Annas (i.e. G367 (Ἀνανίας)) · noun — genitive singular masculine, a proper name
and
καὶkai
G2532
and · conjunction
Caiaphas
Καϊάφα,Kaiapha
G2533
the dell · noun — genitive singular masculine, a proper name
being
ἐπὶepi
G1909
properly · preposition
priests
ἀρχιερέωςarchiereōs
G749
the high-priest (literally · noun — genitive singular masculine
word
ῥῆμαrhēma
G4487
an utterance (individually · noun — nominative singular neuter
God
θεοῦtheou
G2316
figuratively · noun — genitive singular masculine, a title
came
ἐγένετοegeneto
G1096
to cause to be ("gen"-erate) · verb — second aorist middle deponent indicative, 3rd person singular
unto
ἐπὶepi
G1909
properly · preposition
John
ἸωάννηνIōannēn
G2491
Joannes (i.e. Jochanan) · noun — accusative singular masculine, a proper name
son
υἱὸνhuion
G5207
a "son" (sometimes of animals) · noun — accusative singular masculine
Zacharias
ΖαχαρίουZachariou
G2197
Zacharias (i.e. Zechariah) · noun — genitive singular masculine, a proper name
in
ἐνen
G1722
"in · preposition
wilderness
ἐρήμῳ.erēmō
G2048
desert · adjective — dative singular feminine
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Acts 4:6 And Annas the high priest, and Caiaphas, and John, and Alexander, and as many as were of the kindred of the high priest, were gathered toget…
Jonah 1:1 Now the word of the LORD came unto Jonah the son of Amittai, saying,
Luke 1:80 And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, and was in the deserts till the day of his shewing unto Israel.
John 18:24 Now Annas had sent him bound unto Caiaphas the high priest.
Micah 1:1 The word of the LORD that came to Micah the Morasthite in the days of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, which he saw concerning Sa…
Matthew 3:1-10 In those days came John the Baptist, preaching in the wilderness of Judaea,
Matthew 26:3 Then assembled together the chief priests, and the scribes, and the elders of the people, unto the palace of the high priest, who was called…
John 18:13-14 And led him away to Annas first; for he was father in law to Caiaphas, which was the high priest that same year.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Luke 3:1-14
John's baptism introducing a new dispensation, it was requisite that we should have a particular account of it. Glorious things were said of John, what a distinguished favourite of Heaven he should be, and what a great blessing to this earth (Luk 1:15, Luk 1:17); but we lost him in the deserts, and there he remains until the day of his showing unto Israel, Luk 1:80. And now at last that day dawns, and a welcome day it was to them that waited for it more than they that waited for the morning. Observe here,
I. The date of the beginning of John's baptism, when it was that he appeared; this is here taken notice of, which was not by the other evangelists, that the truth of the thing might be conf…
Annas and Caiaphas . . . high priests--the former, though deposed, retained much of his influence, and, probably, as sagan or deputy, exercised much of the power of the high priesthood along with Caiaphas (Joh 18:13; Act 4:6). Both Zadok and Abiathar acted as high priests in David's time (Sa2 15:35), and it seems to have become the fixed practice to have two (Kg2 25:18). (Also see on Mat 3:1.)
word of God came unto John--Such formulas, of course, are never used when speaking of Jesus, because the divine nature manifested itself in Him not at certain isolated moments of His life. He was the one everlasting manifestation of the Godhead--THE WORD [OLSHAUSEN].
Adam Clarke on Luke 3:2
Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests - Caiaphas was the son-in-law of Annas or Ananias, and it is supposed that they exercised the high priest's office by turns. It is likely that Annas only was considered as high priest; and that Caiaphas was what the Hebrews termed כהן משנה cohen mishneh, or סגן כהנים sagan cohanim, the high priest's deputy, or ruler of the temple. See the note on Mat 2:4, and on Joh 18:13.
The facts which St. Luke mentions here tend much to confirm the truth of the evangelical history. Christianity differs widely from philosophic system; it is founded in the goodness and authority of God; and attested by historic facts. It differs also from popular tradition, which e…
(in Matt. Hom. 10.) The word of God here mentioned was a commandment, for the son of Zacharias came not of himself, but God moved him.
But the king deprived Joseph of the high priesthood, and bestowed the succession to that dignity on the son of Ananus, who was also himself called Ananus. Now the report goes that this eldest Ananus proved a most fortunate man; for he had five sons who had all performed the office of a high priest to God, and who had himself enjoyed that dignity a long time formerly, which had never happened to any other of our high priests. But this younger Ananus, who, as we have told you already, took the high priesthood, was a bold man in his temper, and very insolent; he was also of the sect of the Sadducees, who are very rigid in judging offenders, above all the rest of the Jews, as we have already observed.
Of old "the word of God came to Jeremiah, the son of Hilkiah, who was of the priests" in the time of this or that king of Judah; now "the word of God comes to John, the son of Zechariah", which never came to the prophets "in the desert". But because "the children" of the desolate one "were to be more" than of "her who has a husband", therefore "the word of God came to John, the son of Zechariah, in the desert". And at the same time consider that it has more reason in it, if the desert is understood mystically and not according to the simple letter. For he who preaches "in the desert" acts to no purpose in crying out there where no one hears him speaking. The forerunner of Christ, therefore, and "the voice of one crying in the desert", preaches "in the desert" of the soul that does not have peace. And not only then, but also in the present, first "the burning and shining lamp" comes and "preaches the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins"; then "the true light" follows after, when "the lamp" itself says: "he must increase, but I must decrease". The word of God comes "in the desert".
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Annas — Was high priest A.D. 7-14. In A.D. 25 Caiaphas, who had married the daughter of Annas (John 18:13), was raised to that office, and probably Annas was now made president of the Sanhedrim, or deputy or…
Caiaphas — The Jewish high priest (A.D. 27-36) at the beginning of our Lord’s public ministry, in the reign of Tiberius (Luke 3:2), and also at the time of his condemnation and crucifixion (Matt. 26:3, 57; John…
Elijah — Whose God is Jehovah. (1.) “The Tishbite,” the “Elias” of the New Testament, is suddenly introduced to our notice in 1 Kings 17:1 as delivering a message from the Lord to Ahab. There is mention made…
High Places6813 Priest — The first distinct separation of Aaron to the office of the priesthood, which previously belonged to the first-born was that recorded (Exodus 28:1) ... We find from the very first the following…
Mary — Hebrew Miriam. (1.) The wife of Joseph, the mother of Jesus, called the “Virgin Mary,” though never so designated in Scripture (Matt. 2:11; Acts 1:14). Little is known of her personal history. Her…
Annas · As — As
Caiaphas · High priest — High priest
High Priest, The · Assisted by a deputy — Assisted by a deputy
John · Lives in the — Lives in the
Roman Empire, The · Judea a province of, under a procurator or a governor — Judea a province of, under a procurator or a governor
Zacharias (Zechariah) · 2. The father of — 2. The father of
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
Luke 3:2 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
John Gill on Luke 3:2
Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests,.... Some difficulty here arises, how these two could be both high priests; when according to the law of God, and the usages of the Jewish nation, there was to be, and was but one high priest at a time: many things are observed by writers, to solve this difficulty: some go this way; that though according to the divine institution, and the practice of former times, there was but one high priest at a time; yet now, through the corruption of the present age, there were two high priests; or at least, which officiated alternately in the same year: but of such a corruption, no instance can be given, even in those corrupt times; and as Maimonides says (a),…
Luke 3:1-6
Matthew 3:1-6
Mark 1:1-6
Luke 3:1-6
1. Now in those days John the Baptist comes, preaching in the wilderness of Judea, 2. And saying, Repent: [243] for the kingdom of heaven is at hand, 3. For this is he, of whom it has been spoken by Isaiah the prophet, who says, The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare the way of the Lord, make his paths straight. 4. And the same John had his raiment of camel's hair, and a leathern girdle about his loins; and his meat was locusts and wild honey. 5. Then went out to him Jerusalem, and all Judea, and all the region round about Jordan. 6. And were baptized in Jordan by him, confessing their sins.
1. The beginning of the gospel of Jes…
Annas and Caiaphas were the high priests: Annas was high priest AD 6–15 and was deposed by the Romans; his son-in-law Caiaphas was the current high priest (AD 18–36). Luke lists both names because Annas still wielded significant power behind the scenes (see John 18:13-14, 24; Acts 4:6). • a message from God came to John: John’s calling as a prophet was similar to that of the Old Testament prophets (see, e.g., Isa 6; Jer 1).
