Luke 23:44

And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour.

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Word by word — the Greek

Word	Greek	Strong’s	Meaning
And	δέ dé	G1161	but
was	ἦν ēn	G2258	I (thou
about	ὡσεὶ hōsei	G5616	as if · preposition
sixth	ἕκτη, hektē	G1623	sixth · adjective — nominative singular feminine
hour	ὥρα hōra	G5610	an "hour" (literally or figuratively) · noun — nominative singular feminine
and	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
was	ἐγένετο egeneto	G1096	to cause to be ("gen"-erate) · verb — second aorist middle deponent indicative, 3rd person singular
darkness	σκότος skotos	G4655	shadiness · noun — nominative singular neuter
over	ἐφ᾽ eph᾽	G1909	properly · preposition
all	ὅλην holēn	G3650	"whole" or "all" · adjective — accusative singular feminine
earth	γῆν gēn	G1093	soil · noun — accusative singular feminine
until	ἕως he'ōs	G2193	a conjunction · preposition
ninth	ἐνάτης enatēs	G1766	ninth · adjective — genitive singular feminine
hour	ὥρας hōras	G5610	an "hour" (literally or figuratively) · noun — genitive singular feminine

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Matthew 27:45 Now from the sixth hour there was darkness over all the land unto the ninth hour.
Mark 15:33-34 And when the sixth hour was come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour.
Amos 8:9 And it shall come to pass in that day, saith the Lord GOD, that I will cause the sun to go down at noon, and I will darken the earth in the…
Acts 2:20 The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before that great and notable day of the Lord come:
Matthew 27:52 And the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints which slept arose,
John 19:14 And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold your King!
Amos 5:18 Woe unto you that desire the day of the LORD! to what end is it for you? the day of the LORD is darkness, and not light.
Mark 15:39 And when the centurion, which stood over against him, saw that he so cried out, and gave up the ghost, he said, Truly this man was the Son o…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 23:44-49

In these verses we have three things: - I. Christ's dying magnified by the prodigies that attended it: only two are here mentioned, which we had an account of before. 1. The darkening of the sun at noon-day. It was now about the sixth hour, that is, according to our computation, twelve o'clock at noon; and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour. The sun was eclipsed and the air exceedingly clouded at the same time, both which concurred to this thick darkness, which continued three hours, not three days, as that of Egypt did. 2. The rending of the veil of the temple. The former prodigy was in the heavens, this in the temple; for both these are the houses of God, and, wh…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 23:43

Jesus said, &c.--The dying Redeemer speaks as if He Himself viewed it in this light. It was a "song in the night." It ministered cheer to His spirit in the midnight gloom that now enwrapt it. Verily I say unto thee--"Since thou speakest as to the king, with kingly authority speak I to thee." To-day--"Thou art prepared for a long delay before I come into My kingdom, but not a day's delay shall there be for thee; thou shalt not be parted from Me even for a moment, but together we shall go, and with Me, ere this day expire, shalt thou be in Paradise" (future bliss, Co2 12:4; Rev 2:7). Learn (1) How "One is taken and another left"; (2) How easily divine teaching can raise the rudest and wors…

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Adam Clarke on Luke 23:44

Darkness over all the earth - See the note on Mat 27:45. The darkness began at the sixth hour, about our twelve o'clock at noon, and lasted till the ninth hour, which answered to our three o'clock in the afternoon.

John Gill on Luke 23:44

And it was about the sixth hour,.... Or twelve o'clock at noon; and so the Ethiopic version, when it was noon; See Gill on Matthew 27:45.

The Church Fathers

This miracle then took place that it might be made known, that He who had undergone death was the Ruler of the whole creation.
— Ancient Greek Expositor ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

The sun also is eclipsed to the sacrilegious, that it may overshadow the scene of their awful wickedness; darkness was spread over the eyes of the unbelieving, that the light of faith might rise again.
— Ambrose of Milan ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

(de Con. Ev. lib. iii. c. 17.) What is here said of the darkness, the other two Evangelists, Matthew and Mark, confirm, but St. Luke adds the cause whence the darkness arose, saying, And the sun was darkened.
— Augustine of Hippo ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Darkness — The plague (the ninth) of darkness in Egypt (Ex. 10:21) is described as darkness “which may be felt.” It covered “all the land of Egypt,” so that “they saw not one another.” It did not extend to the…
Humiliation of Christ — (Phil. 2:8), seen in (1) his birth (Gal. 4:4; Luke 2:7; John 1:46; Heb. 2:9), (2) his circumstances, (3) his reputation (Isa. 53; Matt. 26:59, 67; Ps. 22:6; Matt. 26:68), (4) his soul (Ps. 22:1;…
Astronomy · SI — SI
Meteorology And Celestial Phenomena · 9:7;26:7,8,11;27:20,21;28:24-27;29:19;36:27-33;37:6-22;38:8-11,22,24-29,31-35,37; — 9:7;26:7,8,11;27:20,21;28:24-27;29:19;36:27-33;37:6-22;38:8-11,22,24-29,31-35,37;
Sun · .Darkening of — .Darkening of
Sun, The · Miracles connected with: Darkened at the crucifixion — Miracles connected with: Darkened at the crucifixion

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Luke 23:44

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 23:44-49

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 23:43

Adam Clarke on Luke 23:44

John Gill on Luke 23:44

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Luke 23:44

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 23:44-49

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Luke 23:43

Adam Clarke on Luke 23:44

John Gill on Luke 23:44

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Luke 23:44-49

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Luke 23:44