Luke 23:34

Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And they parted his raiment, and cast lots.

King James Version · Read in your translation · Open the Explore console

Word by word — the Greek

Word	Greek	Strong’s	Meaning
Then	δὲ de	G1161	but · conjunction
said	ἔλεγεν· elegen	G3004	properly · verb — imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular
Jesus	Ἰησοῦς Iēsous	G2424	Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua) · noun — nominative singular masculine, a proper name
Father	πάτερ, pater	G3962	a "father" (literally or figuratively · noun — vocative singular masculine, a title
forgive	ἄφες aphes	G863	an intensive form of · verb — second aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular
them	αὐτοῖς· autois	G846	the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — dative plural masculine
for	γὰρ gar	G1063	properly · conjunction
they know	εἴδω eídō	G1492	used only in certain past tenses
not	οὐ ou	G3756	the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb · particle — negative
what	τί ti	G5101	an interrogative pronoun · interrogative pronoun — accusative singular neuter
they do	ποιοῦσιν.]] poiousin	G4160	to make or do (in a very wide application · verb — present active indicative, 3rd person plural
And	δὲ de	G1161	but · conjunction
parted	διαμεριζόμενοι diamerizomenoi	G1266	to partition thoroughly (literally in distribution · verb — present middle or passive participle, nominative plural masculine
his	αὐτοῦ autou	G846	the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — genitive singular masculine
raiment	ἱμάτια himatia	G2440	a dress (inner or outer) · noun — accusative plural neuter
cast	ἔβαλον ebalon	G906	to throw (in various applications · verb — second aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural
lots	κλήρους. klērous	G2819	a die (for drawing chances) · noun — accusative plural masculine

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Matthew 5:44 But I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use yo…
Acts 7:60 And he kneeled down, and cried with a loud voice, Lord, lay not this sin to their charge. And when he had said this, he fell asleep.
1 Peter 3:9 Not rendering evil for evil, or railing for railing: but contrariwise blessing; knowing that ye are thereunto called, that ye should inherit…
1 Peter 2:20-23 For what glory is it, if, when ye be buffeted for your faults, ye shall take it patiently? but if, when ye do well, and suffer for it, ye ta…
Luke 6:27-28 But I say unto you which hear, Love your enemies, do good to them which hate you,
Romans 12:14 Bless them which persecute you: bless, and curse not.
Genesis 50:17 So shall ye say unto Joseph, Forgive, I pray thee now, the trespass of thy brethren, and their sin; for they did unto thee evil: and now, we…
1 Corinthians 2:8 Which none of the princes of this world knew: for had they known it, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 23:32-43

In these verses we have, I. Divers passages which we had before in Matthew and Mark concerning Christ's sufferings. 1. That there were two others, malefactors, led with him to the place of execution, who, it is probable, had been for some time under sentence of death, and were designed to be executed on this day, which was probably the pretence for making such haste in the prosecution of Christ, that he and these two malefactors might be executed together, and one solemnity might serve. 2. That he was crucified at a place called Calvary, Kranion, the Greek name for Golgotha - the place of a skull: an ignominious place, to add to the reproach of his sufferings, but significant, for there he t…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 23:31

green tree--that naturally resists the fire. the dry--that attracts the fire, being its proper fuel. The proverb here plainly means: "If such sufferings alight upon the innocent One, the very Lamb of God, what must be in store for those who are provoking the flames?"

Adam Clarke on Luke 23:34

They know not what they do - If ignorance do not excuse a crime, it at least diminishes the atrocity of it. However, these persons well knew that they were crucifying an innocent man; but they did not know that, by this act of theirs, they were bringing down on themselves and on their country the heaviest judgments of God. In the prayer, Father, forgive them! that word of prophecy was fulfilled, He made intercession for the transgressors, Isa 53:12.

John Gill on Luke 23:34

Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them,.... When he was crucified between the two thieves, and as he hung upon the cross, and while insulted and abused by all sorts of men, and put to the greatest pain and torture, he addressed himself to God his Father: the Arabic version reads, "my Father", who was so to him, not as he was man; for as such he had no father; but as he was God, being as a divine person, his beloved, and only begotten Son: and this he uses, whilst, as man, he is praying to him; partly to express his faith of relation to him; his confidence of being heard; and partly to set believers an example of praying, as he has directed, saying, "our Father", &c. and the petition put up by…

The Church Fathers

(de Con. Ev. lib. iii. c. 12.) This matter indeed was briefly related by the three first Evangelists, but John more distinctly explains how it was done.
— Augustine of Hippo ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

But in the lot the grace of God seems to be commended; for when the lot is cast, we yield not to the merits of any person, but to the secret judgment of God.
— Bede ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

But for those who after the crucifixion remain in unbelief, no one can suppose that they are excused by ignorance, because of the notable miracles that with a loud voice proclaimed Him to be the Son of God.
— Ancient Greek Expositor ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Crucifixion — A common mode of punishment among heathen nations in early times. It is not certain whether it was known among the ancient Jews; probably it was not. The modes of capital punishment according to the…
Humiliation of Christ — (Phil. 2:8), seen in (1) his birth (Gal. 4:4; Luke 2:7; John 1:46; Heb. 2:9), (2) his circumstances, (3) his reputation (Isa. 53; Matt. 26:59, 67; Ps. 22:6; Matt. 26:68), (4) his soul (Ps. 22:1;…
Intercession of Christ — Christ’s priestly office consists of these two parts, (1) the offering up of himself as a sacrifice, and (2) making continual intercession for us. When on earth he made intercession for his people…
Christ, Character Of · Forgiving — Forgiving
Enemies · Christ prayed for his — Christ prayed for his
Enemy · Jesus, of his persecutors — Jesus, of his persecutors
Forgiveness · .Jesus forgives his enemies — .Jesus forgives his enemies
Forgiveness Of Injuries · Christ set an example of — Christ set an example of
Good For Evil · .Jesus, to his crucifiers — .Jesus, to his crucifiers
Ignorance · SINS OF — SINS OF
Ignorance Of God · Exemplified: Jews — Exemplified: Jews
Love Of Christ, The · Praying for his enemies. — — Praying for his enemies. —

Luke 23:34

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 23:32-43

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 23:31

Adam Clarke on Luke 23:34

John Gill on Luke 23:34

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Luke 23:34

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 23:32-43

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 23:31

Adam Clarke on Luke 23:34

John Gill on Luke 23:34

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Luke 23:33-34

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Luke 23:34