Mark 2:22 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
Mark 2:22
And no man putteth new wine into old bottles: else the new wine doth burst the bottles, and the wine is spilled, and the bottles will be marred: but new wine must be put into new bottles.
not even one (man · adjective — nominative singular masculine
putteth
βάλλειballei
G906
to throw (in various applications · verb — present active indicative, 3rd person singular
new
νέονneon
G3501
"new" · adjective — accusative singular masculine
wine
οἶνονoinon
G3631
"wine" (literally or figuratively) · noun — accusative singular masculine
into
εἰςeis
G1519
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered) · preposition
old
παλαιούς·palaious
G3820
antique · adjective — accusative plural masculine
bottles
ἀσκοὺςaskous
G779
a leathern (or skin) bag used as a bottle · noun — accusative plural masculine
else
μή,mē
G3361
(adverb) not · particle — negative
the
οἶνοςoinos
G3631
"wine" (literally or figuratively) · noun — nominative singular masculine
new
νέονneon
G3501
"new" · adjective — accusative singular masculine
wine
οἶνοςoinos
G3631
"wine" (literally or figuratively) · noun — nominative singular masculine
doth burst
ῥήξειrhēxei
G4486
G2608 (κατάγνυμι) being its intensive (with the preposi… · verb — future active indicative, 3rd person singular
the bottles
ἀσκούς,askous
G779
a leathern (or skin) bag used as a bottle · noun — accusative plural masculine
and
καὶkai
G2532
and · conjunction
the wine
οἶνονoinon
G3631
"wine" (literally or figuratively) · noun — accusative singular masculine
is spilled
ἐκχέωekchéō
G1632
to pour forth
and
καὶkai
G2532
and · conjunction
the bottles
ἀσκοίaskoi
G779
a leathern (or skin) bag used as a bottle · noun — nominative plural masculine
will be marred
ἀπόλλυταιapollutai
G622
to destroy fully (reflexively · verb — present passive indicative, 3rd person singular
but
ἀλλ᾽all᾽
G235
properly · conjunction
new
νέοςnéos
G3501
"new"
wine
οἶνοςoînos
G3631
"wine" (literally or figuratively)
must be put
βλητέοςblētéos
G992
fit to be cast (i.e. applied)
into
εἰςeis
G1519
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered) · preposition
new
καινούςkainous
G2537
new · adjective — accusative plural masculine
bottles
ἀσκοὺςaskous
G779
a leathern (or skin) bag used as a bottle · noun — accusative plural masculine
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Matthew 9:17 Neither do men put new wine into old bottles: else the bottles break, and the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish: but they put new win…
Psalms 119:83 For I am become like a bottle in the smoke; yet do I not forget thy statutes.
Luke 5:37-38 And no man putteth new wine into old bottles; else the new wine will burst the bottles, and be spilled, and the bottles shall perish.
Joshua 9:4 They did work wilily, and went and made as if they had been ambassadors, and took old sacks upon their asses, and wine bottles, old, and ren…
Joshua 9:13 And these bottles of wine, which we filled, were new; and, behold, they be rent: and these our garments and our shoes are become old by reas…
Job 32:19 Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles.
Psalms 119:80 Let my heart be sound in thy statutes; that I be not ashamed.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Mark 2:18–end
Christ had been put to justify himself in conversing with publicans and sinners: here he is put to justify his disciples; and in what they do according to his will he will justify them, and bear them out.
I. He justifies them in their not fasting, which was turned to their reproach by the Pharisees. Why do the Pharisees and the disciples of John fast? They used to fast, the Pharisees fasted twice in the week (Luk 18:12), and probably the disciples of John did so too; and, it should seem, this very day, when Christ and his disciples were feasting in Levi's house, was their fast-day, for the word is nēsteuousi - they do fast, or are fasting, which aggravated the offence. Thus apt are strict p…
And immediately he arose, took up the bed--"Sweet saying!" says BENGEL: "The bed had borne the man: now the man bore the bed."
and went forth before them all--proclaiming by that act to the multitude, whose wondering eyes would follow him as he pressed through them, that He who could work such a glorious miracle of healing, must indeed "have power on earth to forgive sins."
We never saw it on this fashion--"never saw it thus," or, as we say, "never saw the like." In Luke (Luk 5:26) it is, "We have seen strange [unexpected] things to-day"--referring both to the miracles wrought and the forgiveness of sins pronounced by Human Lips. In Matthew (Mat 9:8) it is, "They marvelled, and glorified…
No man - seweth - See Mat 9:16. No man seweth a piece of unscoured cloth upon an old garment. In the common editions this verse begins with και, and, but this is omitted by almost every MS. and version of note. The construction of the whole verse is various in the MSS. The translation given here, and in Mat 9:16, is intelligible, and speaks for itself.
John Gill on Mark 2:22
And no man putteth new wine into old bottles,.... By "old bottles" are meant, the Scribes and Pharisees, the whole, which needed not a physician, and the righteous, Christ came not to call; and by new wine, either the love of God, which is not shed abroad in the hearts of such persons; or the blessings of the new covenant, which are not bestowed upon them; or the Gospel, which brings an account of both, which is not received by carnal men:
else the new wine doth burst the bottles, and the wine is spilled, and the bottles will be marred: the Gospel will only fill them with rage and fury, and they will despise it, and let it go; which will be an aggravation of their sin and misery, and so wil…
The Church Fathers
(ubi sup.) For He compares His disciples to old bottles, who would burst at spiritual precepts, rather than be held in restraint by them. But they will be new bottles, when after the ascension of the Lord, they are renewed by desiring His consolation, and then new wine will come to the new bottles, that is, the fervour of the Holy Ghost will fill the hearts of spiritual men. A teacher must also take heed not to commit the hidden things of new mysteries to a soul, hardened in old wickedness.
He has prescribed for his new disciples of the New Testament a new form of prayer. For this it was fitting that new wine be stored in new wine skins and that a new patch be sewed upon a new garment. What had prevailed in days gone by was either abolished, like circumcision, or completed, like the rest of the law, or fulfilled, like the prophecies, or brought to its perfection, like faith itself. Everything has been changed from carnal to spiritual by the new grace of God which, with the coming of the gospel, has wiped out the old era completely.
And no one puts wine, etc. He also compares them to old wineskins, which he says are more easily burst by new wine, that is, by spiritual precepts, than being able to contain it. However, they were already new wineskins when, after the ascension of the Lord, they were renewed by praying and hoping for the desire of His consolation. For then they received the Holy Spirit, when, filled with it, they spoke in all tongues, it was said by the Jews who did not understand but nonetheless truly witnessed: These men are full of new wine (Acts 2). For new wine had already come into new wineskins, that is, the fervor of the Holy Spirit had filled the hearts of the spiritually new. Otherwise. A teacher must be cautious not to entrust the secrets of new mysteries to a soul not yet renewed but still enduring in the oldness of wickedness. But if anyone asks what the difference mystically is between new wine and a new garment, it is easily apparent, because we are internally refreshed and intoxicated by wine, whereas we are externally clothed by a garment. But while both pertain to the significance of spiritual life, the garment indeed insinuates our good works which we perform outwardly and by which we shine before men. However, new wine expresses the fervor of faith, hope, and charity, by which in the sight of our Creator we are inwardly renewed in the newness of our mind.
Dictionary and topics
Bottle — A vessel made of skins for holding wine (Josh. 9:4. 13; 1 Sam. 16:20; Matt. 9:17; Mark 2:22; Luke 5:37, 38), or milk (Judg. 4:19), or water (Gen. 21:14, 15, 19), or strong drink (Hab. 2:15).…
Bottle · Ma — Ma
Bottles · Made of skins: When old, unfit for holding new wine — Made of skins: When old, unfit for holding new wine
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
Mark 2:18-22
Matthew 9:14-17
Mark 2:18-22
Luke 5:33-39
14. Then come to him the disciples of John, saying, For what reason do we and the Pharisees fast often, while thy disciples do not fast? 15. And Jesus said to them, Can the children of the bridegroom [521] mourn, so long as the bridegroom is with them? But the days will come, when the bridegroom shall be taken from them, and then shall they fast. 16. And no man putteth a piece of fresh cloth on an old garment: for that which fills up takes from the garment, and the rent is made worse. 17. Nor do they put new wine into old bottles; otherwise the bottles burst, and the wine is spilt, and the bottles are lost: but they put new wine into…
Old customs of the old covenant are incompatible with the new arrival of God’s Kingdom. Common experience shows that an unshrunken new patch sewn on old clothing will tear the old cloth as it shrinks. Similarly, brittle old wineskins will burst when new wine ferments in them. Jesus’ meaning was that the fasting of the old cannot mix with the feasting of the new.
