an interrogative pronoun · interrogative pronoun — accusative singular neuter
shall
κύριοςkurios
G2962
supreme in authority · noun — nominative singular masculine
therefore
οὖνoun
G3767
(adverbially) certainly · conjunction
the lord
κύριοςkýrios
G2962
supreme in authority
of the vineyard
ἀμπελῶνος;ampelōnos
G290
a vineyard · noun — genitive singular masculine
do
ποιήσειpoiēsei
G4160
to make or do (in a very wide application · verb — future active indicative, 3rd person singular
he will come
ἐλεύσεταιeleusetai
G2064
to come or go (in a great variety of applications · verb — future middle deponent indicative, 3rd person singular
and
καὶkai
G2532
and · conjunction
destroy
ἀπολέσειapolesei
G622
to destroy fully (reflexively · verb — future active indicative, 3rd person singular
the husbandmen
γεωργοὺςgeōrgous
G1092
a land-worker · noun — accusative plural masculine
and
καὶkai
G2532
and · conjunction
will give
δώσειdōsei
G1325
to give (used in a very wide application · verb — future active indicative, 3rd person singular
the vineyard
ἀμπελῶναampelōna
G290
a vineyard · noun — accusative singular masculine
unto others
ἄλλοις.allois
G243
"else · adjective — dative plural masculine
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Romans 10:20-11:12 But Esaias is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me.
Matthew 21:43 Therefore say I unto you, The kingdom of God shall be taken from you, and given to a nation bringing forth the fruits thereof.
Luke 19:27 But those mine enemies, which would not that I should reign over them, bring hither, and slay them before me.
Romans 9:30-33 What shall we say then? That the Gentiles, which followed not after righteousness, have attained to righteousness, even the righteousness wh…
Leviticus 26:15-18 And if ye shall despise my statutes, or if your soul abhor my judgments, so that ye will not do all my commandments, but that ye break my co…
Leviticus 26:23-24 And if ye will not be reformed by me by these things, but will walk contrary unto me;
Leviticus 26:27-28 And if ye will not for all this hearken unto me, but walk contrary unto me;
Deuteronomy 4:26-27 I call heaven and earth to witness against you this day, that ye shall soon utterly perish from off the land whereunto ye go over Jordan to…
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Mark 12:1-12
Christ had formerly in parables showed how he designed to set up the gospel church; now he begins in parables to show how he would lay aside the Jewish church, which it might have been grafted into the stock of, but was built upon the ruins of. This parable we had just as we have it here, Mat 21:33. We may observe here,
I. They that enjoy the privileges of the visible church, have a vineyard let out to them, which is capable of great improvement, and from the occupiers of which rent is justly expected. When God showed his word unto Jacob, his statutes and judgments unto Israel (Psa 147:19), when he set up his temple among them, his priesthood, and his ordinances, then he let out to them the…
And will give the vineyard unto others - The vineyard must not perish with the husbandmen; it is still capable of producing much fruit, if it be properly cultivated. I will give it into the care of new vine-dressers, the evangelists and apostles. - And under their ministry, multitudes were brought to God before the destruction of Jerusalem.
John Gill on Mark 12:9
What shall therefore the Lord of the vineyard do?.... The Arabic and Ethiopic versions add, to them; that is, to the husbandmen, as is expressed in Matthew 21:40; see Gill on Matthew 21:40,
he will come and destroy the husbandmen, and will give the vineyard unto others. As the former clause contains a question put by Christ upon his having finished the parable, this is an answer to it, given by the chief priests, Scribes, and elders, in whose presence, and for whose sake it was delivered; See Gill on Matthew 21:41.
John Calvin on Mark 12:1-12
Mark 21:1-12
Matthew 21:33-46
Mark 21:1-12
Luke 20:9-19
33. Hear another parable: There was a certain householder, who planted a vineyard, and surrounded it by a ditch, and dug a wine-press in it, and built a tower, and let it to husbandmen, and went abroad, 34. And when the season of the fruits drew near, he sent his servants to the husbandmen, that they might receive its fruits. 35. And the husbandmen, having seized his servants, wounded one, killed another, and stoned another. 36. Again, he sent other servants more numerous [37] than the first, and they did to them in the same manner. 37. And last of all he sent to them his son, saying, They will reverence my son. 38. And when the hus…
The Church Fathers
Or else, the vineyard is given to others, that is, to those who come from the east, and from the west, and from the south, and from the north, and who sit down with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven.
(de Con. Evan. ii. 70) Matthew indeed subjoins that they answered and said, He will miserably destroy those wicked men, (Matt. 21:41) which Mark here says was not their answer, but that the Lord after putting the question, as it were answered Himself. But we may easily understand either that their answer was subjoined without the insertion of, they answered, or they said, which at the same time was implied; or else, that their answer, being the truth, was attributed to the Lord, since He also Himself gave this answer concerning them, being the Truth.
What will the Lord of the vineyard do, therefore? He will come and destroy the husbandmen, and give the vineyard to others. The Lord himself explained this verse shortly afterward in Matthew, saying: Therefore I say to you, the kingdom of God shall be taken from you and given to a nation bringing forth the fruits thereof (Matthew XXI). He also figuratively showed this was about to happen when he cursed the unfruitful fig tree as an example of the unbelieving Jews. Conversely, he compared those who afterward believed, whether from the Jews or the gentiles, to a fruitful and excellent tree, saying: I am the vine; you are the branches. He that abides in me, and I in him, the same brings forth much fruit (John XV). When he had said that the Lord of the vineyard, after the destruction of the wicked husbandmen, would give the vineyard to others, he immediately affirmed that this was procured by divine guidance in a prophetic example, saying:
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Capital And Labor · Strife between — Strife between
Eviction · Of tenants — Of tenants
Husbandman · An agriculturist — An agriculturist
Lease · Of real estate — Of real estate
Self-Condemnation · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Tenants · Evicted — Evicted
Unfaithfulness · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
The parable concludes with two rhetorical questions (cp. 3:23, 33; 4:13; 7:18; 8:12). The first corresponds to what the “Lord of Heaven’s Armies” says in the parable of the vineyard (Isa 5:5-7). Although some interpret Jesus’ answer as meaning that God would replace the evil Jewish leaders (Mark 11:27; 12:12) with more faithful ones, Mark’s readers likely would have understood the others to whom the vineyard would be given as the Gentile church (cp. Matt 21:43; Rom 9:25-33; 11:13-24). Thus, Jesus’ parable connects with the coming destruction of Jerusalem (Mark 11:15-19; 13:1-37; 14:58; 15:29).
