewish faith. The Sadducees deny that there is any resurrection, any fut…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 20:27

no resurrection--"nor angel nor spirit" (Act 23:8); the materialists of the day.

Adam Clarke on Luke 20:22

Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar - See this insidious but important question considered at large on Mat 22:16-22 (note).

John Gill on Luke 20:28

Saying, master, Moses wrote unto us,.... In Deuteronomy 25:5 where the substance of what follows is contained, though not in express words: if any man's brother die, having a wife, and he die without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother; the meaning of which is, that if a man died without issue, and left a wife behind him, his next brother, if unmarried, was to marry his wife, and the first child born of her, was to be reckoned the deceased's, and to inherit his estate; See Gill on Matthew 22:24.

John Calvin on Luke 20:27-40

Luke 20:27-40 Matthew 22:23-33 Mark 12:18-27 Luke 20:27-40 23. The same day came to him the Sadducees, who say that there is no resurrection, and interrogated him, 24. Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, not having a child, [64] his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed to his brother. 25. Now there were amongst us seven brothers, and the first, having married a wife, died, and, having no seed, left his wife to his brother. 26. In like manner, the second, and the third, till the seventh. 27. And last of all the woman died also. 28. In the resurrection, therefore, whose wife shall she be of the seven? for they all had her. 29. And Jesus answering said to them, You err, not…

The Church Fathers

According to the letter of the law, a woman is compelled to marry, however unwilling, in order that a brother may raise up seed to his brother who is dead. The letter therefore killeth, but the Spirit is the master of charity.
— Ambrose of Milan ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

And they asked him, saying: Teacher, Moses wrote to us, if anyone's brother dies having a wife, and he is without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed to his brother. See the difference between the letter and the spirit. According to the letter, one is compelled to marry in life, so that the brother may raise up seed for the deceased; the spirit, however, is the measure of chastity.
— Bede, On the Gospel of Luke

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Brother · .Law concerning Levirate marriage of — .Law concerning Levirate marriage of
Marriage · 38:8,11; — 38:8,11;
Resurrection · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Sadducees · Reject the doctrine of the resurrection — Reject the doctrine of the resurrection

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 20:27-38

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 20:27

Adam Clarke on Luke 20:22

John Gill on Luke 20:28

John Calvin on Luke 20:27-40

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 20:27-38

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 20:27

Adam Clarke on Luke 20:22

John Gill on Luke 20:28

John Calvin on Luke 20:27-40

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Luke 20:28