Matthew 22:25

Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:

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Word by word — the Greek

Word	Greek	Strong’s	Meaning
Now	δὲ de	G1161	but · conjunction
were	ἦν ēn	G2258	I (thou
with	παρ᾽ par᾽	G3844	properly · preposition
us	ἡμῖν hēmîn	G2254	to (or for
seven	ἑπτὰ hepta	G2033	seven · adjective — numeral, indeclinable
brethren	ἀδελφοί. adelphoi	G80	a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (m… · noun — nominative plural masculine
and	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
first	πρῶτος prōtos	G4413	foremost (in time · adjective — nominative singular masculine
wife	γήμας gēmas	G1060	to wed (of either sex) · verb — aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine
deceased	ἐτελεύτησεν, eteleutēsen	G5053	to finish life (by implication · verb — aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular
and	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
having	ἔχων echōn	G2192	to hold (used in very various applications · verb — present active participle, nominative singular masculine
no	μὴ mē	G3361	(adverb) not · particle — negative
issue	σπέρμα sperma	G4690	something sown · noun — accusative singular neuter
left	ἀφῆκεν aphēken	G863	an intensive form of · verb — aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular
his	αὐτοῦ autou	G846	the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — genitive singular masculine
wife	γυναῖκα gunaika	G1135	a woman · noun — accusative singular feminine
unto	ἀδελφῷ adelphō	G80	a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (m… · noun — dative singular masculine
his	αὐτοῦ· autou	G846	the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — genitive singular masculine
brother	ἀδελφός adelphós	G80	a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (m…

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Hebrews 9:27 And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment:
Mark 12:19-23 Master, Moses wrote unto us, If a man’s brother die, and leave his wife behind him, and leave no children, that his brother should take his…
Luke 20:29-33 There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died without children.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Matthew 22:14

For many are called, but few are chosen--So Mat 19:30. See on Mat 20:16. Next: Matthew Chapter 23

John Gill on Matthew 22:25

Now there were with us seven brethren,.... That is, there was in the city, town or neighbourhood, where these Sadducees dwelt, probably at Jerusalem, a family, in which were seven sons, all brethren by the father's side; for brethren by the mother's side were not counted brethren, nor obliged by this law (a); whether this was a reigned case which is here and in the following verses put, or whether it was real fact, which is possible, it matters not: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and having no issue, left his wife unto his brother: the eldest of these seven brethren married a wife, and after some time died, having no children, son or daughter, by his wife; and therefore…

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John Calvin on Matthew 22:23-33

Matthew 22:23-33 Matthew 22:23-33 Mark 12:18-27 Luke 20:27-40 23. The same day came to him the Sadducees, who say that there is no resurrection, and interrogated him, 24. Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, not having a child, [64] his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed to his brother. 25. Now there were amongst us seven brothers, and the first, having married a wife, died, and, having no seed, left his wife to his brother. 26. In like manner, the second, and the third, till the seventh. 27. And last of all the woman died also. 28. In the resurrection, therefore, whose wife shall she be of the seven? for they all had her. 29. And Jesus answering said to them, You err,…

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Tyndale Open Study Notes on Matthew 22:23-33

The resurrection was an important issue of Jesus’ day, but the question was raised only to trap Jesus. 22:23 The Sadducees (see 3:7) described a situation involving levirate marriage (see Gen 38:6-11; Deut 25:5-6), which they considered proof that resurrection from the dead is not possible.

The Church Fathers

(Quæst. Ev. i, 32.) Mystically; by these seven brethren are understood the wicked, who could not bring forth the fruit of righteousness in the earth through all the seven ages of the world, during which this earth has being, for afterwards this earth also shall pass away, through which all those seven passed away unfruitful.
— Augustine of Hippo ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Marriage — Was instituted in Paradise when man was in innocence (Gen. 2:18-24). Here we have its original charter, which was confirmed by our Lord, as the basis on which all regulations are to be framed (Matt.…
Widow — Under the Mosaic dispensation no legal provision was made for the maintenance of widows. They were left dependent partly on the affection of relations, more especially of the eldest son, whose…
Craftiness · .Jews, in seeking to entangle the Master — .Jews, in seeking to entangle the Master
Dead, The · Terms used to express: Deceased — Terms used to express: Deceased
First Born, The · Privileges of: In case of death the next brother to raise up seed to — Privileges of: In case of death the next brother to raise up seed to
Resurrection · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Sadducees · Reject the doctrine of the resurrection — Reject the doctrine of the resurrection
Sadducees, The · Christ: Vindicated the resurrection against — Christ: Vindicated the resurrection against
Widows · Laws respecting: When left childless, to be married by their husband’s nearest of kin — Laws respecting: When left childless, to be married by their husband’s nearest of kin

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).