Luke 4:2

Being forty days tempted of the devil. And in those days he did eat nothing: and when they were ended, he afterward hungered.

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Word by word — the Greek

Word	Greek	Strong’s	Meaning
Being	πειραζόμενος peirazomenos	G3985	to test (objectively) · verb — present passive participle, nominative singular masculine
forty	τεσσεράκοντα tesserakonta	G5062	forty · adjective — numeral, indeclinable
days	ἡμέρας hēmeras	G2250	day · noun — accusative plural feminine
tempted	πειράζω peirázō	G3985	to test (objectively)
of	ὑπὸ hupo	G5259	under · preposition
devil	διαβόλου. diabolou	G1228	a traducer · adjective — genitive singular masculine
And	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
in	ἐν en	G1722	"in · preposition
those	ἐκείναις, ekeinais	G1565	that one (or (neuter) thing) · demonstrative pronoun — dative plural feminine
days	ἡμέραις hēmerais	G2250	day · noun — dative plural feminine
eat	ἔφαγεν ephagen	G5315	to eat (literally or figuratively) · verb — aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular
nothing	οὐδὲν ouden	G3762	not even one (man · adjective — accusative singular neuter
and	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
they	αὐτῶν autōn	G846	the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — genitive plural feminine
ended	συντελεσθεισῶν suntelestheisōn	G4931	to complete entirely · verb — aorist passive participle, genitive plural feminine
he	ἐπείνασεν. epeinasen	G3983	"pine") · verb — aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular
afterward	ὕστερον hýsteron	G5305	more lately
hungered	πεινάω peináō	G3983	"pine")

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Exodus 34:28 And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the word…
Hebrews 4:15 For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as we are, ye…
Deuteronomy 9:9 When I was gone up into the mount to receive the tables of stone, even the tables of the covenant which the LORD made with you, then I abode…
1 Kings 19:8 And he arose, and did eat and drink, and went in the strength of that meat forty days and forty nights unto Horeb the mount of God.
Hebrews 2:18 For in that he himself hath suffered being tempted, he is able to succour them that are tempted.
Deuteronomy 9:18 And I fell down before the LORD, as at the first, forty days and forty nights: I did neither eat bread, nor drink water, because of all your…
Matthew 4:2 And when he had fasted forty days and forty nights, he was afterward an hungred.
John 4:6 Now Jacob’s well was there. Jesus therefore, being wearied with his journey, sat thus on the well: and it was about the sixth hour.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 4:1-13

The last words of the foregoing chapter, that Jesus was the Son of Adam, bespeak him to be the seed of the woman; being so, we have here, according to the promise, breaking the serpent's head, baffling and foiling the devil in all his temptations, who by one temptation had baffled and foiled our first parents. Thus, in the beginning of the war, he made reprisals upon him, and conquered the conqueror. In this story of Christ's temptation, observe, I. How he was prepared and fitted for it. He that designed him the trial furnished him accordingly; for though we know not what exercises may be before us, nor what encounters we may be reserved for, Christ did, and was provided accordingly; and God…

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Adam Clarke on Luke 4:1

Was led by the Spirit - Or, And was carried about, ηγετο. Matthew says, ανηχθη, he was brought up. Mark says, the Spirit driveth him εκβαλλει - putteth him forth. But each of the evangelists attributes this to the Holy Ghost, not to Satan. It may be useful to remark here, that, during the forty days and forty nights in which he is said to have been tempted by the devil, he is carried about, continually sustained and supported, by the Holy Ghost. Let those who are tempted by Satan look for, and, in virtue of the power and intercession of Christ, claim, the same support; and it matters little how many days they may be assaulted by the devil, while they are carried about by the Spirit of God.

John Gill on Luke 4:2

Being forty days tempted of the devil,.... The Vulgate Latin, Syriac, Persic, and Ethiopic versions read the phrase, "forty days", in connection with the latter part of the preceding verse; according to which the sense is, that Jesus was led by the Spirit forty days in the wilderness, before he was tempted by Satan, and in order to it: but our reading is confirmed by Mark 1:13 who affirms, as here, that he was so long tempted by Satan; as he might be invisibly, and, by internal suggestions, before he appeared visibly, and attacked him openly, with the following temptations. The Ethiopic version adds, "and forty nights": and such were these days in which Christ was in the wilderness, and fast…

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The Church Fathers

But Jesus is tempted by the devil forty days, and what the temptations were we know not. They were perhaps omitted, as being greater than could be committed to writing.
— Origen of Alexandria ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

(Orat. 40.) He fasted in truth forty days, eating nothing. (For He was God.) But we regulate our fasting according to our strength, although the zeal of some persuades them to fast beyond what they are able.
— Gregory of Nazianzus ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

(3. Mor. sup. Job 2.) Our enemy was however unable to shake the purpose of the Mediator between God and men. For He condescended to be tempted outwardly, yet so that His soul inwardly, resting in its divinity, remained unshaken.
— Gregory the Dialogist ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Fasting · .Jesus — .Jesus
Hunger · Of Jesus — Of Jesus
Jesus, The Christ · 1:12,13; — 1:12,13;
Satan · The — The
Temptation · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Luke 4:2

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 4:1-13

Adam Clarke on Luke 4:1

John Gill on Luke 4:2

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Luke 4:2

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Luke 4:1-13

Adam Clarke on Luke 4:1

John Gill on Luke 4:2

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Luke 4:1-4

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Luke 4:2